• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.142-149
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• 2010

Interest in energy efficiency and savings have been rising internationally. For this reason, the domestic housing construction in the area of power equipment is being actively studied. Currently approximately 400,000 per year of domestic housing is being built. Applies to housing construction during the current transformer capacity low utilization and load factor has been applied has been designed. In other words, excessively high reserve capacity has been applied. According to this problem, initial facility costs and power losses will cause because transformer low utilization be appropriated. Thus, the energy efficiency drops. In this paper, analysis of past utilization of the housing transformer, and applying an appropriate demand factor has been analyzing the energy loss reduction. this analysis of current domestic conditions for the proper housing transformer scheme is to calculate the capacity.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.964-973
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• 2015

선박 네트워크는 다양한 장치들을 네트워크로 연결하여 선박 상태를 실시간 모니터링 하고, 유지보수 비용을 최소화할 수 있다. 특히, 선박 네트워크에서 저비용, 저파워, 다기능의 센서 노드를 활용한 무선 센서 네트워크의 연구는 많은 장점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 선박 내의 무선 센서 네트워크 환경에서 에너지 효율을 고려한 클러스터 기반의 멀티채널 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안하는 알고리즘은 분산적이고, 동적인 채널 할당 알고리즘을 이용해 클러스터 단위로 채널을 할당하기 때문에 클러스터 간의 간섭을 회피하고 처리율 및 에너지 효율의 향상의 결과를 보인다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.497-505
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• 2011

Image fusion is a technical method to integrate the spatial details of the high-resolution panchromatic (HRP) image and the spectral information of low-resolution multispectral (LRM) images to produce high-resolution multispectral images. The most important point in image fusion is enhancing the spatial details of the HRP image and simultaneously maintaining the spectral information of the LRM images. This implies that the physical characteristics of a satellite sensor should be considered in the fusion process. Also, to fuse massive satellite images, the fusion method should have low computation costs. In this paper, we propose a fast and efficient satellite image fusion method. The proposed method uses the spectral response functions of a satellite sensor; thus, it rationally reflects the physical characteristics of the satellite sensor to the fused image. As a result, the proposed method provides high-quality fused images in terms of spectral and spatial evaluations. The experimental results of IKONOS images indicate that the proposed method outperforms the intensity-hue-saturation and wavelet-based methods.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.181-186
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• 2013

The construction costs for nonstructural systems such as mechanical/electrical equipment, ceiling system, and piping system occupy a significant proportion of the total cost. These nonstructural systems can also cause considerable economic losses and loss of life during and after an earthquake. Therefore, reduction of seismic risk of nonstructural components has been emerging as a key aspect of research in recent year. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the seismic performance of a single-story and multi-story piping system installed in low-rise building and to identify the seismic vulnerability of the current piping systems. The seismic performance evaluation of the piping systems was conducted with 5 different earthquakes to account for the ground motion uncertainty and the preliminary results demonstrated that the maximum displacements of each floor in the multi-story piping system increased linearly with increasing floor level in the building system. This study revealed that the current design piping systems are significantly sensitive to the effect of floor height, which stress the necessity to improve the seismic performance of the current piping systems by, for example, strengthening with seismic sway bracing using transverse/longitudinal bracing cables or hangers.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.589-599
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to analyze the relation amongst health status, health care costs. health service utilization among the low income elderly who were 60 years of age or older, earning a half of the average Korean family income. The cross-sectional descriptive survey research we conducted used families randomly sampled nationwide. The data were collected from July 12 to August 7, 1999 and the total sample was 1.259 household members (421 households). These were the major findings. 1. As for the health status. 72.4% of respondents fell ill in the last 1 month; 54% of respondents had chronic disease. 2. As for the health care cost. the cost of hospitalization and the medical treatment were 1.069,000 won and 226.000won. respectively. 59.3% of respondents experienced a burden from the monthly health care expenses. 3. As for the health service utilization for the last 3months. 28.5% of respondents didn't utilize the health service. In addition, 22.2% of respondents gave up a medical treatment because of economic situation (88.8%). 4. The statistically significant determinants of health service utilization are old age, female, living with a spouse, unemployed state, medicare, and more days sick. 5. It is shown conclusively that equity and efficacy of the health care policy are to be considered for lower income older adult.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2015

