• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 반횡류식 터널 덕트슬래브 하면 중앙부에 발생한 종방향 균열의 발생 원인을 분석하였다. 분석을 수행하기 위하여 균열이 발생 부위에 대한 상세한 외관조사, 비파괴조사 및 덕트슬래브의 처짐 측량을 실시하였고, 그 결과와 수치해석결과와의 상관관계 분석을 수행하여 균열 발생 원인에 대한 상세한 분석을 실시하였다. 균열 발생 원인의 주요 인자로 단부구속조건, 철근의 위치, 온도의 변화 및 건조수축 등으로 분류하였고, 콘크리트 라이닝을 우선적으로 타설하고 덕트슬래브를 철근 커플러로 강결하여 수개월 후에 별도 타설한 시공여건에 따라 발생할 가능성이 있는 요소들을 고려하여 수치해석을 실시하였다. 특히, 건조수축에 대한 분석을 위하여 ACI209 및 콘크리트 구조설계기준의 예측식과 기존 연구의 실험결과를 비교하여 시공당시의 건조수축 발생량을 예측하였고 구조해석을 수행하여 건조수축이 균열발생의 주요한 원인 중에 하나라는 결과를 도출하였다. 이에 따라 기존에 수행한 도로터널의 안전진단 결과를 덕트슬래브의 시공 방법에 따라 분류하고 균열발생 패턴을 분석하여 덕트슬래브가 있는 터널의 시공방법의 개선에 대한 제언을 하였다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2021

이 연구에서는 속채움 콘크리트와 길이방향 철근으로 보강된 PHC 파일에 대한 휨실험을 수행하였으며, 실험의 주요 변수는 길이 방향 철근비와 PHC 파일 중공 내부 표면에 형성된 슬러지 유무로 설정하였다. 총 6개의 PHC 파일 실험체를 제작하였으며, 실험체들의 파괴모드, 균열패턴, 단면내 길이방향 변형률 분포, PHC 파일과 속채움 콘크리트 사이에 발생된 단부 슬립을 상세히 계측하고 분석하였다. 실험결과, 길이방향 철근비가 증가할수록 휨 강성 및 강도가 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며, PHC 파일 내부 표면에 형성된 슬러지는 실험체의 휨성능에 큰 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 실험적 연구와 더불어 이 연구에서는 변형률 적합조건, PHC 파일과 속채움 콘크리트 단면내 변형률 및 응력 분포를 고려한 비선형 휨해석 모델을 제안하였으며, 해석결과를 실험결과와 비교하여 제안모델의 합리성을 검증하였다. 그 결과, 제안모델은 속채움 콘크리트와 길이방향 철근으로 보강된 PHC 파일의 휨거동을 매우 우수한 정확도로 평가하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2007년도 제29회 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.194-197
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• 2007

액체로켓 연소기 재생냉각 챔버의 제작에 사용되는 구리합금의 성형한계 곡선을 얻기 위하여 돔 장출 시험과 인장시험을 수행하였다. 성형한계 곡선에 대한 실험적인 연구를 위하여 인장시편을 사용하여 인장-압축 변형률 상태의 데이터를 얻었으며, 인장-인장의 변형률 상태를 얻기 위하여 돔 장출 시험용 시편을 사용한 돔 장출 시험 또한 수행하였다. 시험에 사용한 모든 시편은 제작방법에 따라 종 방향과 횡 방향시편으로 구분하였다. 시험 결과 인장-인장 변형률 상태에서 최대 주 변형률과 부 변형률은 62.3%와 58.6%이며 인장-압축 상태에서는 60.5%와 25.8%로 나타났다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.14 No.1
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• pp.97-100
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• 2001

This paper presents the characteristics of Ta-N thin-film strain gauges as high-temperature strain gauges, which were deposited on Si substrate by DC reactive magnetron sputtering in an argon-nitrogen atmosphere(Ar-(4~16%)$N_2$). These films were annealed for 1 hour in $2{\times}10^{-6}$ Torr vaccum furnace range $500\sim1000^{\circ}C$. The optimized conditions of Ta-N thin-film strain gauges were annealing condition($900^{\circ}C$, 1 hr.) in 8% $N_2$ gas flow ratio deposition atmosphere. Under optimum conditions, the Ta-N thin-films for strain gauges is obtained a high resistivity, $\rho=768.93$ ${\mu}{\Omega}cm$, a low temperature coefficient of resistance, TCR=-84 ppm/$^{\circ}C$ and a high temporal stability with a good longitudinal gauge factor, GF=4.12.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2006년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.7
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• pp.376-377
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• 2006

This paper presents the characteristics of Ta-N thin film strain gauges that are suitable for harsh environemts, which were deposited on thermally oxidized Si substrates by DC reactive magnetronsputtering in an argon-nitrogen atmosphere (Ar-$N_2$ (4 ~ 16 %)). These films were annealed for 1 hr in $2{\times}10^{-6}$ Torr in a vacuum furnace with temperatures that ranged from 500 - $1000^{\circ}C$. The optimized deposition and annealing conditions of the Ta-N thin film strain gauges were determined using 8 % $N_2$ gas flow ratio and annealing at $900^{\circ}C$ for 1 hr. Under optimum formation conditions, the Ta-N thin film strain gauges obtained a high electrical resistivity, ${\rho}\;=\;768.93\;{\mu}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$, a low temperature coefficient of resistance, $TCR\;=\;-84\;ppm/^{\circ}C$ and a high temporal stability with a good longitudinal gauge factor, GF=4.12. The fabricated Ta-N thin film strain gauges are expected to be used inmicromachined pressure sensors and load cells that are operable under harsh environments.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.289-299
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• 2020

