• 한국사회복지학
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• 제48권
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• pp.82-112
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• 2002

This study investigates the causes of poverty in Korea since the 1997 Economic Crisis by analyzing the composition and characteristics of the poor by the types of families. While the poor largely consisted of disadvantaged groups, such as the aged, the disabled, or the female-headed families before the Crisis, families headed by working-aged and non-disabled adults have represented a larger portion of the entire poor since the Crisis. The higher overall poverty rate in 1998 mainly resulted from the rapid increase in the number of the unemployed and the high poverty rate of their families. In 1999, the larger number of the unemployed poor exited from poverty by getting a job in the labor market, contributing to the reduction in the overall poverty rate. The significant number of families headed by working adults were poor in 1998, and the size of these working poor was not reduced in 1999. The poverty among this group has been caused by lowered wage rates and deteriorating job security. The findings from this study suggest that anti-poverty policies in Korea be improved to provide better income and employment assistance to the non-working poor and, more importantly, be extended to effectively reduce poverty among the working low-income families.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.95-107
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• 2018

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the health status and social support among elderly living alone with restricted daily functions using the data of the "2014 the Korean Elderly Survey". Methods : Data on 2,407 elderly living alone were drawn and statistically examined using a t-test, an ANOVA, and a multiple regression analysis. Results : The study found that first, the elderly living alone with restricted daily functions comprised 22.1% of the total elderly living alone, and those who were older elderly, illiterate, with low-income, having poor nutrition management, and with a poor health status. Second, among the elderly living alone with restricted daily functions, there was a group with very little support from the family and only 14.0% were covered by long-term care insurance. Third, the life satisfaction of the elderly with restricted functions was lower than that of the non-restricted elderly, and was affected by income, health conditions, depression, access to senior welfare centers, and communication with others. Conclusions : The elderly living alone with restricted daily functions have serious health risks and social support, and hence they should be provided with more proactive support for life, health care and social care to live independently within their communities.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.289-298
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• 2002

This study was conducted to find sensitive indicator of food intake and specific food group related to cognitive function and to analyze the pathway among factors affecting food intake and cognitive function of the aged. 179 people over 50 years old were investigated and all the data were analyzed by SPSS 10.0 package. Food frequency was more sensitive indicator to show the relationship between food intake and cognitive function of the aged than the numbers of standard amount of food eaten. Consumption of grains and starch, meat, fish, eggs and beans were strongly related to cognitive function of the aged and intake of vegetables and fruits also have relationship with it. Moreover, the more frequent eating the carbohydrate and the protein, the higher the cognitive level of the aged. Age, education period, income, blood pressure, duration after retirement, frequency of physical activity and BMI were correlated with food intake and cognitive function of the aged. Among them, age and frequency of physical activity were most strongly correlated with food intake, and education period with cognitive function of them. This investigation shows that more stable intake of carbohydrate and protein containing foods need to be supplied to low income aged and the importance of physical activity of the aged must be emphasized with food intake for better life of the aged.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.25-36
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• 2017

Purpose - The purpose of the study was to investigate the financial difficulty of the elderly in each income group and to examine the factors having related influence. The study adopted models with Korean welfare panel material and examined factors that having influence upon low income elderly's selection on retail business. Research design, data, and methodology - The study investigated the effects having influence upon the financial difficulty of elderly household as well as common household. It also examined independence variables having influence upon household's financial stress and found out the direction of financial control in elderly household. The study investigated the effect of financial stress upon economy to support consumption of the elderly. Results - In cases of financial difficulties, independent variables of the debt increased the financial difficulties of elderly households relying upon traditional markets. The elderly households had financial difficulties because of independent variables of the debt except for loan from financial institution. Conclusions - In this study, the elderly's financial stress had influence upon the use of retail business and the characteristics of residing and family. Further study shall give support policies for the elderly to alleviate financial burden.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국벤처창업학회 2018년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.277-281
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• 2018