Government efforts for green growth policy initiatives demand low-carbon technologies in the road construction industry. The purpose of this paper is to develop an algorithm of a road alignment design solution for establishing the multi-dimensional information, and to calculate carbon emission quantity due to the geometric design elements in the planning phase of road alignment. The paper developed a calculation method for carbon emission quantity by drawing a speed profile reflected in the operating speed, acceleration and deceleration, which are majors factor of carbon emissions while driving and by applying a carbon emission factor. From this effort, it enabled alignment planning to reduce carbon emission. Object-based parametric design methods of the cross-sections were proposed for alignment planning, and the paper demonstrated a BIM-based road alignment planning solution. The proposed solutions can provide multi-dimensional information on carbon emission quantity and cross section elements through driving simulation. It is expected to allow construction of eco-friendly roads by deriving optimal road alignment to minimize environmental costs.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제58권11호
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• pp.2223-2228
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• 2009

Dye sensitized solar cells(DSCs) have been very economical and easy method to convert solar energy to electricity. DSC can reach low costs in future outdoor power applications. However, to commercialize the DSC, there are still many shortages to overcome such a low efficiency in a large size DSC. In this study, DSCs were fabricated by an electrospray coating method for the $TiO_2$ thin film. They were compared with DSCs prepared by conventional coating methods. We conducted an experiment to obtain the optimized parameters of voltage, flow rate, incident angle and distance in the electrospray method. After we fabricated $TiO_2$ film using that way, we investigated the characteristics of DSC through I-V Curve, SEM and EIS. This novel method shows stable performance with an energy conversion efficiency of 3.44 % under 1 sun illumination (AM 1, $P_{in}$ of $100\;mW/cm^2$).

• 토지주택연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of residents for purchased public housing in Seoul, using empirical panel data. The scope of the study will be targeted at the Seoul, as of 2017. The research method includes literature review, statistical analysis, and spatial analysis using QGIS software program. The data used in the research is the Panel Survey of Public Housing in Seoul(2017). The main results of the research are briefly summarized as follows; Firstly, Living in a housing with an increased area compared to the previous housing. Secondly, they can live for a long time with low rent. The burden on housing costs is 71.8% in the case of the deposit. Thirdly, there is little concern about social stigma. Purchased public housing was found to be good in terms of stigmatization due to low-income clusters. Lastly, the accessibility in the city center was good condition. In particular, commuting time was 34.79 minutes on a one-way basis, saving about 4 minutes compared to other types of public housing.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.169-186
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• 2003

국내 대부분의 대학도서관이 디지털참고봉사를 제공하고 있지만 그 이용률은 매우 저조하다. 저조한 원인에는 주제전문 사서의 부족, 홍보부족 기타 관리자의 인식부족 둥으로 나타났다. 국내 대학도서관들의 환경에서 이러한 문제를 각 도서관 별로 해결하기는 어렵다. 이를 효과적으로 해결하기 위한 방법으로 각 도서관의 디지털참고봉사를 통합하는 방법을 제기하였다. 디지털참고봉사를 통합하기 위해서는 먼저 주제전문사서 양성, 이용자들이 인지하기 쉬운 인터페이스, 프로그램 개발, 관리기관 설립 등이 필요한데, 이 중에서도 주제전문사서의 양성이 우선적으로 준비되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
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• 고려인삼학회 2002년도 학술대회지
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• pp.212-226
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• 2002

North American ginseng production may have been maximized in the traditional growing areas in the last decade and further increases may be in woods grown root, for niche markets. The marketplace demands high quality roots. Most problems leading to low quality roots start with the grower and can be avoided. These include poor site selection, inadequate soil drainage, untimely and poorly applied pesticides, and neglect of good sanitary practices. Selection of low lying sites increased the plant damage from frost in Ontario in May 2002. Seeding is still the major method of propagation of ginseng in spite of some success in culturing different parts of the plant. Opportunities exist for shortening the stratification period of North American ginseng seed to allow spring planting. This may reduce disease incidence. Since only one-third of ginseng seed sown ultimately produces plants harvested after 3 years any approach that reduces disease incidence and improves seed germination, seedling emergence and crop stand must be pursued. Disease is the major problem in ginseng cutivation from seed stratification, soil preparation prior to planting, right through to drying of the roots. Replant disease remains as an unresolved problem and needs full characterization and new approaches for control. Much progress has been made in research and related extension activities in disease control although challenges will arise such as with Quintozene and its replacement with Quadris for control of diseases caused by Rhizoctonia. Decreased labor populations and increased associated costs for ginseng production are causing rapid mechanization in every aspect of the ginseng industry. Engineers, machinery dealers, and fabricators, and growers are being challenged to increase efficiency by mechanization.