• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.35-44
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• 2011

Advances in science and technology have made a lot of changes in our life. Especially, sensors have used in various ways to monitor in real time and analyze the world effectively. Traditional sensor networks, however, have used their own protocols and architecture so it had to be paid a lot of additional cost. In the past 8 years, OGC and ISO have been formulating standards and protocols for the geospatial Sensor Web. Although the OGC SWE initiatives have deployed some components, attempts have been made to access sensor data. All spatial operations had to calculate on the client side because traditional SOS architecture did not consider spatial operation for GeoSensor. As a result, clients have to implement and run spatial operations, and it caused a lot of overload on them and decreased approachableness. In this paper we propose S-SOS for in-situ and moving GeoSensor that extends 52 North SOS and provides spatialFilter and spatialFinder operations. The proposed S-SOS provides an architecture that does not need to edit already deployed SOSs and can add spatial operations as occasion. Additionally we explain how to express the spatial queries and to be used effectively for various location based services.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.113-124
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• 2010

In this study, the hybrid authorization quotation technique is based on the device ID for the integrity of the source region guarantee of user certificate, in order to improve the convenience and security for user in the hybrid PKI certificate Mechanism for authentication. The feature of the model in which it is presented from this paper is 5. First, because the user can select the policy himself in which it matches with each authentication situation and security level, the convenience can be improved. Second, the integrity of the source region of the user certificate can be guaranteed through the comparison of the DLDI Key, that is the hash-value of the device ID. Third, the security can be improved by continuously changing an encoding, and the value of the key in which it decodes through the EOTP Key. Fourth, the index value is added to a certificate, and the storage of a certificate is possible at the Multi-Device. Fifth, since the addi the inan aratus for the integrity of the source region guarantee of a certificate is not needed, the authentication process time can be reduced and the computational load of the certificate server can be reduced also.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.101-109
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• 2011

Climate change affects all components of the global environment system and, in turn, all components mutually interact and affect climate change through non-linear feedback processes. It is thus necessary to study the interaction between the climate and the environment, in order to comprehensively understand and predict climate and environment change. However, current relevant systems are limited to particular areas and do not sufficiently support the mutual linking of research studies. Therefore, this study develops prototype a GIS based integrated DB management system for supporting the climate and environment data storage, management and distribution. The integrated DB management system was developed using VB.NET languages and ArcObjects component. First, considering the demands of climate environment experts, the study areas are selected and the methods of data management and utilization were defined. In addition, a location-based GIS DB was created in order to aid in understanding climate change through visual representation. Finally, the integrated DB management system provides an efficient data management and distribution data and it creates synergistic effect on climate and environment study. It also contributes significantly to the comprehensive diagnosis and prediction of climate change and environment systems.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.147-157
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• 2017

Recently, ICT Retail Convergence(IRC) has been rapidly increasing to improve consumer satisfaction and consumer experience. In this paper, we aim to diagnose IRC from consumers' point of view by reviewing the present status and value of IRC according to consumer purchase decision making process. Based on the previous studies in retail industry, we classified IRC into 4 types: Experience-specific tech(Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality); Information-specific tech(Artificial Intelligence and Big Data); Location-based tech(Radio Frequency Identification and Beacon); Payment-related tech(Fin-tech and Biometrics). Next, we found that there is a difference in value provided to consumers according to the type of technology, analysing the value by consumer purchase decision making process. This study can be useful to introduce IRC for improving consumer satisfaction as well as ICT and Retail. Also, it can be basic data for future technology studies with a consumer perspective.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.101-111
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• 2017

This study propose a method to predict the bus arrival time by considering the signal delay time which is an element which can not be considered in the current bus arrival prediction information generation algorithm. In order to consider the signal delay time, travel time is divided into three components: service time, cruising travel time, and signal delay time. Signal delay time was estimated using intersection arrival time and TOD. The results show that most of the errors that occurred in predicting the arrival time are within about 30 seconds. Some of the estimates have large errors due to the nature of this methodology that uses the estimated value of the intersection arrival time rather than the observation value. It is also difficult to predict the arrival time of the express buses using this method. Future studies such as improving this through real-time location information will greatly improve the accuracy of the methodology.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.1817-1821
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• 2010