Information system has been at center of economic development in several developed countries, and as Africa envision to improve its global economic competitiveness it is important to assess penetration rate the digital divide and catch-up effect over the years. This paper examined whether there exists digital divide and if so, is it narrowing over time and whether the ICT is converging with time in the African countries. Three technologies namely mobile-cellular, internet and fixed broadband were used to measure the digital divide and the catch-up effect. Gamma and sigma convergence methodology together with averaged penetration ratios were used to assess the cross-country performance of each technology. This study confirms both the narrowing of digital divide and convergence of ICT in all three technologies for both total group and subgroups. The digital gap was narrowing over time and the low-income countries were catching up faster to the middle-income countries in all three technologies. However, there are marked differences exhibited in the speed of narrowing digital divide and the speed of convergence between the total groups and the subgroups of countries. Some policy implications were discussed in the conclusion and they can be utilized in designing developmental ICT policies in each technology case for individual countries.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.71-91
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• 2004

2000년 10월부터 시행된 국민기초생활보장제도는 기존에 근로무능력 빈곤가구에게만 제한되어 지급되던 현금지원을 근로능력 빈곤가구에게로 확대하였다. 근로능력가구에 대한 현금지원은 전국민에게 기초보장을 제공한다는 긍정적 측면에도 불구하고 저소득층들의 노동공급을 감소시킬 것이라는 우려를 야기하여 왔다. 본 연구는 한국노동패널 1-5차 자료를 이용하여 국민기초생활보장제도의 영향을 받을 프로그램집단으로 근로능력가구의 저학력자를 설정하고 이중차이모델(difference-in-difference model)을 이용하여 국민기초생활보장제도의 노동공급에 대한 영향을 분석하였다. 분석 결과 국민기초생활보장제도는 취업과 근로시간에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 우리나라에서는 근로능력자에 대한 현금지원이 노동공급에 영향을 미치지 않는다는 것을 제시한다기보다는, 오히려 제도내용이나 실시기간의 제한성 또는 조건부수급제도의 영향 등을 반영한 것으로 보여진다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1463-1470
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• 2012

Objective: The aims of this study were to explore Turkish women's knowledge, behavior and beliefs related to cervical cancer and screening. Methods: The study was performed in two cities in the East of Turkey between September 2009 and April 2010, with a sampling group of 387 women. Data were collected by means of an interview form with the Health Belief Model Scale for Cervical Cancer and Pap Smear Test - Turkish Version. Results: Women in the research group were found to have poor knowledge, inadequate health behavior and low/medium level false beliefs regarding cervical cancer screening. There was relation between health beliefs and characteristics of women and particularly education (F = 10.80, p = 0.01). Similarly, it was found that Pap smear barriers were influenced by demographic characteristics and that women with low-level education (p = 0.001), divorced women (p = 0.05), women with low-income(p = 0.05), women who gave their first birth when they were 18 or younger (p = 0.05) and women not applying any contraceptive method at all (p = 0.01) were determined to have negative Pap smear barriers. Conclusions: Primarily the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of women in the target group should be evaluated to increase their participation in cervical cancer screening and to prepare effective education strategies.

• 한국노년학
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.1559-1575
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• 2009

2008년 기초노령연금제도가 시행되면서 공적 노후소득보장의 근거가 마련되었다. 하지만 아직 기초노령연금은 보조수당의 범위를 벗어나지 못하고 있어 소득보장제도로서의 핵심적인 역할을 하기에는 미흡한 수준이며, 경제적 자립이 어려운 노인들은 총소득 중 여전히 사적이전소득 의존율이 높을 것으로 예상된다. 따라서 경제활동이 원활하지 못하거나 공적소득보장제도의 적용을 제대로 받지 못하는 노인가구의 빈곤율은 노인이 아닌 가구에 비해 더 높을 것이다. 본 연구에서는 공적이전소득이 노후 생활보장의 핵심적인 수단이 되어야 한다는 전제에서 공적이전소득과 사적이전소득이 노인가구의 빈곤을 어느 정도 경감시키는가를 비교해 보았다. 특히 노인인구 중에서도 상대적으로 더 취약한 독거노인가구를 대상으로 하여 공적 및 사적 이전소득의 빈곤경감 효과를 비교분석함으로써 공적 소득보장제도의 중요성을 검증하였다. 연구대상은 65세 이상 혼자 사는 독거노인가구이며, 분석자료는 통계청의 가계조사 중 2006년-2008년의 자료를 활용하였다. 독거노인가구의 빈곤정도와 이전소득의 빈곤경감 정도를 상대적으로 파악하기 위해 우리나라 전체인구 및 전체 노인가구의 빈곤율과 비교하였고, 독거노인가구에 속한 하위집단의 빈곤정도와 이전소득의 빈곤경감 효과를 살펴보기 위해 성별, 연령, 경제활동 여부 등 인구사회학적인 특성별로 구분하여 분석하였다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 노인가구 전체의 빈곤율은 기초노령연금 및 장기요양보험제도가 시행된 2008년 이후에도 전년대비 감소하지 않았다. 둘째, 독거노인가구를 포함한 노인가구에서 두 가구 중 한 가구는 절대빈곤상태에 놓여 있으며, 특히 독거노인가구 중 여성, 비근로, 저학력, 고령, 농어촌 노인가구의 빈곤율이 상대적으로 더 높았다. 셋째, 독거노인가구의 빈곤감소에서 공적이전에 의한 빈곤감소효과가 조금씩 증가하는 추세이지만, 여전히 사적이전에 의한 빈곤감소가 공적이전에 의한 빈곤감소보다 더 크게 기여하였다. 넷째, 공적이전효과 중에서는 생계비 지원 등의 사회보장 수혜효과가 공적연금효과보다 더 큰 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Food and Nutrition Research
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• 제9권7호
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• pp.363-366
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• 2021

