• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.355-361
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• 2019

Background: Painters in the automotive sector are routinely exposed to volatile organic solvents, and the levels vary depending on the occupational health and safety controls enforced at the companies. This study investigates the levels of exposure to organic vapors and the existence of controls in the formal economy sector in southern Colombia. Methods: This is an exploratory study of an observational and descriptive character. An analysis of solvents is conducted via the personal sampling of painters and the analysis of samples using the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health 1501 method. The amount of solvents analyzed varied according to the budget allocated by the companies. The person in charge of the occupational safety and health management system was interviewed to learn about the exposure controls implemented at the companies. Results: A medium exposure risk for toluene was found in one company. Another presented medium risk for carbon tetrachloride, xylene, ethylbenzene, and n-butanol. The others showed low risk of exposure and that the controls implemented were not sufficient or efficient. Conclusion: These results shed light on the working conditions of these tradespeople. The permissible limits established by Colombian regulations for the evaluated chemical contaminants were not exceeded. However, there were contaminants that exceeded the limits of action. The analysis of findings made it possible to propose improvements in occupational safety and health management systems to allow the optimization of working conditions for painters, prevent the occurrence of occupational diseases, and reduce costs to the country's health system.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.3-10
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• 2019

The 5G network is a next-generation converged network that combines various ICT technologies to realize the need for high speed, hyper connection and ultra low delay, and various efforts have been made to address the security vulnerabilities of the previous generation mobile networks. However, the standards released so far still have potential security vulnerabilities, such as USIM deception and replication attack, message re-transmission attack, and race-condition attack. In order to solve these security problems, this paper proposes a new 5G-AKA protocol with PUF technology, which is a physical unclonable function. The proposed PUF-based 5G-AKA improves the security vulnerabilities identified so far using the device-specific response for a specific challenge and hash function. This approach enables a strong white-list policy through the addition of inexpensive PUF circuits when utilizing 5G networks in areas where security is critical. In addition, since additional cryptographic algorithms are not applied to existing protocols, there is relatively little burden on increasing computational costs or increasing authentication parameter storage.

• The Journal of Bigdata
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2018

In the field of smart water management, there is an increasing demand for strengthening competitiveness through big data analysis. As a result, systematic management (Governance) of big data is becoming an important issue. Big data governance is a systematic approach to evaluating, directing and monitoring data management, such as data quality assurance, privacy protection, data lifetime management, data ownership and clarification of management rights. Failure to establish big data governance can lead to serious problems by using low quality data for critical decisions. In addition, personal privacy data can make Big Brother worry come true, and IT costs can skyrocket due to the neglect of data age management. Even if these technical problems are fixed, the big data effects will not be sustained unless there are organizations and personnel who are dedicated and responsible for data-related issues. In this paper, we propose a method of building data governance for smart water data management based on big data.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.361-368
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• 2019

The objective of the current study was to determine calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) utilization in 4 different hatchery by-products (HBPs) for broiler chickens. The four different HBPs included infertile eggs (IFE), unhatched eggs (UHE), low grade and dead chicks (LDC), and a mixture (MIX) of 55% IFE, 10% UHE, and 10% LDC with 25% hatched eggshells. A total of sixty four 50-day-old Ross 308 broiler chickens were randomly allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments with 8 replicates per treatment. Two birds were placed together in one metabolic cage. Additional 16 birds were used to measure the endogenous losses of Ca and P. A forcefeeding procedure (i.e., crop intubation) was used to measure the apparent and true total tract retention (ATTR and TTTR, respectively) of Ca and P in the 4 HBPs. The results showed that the TTTR of Ca in the UHE was less (p < 0.05) than that in the IFE, LDC, and MIX. The amounts of available Ca in the MIX were greater (p < 0.05) than those in the IFE and UHE, which were greater (p < 0.05) than those in the LDC. The TTTR of P was not different among the 4 HBPs. However, the amounts of available P in the LDC were greater (p < 0.05) than those in the IFE and UHE, which were greater (p < 0.05) than those in the MIX. In conclusion, HBPs contain high amounts of available Ca and P because of high concentrations of total Ca and P with a high utilization rate. Therefore, the use of HBPs in broiler diets can reduce costs on Ca and P supplements.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.63 no.11
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• pp.433-437
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• 2020

Background: Indonesia is one of the countries with the highest preterm birth rate. Preterm infants are more likely than term and normal weight infants to experience neonatal mortality and morbidity due to acute respiratory, gastrointestinal, immunologic, central nervous system, hearing, and vision problems. Kangaroo mother care (KMC) is a proven cost-effective intervention to help reduce mortality rates among preterm infants; however, it has not been fully implemented in hospitals. Purpose: Assess KMC knowledge and perceptions among health providers. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted from December 2015 to April 2016 and consisted of 21 in-depth interviews and 3 focus group discussions (FGDs). The 3 categories of health personnel in the study were clinical providers, hospital management representatives, and Indonesian Midwife Association members. Results: Most health providers know about the benefits of KMC including stabilizing temperatures, weight gain, and maternal-infant bonding and reducing human resources and labor costs. They were also aware of which newborns were eligible for KMC treatment. Their knowledge was mostly gained from observation or obtained from pediatricians and personal experience. They believed that a low birth weight infant in an incubator could not be treated with KMC and that it could only be practiced if a special gown was used when holding the baby. This perception could be caused by a lack of formal KMC training, leading to misunderstanding of its aspects. Conclusion: In conclusion, KMC knowledge of clinical providers in the 2 hospitals was sufficient, primarily due to their health-related educational background. Some perceptions could be potential barriers to or facilitate the implementation of KMC practice. These perceptions should be considered in future KMC training designs.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.58-73
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• 2021