본 연구에서의 지리정보시스템(GIS)을 이용한 사방댐 입지선정모델 개발은 산사태 발생 예측을 위한 사면안정성 평가 기준을 개발하여 사방댐 지점을 선정하기 위하여 체계적으로 표준화된 시스템을 구축하는 것이 목표이며, 2002년 태풍 '루사'와 2003년 태풍 '매미'에 의하여 토석류와 산사태가 발생한 서부경남 지역의 38개 지점에 대하여 항공사진 수집 및 현장조사를 수행하고, 산사태 발생에 관계되는 강우, 지형, 지질 및 토양, 임상 등을 인자로서 규정하였다. 연구결과 서부경남지역에서 발생한 산사태는 지리산, 가야산, 좌굴산 등 EL. 500m 이상의 비교적 고도가 높은 산악지역에서 지형성 집중호우에 의하여 발생하는 것으로 분석되었으며, 강우량과 산사태의 상관분석결과 시강우량 70mm 이상 및 누가강우량 230mm 이상에서 산사태의 발생빈도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 산사태 발생지점에서의 고도(평균해수면 기준)와 능선의 고도와의 비를 백분율로 계산하여 빈도를 살펴보면 산사태 발생지점이 능선의 90% 이상의 고도에서 산사태의 발생빈도가 53%로 가장 높고, 80-90%는 21%, 70-80% 16%의 순으로 산사태 발생빈도가 감소하고 있으며, 고도가 더욱 낮아져 산사태 발생지점이 60% 이하로 내려가면 산사태 발생빈도는 급격히 감소한다. 예를 들어 능선의 고도가 1000m일 경우 900m 이상의 고도(90% 이상)에서 산사태 발생빈도가 가장 높고 600m 이하의 고도(70% 이하)에서는 발생빈도가 급격히 저하하는 것으로 나타났다. 산사태 발생지점의 표면 굴곡도에 따른 산사태의 발생빈도는 대부분의 평행사면에서 74%, 약간 오목사면에서 26%가 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 각 지구의 지질 및 토양별 산사태 발생빈도는 화성암계열의 지질 및 자갈/암괴 섞인 토사의 토양에서 발생하는 것으로 분석되었고, $34-40^{\circ}$ 사면경사에서 40%, $26-34^{\circ}$ 사면경사에서 26%, $26^{\circ}$ 이하의 사면경사에서 22%가 주로 발생하였으며, $40^{\circ}$ 이상의 높은 사면경사에서는 극히 미미하였다. 또한 임상 기준으로는 침엽수림에서 주로 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 이상의 결과를 기초로 매우 안정, 안정, 부분적 안정, 불안정, 매우 불안정, 위험 지역으로 구분하고, 평가한 결과는 불안정 33개소, 매우 불안정 5개소 등 38개소 지점 모두에 사방댐 설치가 필요한 것으로 분석되었다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.781-793
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• 2014

A Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) is security standards to manage and use public key cryptosystem. A PKI is used to provide digital signature, authentication, public key encryption functionality on insecure channel, such as E-banking and E-commerce on Internet. A soft-token private key in PKI is leaked easily because it is stored in a file at standardized location. Also it is vulnerable to a brute-force password attack as is protected by password-based encryption. In this paper, we proposed a new method that detects private key compromise and is probabilistically secure against a brute-force password attack though soft-token private key is leaked. The main idea of the proposed method is to use a genuine signature key pair and (n-1) fake signature key pairs to make an attacker difficult to generate a valid signature with probability 1/n even if the attacker found the correct password. The proposed method provides detection and notification functionality when an attacker make an attempt at authentication, and enhances the security of soft-token private key without the additional cost of construction of infrastructure thereby extending the function of the existing PKI and SSL/TLS.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Oriental Medical Informatics
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.82-129
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• 2011