To investigate the long-term behavior of eccentrically loaded RC columns, which are more realistic in practice than concentrically loaded RC columns, long-term eccentric loading tests were conducted for 10 RC columns. Test parameters included concrete compressive strength, reinforcement ratio, bar yield strength, eccentricity ratio, slenderness ratio, and loading pattern. Test results showed that the strain and curvature of the columns increased with time, and concrete forces were gradually transferred to longitudinal bars due to the creep and shrinkage of concrete. The long-term behavior of the columns varied with the test parameters, and long-term effects were more pronounced in the case of using the lower strength concrete, lower strength steel, lower bar ratio, fewer loading-step, higher eccentricity ratio, and higher slenderness ratio. However, in all the columns, no longitudinal bars were yielded under service loads at the final measuring day. Meanwhile, the numerical analysis modeling using the ultimate creep coefficient and ultimate shrinkage strain measured from cylinder tests gave quite good predictions for the behavior of the columns.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.30-39
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• 1986

In manufacturing of pipe walls for boiler units, distortion can result in pipe-web-pipe joints from the nonuniform expansion and contraction of the weld metal and the adjacent base metal during heating and cooling cycle of the welding process. In this study, the stresses and strains during longitudinal welding of the plate-to-pipe joint were investigated. Using the method of successive elastic solution, longitudinal stresses and strains during and after welding were calculated from the information of temperature distributions obtained by Rosenthal's equations. In order to confirm the validity of the numerical results, the temperature and residual stress distributions were measured and compared with the calculated results. In spite of some assumptions, the one-dimensional analytical results of residual stresses were in fairly good agreement with the experimental ones. The residual stresses due to welding of plate-to-pipe joints are tensile near the weld line and compressive in the base metal as in the welding of plates. the amount and distribution of residual stresses were deeply dependent on the heat input ratio of the plate and pipe.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.297-307
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• 2011

Meck Plot is an adapted version of the well-known Southwell method to the case of lateral-torsional buckling, which indeed reflects the physical inter-dependence of lateral flexure (lateral displacement) and torsion (rotation) in the structure. In the recent reported studies, it has been shown experimentally and theoretically that lateral displacement of an I-beam undergoing elastic lateral-distortional mode of buckling is interestingly directly coupled with other various deformation characteristics such as web transverse strain, web longitudinal strain, vertical deflection, and angles of twist of top and bottom flanges, and consequently good results have been obtained as a result of application of the Meck's method on lateral displacement together with each of the aforementioned deformation variables. In this paper, it is demonstrated that even web transverse and longitudinal strains, vertical deflection, and angles of twist of top and bottom flanges of an I-beam undergoing elastic lateral-distortional buckling are two-by-two directly coupled and the application of the Meck Plot on each pair of these deformation variables may still yield reliable predictions for the critical buckling load.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제3권5호
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• pp.767-781
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• 2012

The residual capacity against collapse of a main shock-damaged bridge can be coupled with the aftershock ground motion hazard to make an objective decision on its probability of collapse in aftershocks. In this paper, a steel tower suspension bridge with a main span of 2000 m is adopted for a case-study. Seismic responses of the bridge in longitudinal and transversal directions are analyzed using dynamic elasto-plastic finite displacement theory. The analysis is conducted in two stages: main shock and aftershocks. The ability of the main shock-damaged bridge to resist aftershocks is discussed. Results show that the damage caused by accumulated plastic strain can be ignored in the long-span suspension bridge. And under longitudinal and transversal seismic excitations, the damage is prone to occur at higher positions of the tower and the shaft-beam junctions. When aftershocks are not large enough to cause plastic strain in the structure, the aftershock excitation can be ignored in the seismic damage analysis of the bridge. It is also found that the assessment of seismic damage can be determined by superposition of damage under independent action of seismic excitations.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.469-481
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• 2017

This paper aims to analytically investigate the effect of shear stress at the concrete-steel interface on the mechanical behavior of the circular steel tube-confined concrete (STCC) stub columns with active and passive confinement subjected to axial compression. Nonlinear 3D finite element models divided into the four groups, i.e. circumferential-grooved, talc-coated, lubricated, and normal groups, with active and passive confinement were developed. An innovative method was used to simulate the actively-confined specimens, and then, the results of the finite element models were compared with those of the experiments previously conducted by the authors. It was revealed that both the predicted peak compressive strength and stress-strain curves have good agreement with the corresponding values measured for the confined columns. Then, the mechanical properties of the active and passive specimens such as the concrete-steel interaction, longitudinal and hoop stresses of the steel tube, confining pressure applied to the concrete core, and compressive stress-strain curves were analyzed. Furthermore, a parametric study was performed to explore the effects of the concrete compressive strength, steel tube diameter-to-wall thickness ratio, and prestressing level on the compressive behavior of the STCC columns. The results indicate that reducing or removing the interfacial shear stress in the active and passive specimens leads to an increase in the hoop stress and confining pressure, while the longitudinal stress along the steel tube height experiences a decrease. Moreover, prestressing via the presented method is capable of improving the compressive behavior of STCC columns.