This study aimed to determine the effect of regulating crude protein (CP) levels in total mixed ration (TMR) on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of Hanwoo steers. The regimens were divided into a control group (TMR with 15% CP) and treatment group (TMR with 12.5% CP). The viable cell count and fermentation potential of the prepared experimental feed and the nutrient digestibility were evaluated. Growth performance and carcass characteristics were confirmed by evaluating the weight and intake of Hanwoo steers, and an economic analysis was performed. Only CP digestibility was higher in the control group than in the treatment group (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in the initial and final body weights, daily gain, and feed requirements between the groups (p>0.05). There were no significant differences in carcass weight, yield index, back fat thickness, and loin area (p>0.05), but the appearance rate of quality grade A was higher in the treatment group than in the control group. In addition, there was no difference in the meat quality characteristics, such as marbling, meat color, fat color, texture, and maturity (p>0.05), and the treatment group had a higher rate of 1++ grade than the control group. Economic analysis showed that when 10 cattle were shipped, the control group received a price of 100,041 thousand won, and the treatment group received a price of 102,033 thousand won. When the income for each group was calculated, the production cost of the treatment group was 8% lower than that of the control group; thus, a higher net profit could be expected considering the low feed cost. Therefore, the economic feasibility of steer raising could be improved while maintaining productivity by controlling CP levels in feed. In addition, this study provides useful basic data for precisely adjusting the CP levels in feed for Hanwoo steers.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.19-32
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• 2004

This study was conducted to evaluated musculoskeletal subjective symptoms and the degree of stress of industrial workers to present fundamental materials of preventive oriental medicine for improving their health and quality of life. During the medical examination with oriental medicine method, presence of subjective symptoms of musculoskeletal pain, Psychosocial Well-being Index(PWI) and life style were checked by using questionnaire method in 474 industrial workers. The collected data were analyzed with crosstabs, ANOVA and T-test. The results were as follows; 1. In general differences according to musculoskeletal subjective symptoms, education level of high school graduation had significantly higher distribution than that of below middle school or above university graduation in the pain present group. 2. In the musculoskeletal subjective symptoms and the degree of stress, all of Factor1, Factor2. Factor3, Factor4. and PWI had higher score in pain present group than in pain free group and the difference was statistically significant. 3. According to degree of stress and general character of subjects, single and education level of high school graduation had high score in Factor2, Factor3 and PWI. Factor1 and Factor3 was high in income group of low 1.49 million won. Factor2, Factor4, and PWI was high significantly in income group of 1.50 - 2.99 million won. In job type, manufacturing worker group had significantly high score in Factor3. 4. In degree of stress and life style difference, there was significant difference in PWI score in the field of alcohol chinking, smoking, exercise, obesity except sleeping hours. In the present study. as a result, it is found out that musculoskeletal subjective symptoms present group had higher score in psychosocial stress across the fields than symptom-free group and it is recommended that continuous studies on the relationship of job-related musculoskeletal disorders and psychosocial stress should be performed for improvement and prevention of mental and physical health of industrial worke