"Beijijiufa" is a medical book republished by Sun Ju Qing in 1245. He compiled this book having added "Qizhumajiufa" and "Zhugejingyanbeijiyaofang" to the contents of "Beijijiufa" authored by Wen Ren Qi Nian. In "Beijijiufa" the author described treatment methods making use of moxibustion methods in connection with 22 cases of acute diseases. The author had collected the moxibustion methods used to treat acute diseases, which had been practiced by the medical practitioners of many generations, and quoted total 13 medical men's practices. In the book, the greatest parts of details were quoted especially from the writings of Sun Si Miao and Ge Hong, and this shows that the medical philosophies of both Sun Si Miao and Ge Hong were reflected onto "Beijijiufa". He had differed on his moxibustion practice: the size of moxa wool, the number of moxibustion treatment, and method of moxibustion for male and female were differed from one another according to the disease. As to the area of moxibustion, he chose the body parts around under four limbs and joints, and mostly used extraordinary acupoints rather than twelve main meridians. In his descriptions of finding meridian points, he did not describe it by its specific name of the reaction point, but explained the location of moxibustion points in detail through pictures. "Qizhumajiufa" is related to moxibustion method and prescriptions to treat surgical diseases, like skin boils or furuncle on the back, etc. He easily explained the method to find the meridian points for moxibustion treatment by using particular way through diagrams and pictures. Eight prescriptions he used were the collections among the historical practices of medical practitioners of many generations for skin boils which showed excellent therapeutic actions. In "Zhugejingyanbeijiyaofang", there are prescribed for 36 disease, also is the records of treatment methods for medical emergency which would be encountered easily in everyday life. As to therapeutic remedies, varied treatment methods, including the treatment by means of pasting and attaching medicinal substance to the spot, the treatment by means of mixing medicinal substance with alcoholic beverage, cleansing method, smoke inhalation remedy etc. were introduced. In "Beijijiufa" moxibustion was regarded as a top priority for treatment of acute disease, and the author strived to present remedies to the readers as easily as possible through 19 pictures. Regarding prescriptions, the author introduced diverse treatment methods with respect to various disease symptoms, and described the method to treat disease symptoms making use of medicinal ingredients which can easily be found in daily life. Likewise, "Beijijiufa" compiled by Sun Ju Qing was intended for clinical practice, and was indeed a medical book having been utilized for treatment of acute diseases in those days.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.349-358
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• 2005

False sharing is a result of co-location of unrelated data in the same unit of memory coherency, and is one source of unnecessary overhead being of no help to keep the memory coherency in multiprocessor systems. Moreover. the damage caused by false sharing becomes large in proportion to the granularity of memory coherency. To reduce false sharing in a page-based DSM system, it is necessary to allocate unrelated data objects that have different access patterns into the separate shared pages. In this paper we propose call-site tracing-based shared memory allocator. shortly CSTallocator. CSTallocator expects that the data objects requested from the different call-sites may have different access patterns in the future. So CSTailocator places each data object requested from the different call-sites into the separate shared pages, and consequently data objects that have the same call-site are likely to get together into the same shared pages. We use execution-driven simulation of real parallel applications to evaluate the effectiveness of our CSTallocator. Our observations show that by using CSTallocator a considerable amount of false sharing misses can be additionally reduced in comparison with the existing techniques.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.16D no.3
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• pp.307-316
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• 2009

In this paper, the spatiotemporal data mining methodology for detecting a cycle of power consumption pattern with the change of time and spatial was proposed, and applied to the power consumption data collected by GIS-AMR system with an aim to use its resulting knowledge in real world applications. First, partial clustering method was applied for cluster analysis concerned with the aim of customer's power consumption. Second, the patterns of customer's power consumption data which contain time and spatial attribute were detected by 3D cube mining method. Third, using the calendar pattern mining method for detection of cyclic patterns in the various time domains, the meanings and relationships of time attribute which is previously detected patterns were analyzed and predicted. For the evaluation of the proposed spatiotemporal data mining, we analyzed and predicted the power consumption patterns included the cycle of time and spatial feature from total 266,426 data of 3,256 customers with high power consumption from Jan. 2007 to Apr. 2007 supported by the GIS-AMR system in KEPRI. As a result of applying the proposed analysis methodology, cyclic patterns of each representative profiles of a group is identified on time and location.