Purpose - In the context of economic globalization and the continuous development of international trade, as countries around the sea peninsula, port construction is particularly important. Based on the research on the influencing factors of port logistics development based on the allocation analysis, QCA (Qualitative Comparative Analysis) provides the basis for the planning and policy of port logistics development and has important theoretical value and practical significance for improving the level of port logistics management, reducing logistics operating costs and increasing economic benefits. In the tide of global integration for the development of port logistics, promote the growth of foreign trade economy of the city. It is also of great significance to the development and progress of commerce and trade. Design/methodology - Based on the relevant data samples of various ports in South Korea, this paper uses fsQCA (fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis) to integrate and analyze the influence mechanism of port logistics development and extracts five influencing factors of port logistics development, including the port's scale and infrastructure in the hard environment, port-neighboring enterprises in the soft environment, hinterland economy and government support. Findings - The five factors are unable to separately constitute the necessary and sufficient conditions of port logistics development, only a combined model can influence lake port logistics development. The scale and infrastructure of the port itself and port-neighboring ring enterprises are the main core conditions, which work together on the port, affect the throughput capacity of the port, and promote the development of port logistics. When the port-neighboring enterprises are not complete and the scale is low, the growth of port throughput will be restrained and the development of port logistics will be affected, whether the hinterland economic benefits are general, the development of port-neighboring enterprises is insufficient, or the government supports are limited. Originality/value - Through the research on the development of port logistics in South Korea from the perspective of configuration, this paper finds the configuration influence of hard environment and soft environment on the development of port logistics, which has important theoretical and practical significance for better promoting the development of port logistics in South Korea.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.109-113
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• 2020

Against the backdrop of low-carbon, green growth, many attention is focused on a sustainable society where humans and nature coexist. Carbon emissions increase with energy consumption, which is 40 percent of the world's energy consumption by buildings. Korea has a plan to make zero-energy houses mandatory only for new buildings in 2025, but it is relying on private technology investment for its technology. The reality is that the current technology costs more than 1.5 times more than general buildings, and private companies do not have many zero-energy house complexes other than experimental houses. This study aims to study the new model of zero energy house by introducing IOT system that efficiently observes and controls energy in zero energy house, monitoring pleasant environment on the web and introducing resident proper temperature maintenance system.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2021

The choice of the culture medium is an important factor for the mass production of mycelia in submerged cultures. The influence of liquid medium on the mycelial dry weight of Paecilomyces tenuipes was investigated in this study. The regression equation is expressed as Y=-1292.94187+17.78612X1+18.92425X2+2.11464X3-0.019375X1X2-0.006276X1X3+0.008177X2X3-0.070169X12-0.292175X22-0.008818X32, where Y represents the value of the mycelial dry weight (g/L), X1 is the particle size of wood sawdust in liquid medium (mesh), X2 is the concentration of the wood sawdust in liquid medium, and X3 is incubation time (h). The medium was optimized using a response surface methodology, and the optimal medium contained 30 g of wood sawdust (140 mesh), 20 g of glucose, and 10 g/L of peptone. Under these conditions, the mycelial dry weight reached 38.1 g/L (actual value). The culture medium containing wood sawdust is simple and easy to use, highly efficient, and eco-friendly, and its effectiveness in large preparations of P. tenuipes mycelia with low material costs has been demonstrated.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.39-52
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• 2021

The global water shortage is getting more attention by global climate change. And water demand rapidly increases due to industrialization and population growth. Desalination technology is being expected as an alternative water supply method. Desalination technology requires low energy or maintenance costs, making it a competible next generation technology, with examples such as forward osmosis (FO), membrane distillation (MD), capacitive deionization (CDI), and electrodialysis (ED) to compete with reverse osmosis (RO). In order to identify recent research trends in desalination technologies (FO, MD, RO, CDI, and ED) between 2000-2020, a bibliometric analysis was conducted in the current study. The number of published papers in desalination technology have increased in Desalination and Journal of Membrane Science mainly. Moreover, it was found that FO, MD, RO, CDI, and ED technologies have been applied in various research areas including electrochemical, food processing and carbon-based material synthesis. Recent research topics according to the desalination technologies were also identified.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.61-81
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• 2021

In the era of untact, the "Chabak" using cars as accommodation spaces is attracting attention as a new form of travel. Due to the advantages, including low costs, convenience, and safety, as well as the characteristics of the vehicle enabling independent travel, the demand for Chabak is continuously increasing. Despite the rapid growth of the market and related industries, little academic has investigated this trend. To establish itself as a new type of travel culture and to sustain the growth of related industries, it is essential to understand the public perception of Chabak. Therefore, based on the marketing mix theory and big data analysis, this study analyzes the public perception of Chabak. The results showed that Chabak has established itself as a consumer-led travel culture, contributing to the aftermarket growth of the automobile industry. Additionally, consumers were found to be increasingly inclined to enjoy travel economically and wisely, and actively share information through social media. This initial study on the new travel trend of Chabak is significant in that it employs big data analysis on a theoretical basis.