• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.743-750
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• 2019

Most of the water supply facilities that use rivers as sources do not have monitoring facilities such as precipitation and stream flow measurement, and there is no judgment standard for drought response such as water intake control in river flow during dry season. In addition, it was confirmed that local government officials, who deal with actual drought work, have limitations in applying the drought index (SPI, PDSI, etc.) and diffusion models that have been proposed so far in advance. Therefore, in this study, the drought prediction system was constructed to determine the number of water-intake available days using SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) and the water supply network from the intake source to the beneficiary area, suggesting the drought spreading time and space.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.44 no.7
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• pp.74-82
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• 2002

There are two major operation and management (O & M) systems in Korea, one by the Korea Agricultural and Rural Infrastructure Corporation (KARICO), a government corporation, and the other by non-KARICO, which includes Irrigation associations (IAs) and individual farmers under the supervision of city or county authorities. Main issues and constraints in the irrigation facility management are: (1) The dual system of the irrigation water management system; management by KARICO and that by IAs, and (2) From the commencement of KAICO in 2000, farmers were exempted from water charge. This is opposite to the international trend, which follows' user pay principle: Main specific strategies to improve irrigation management system are: (1) Introduction of water metering for water charge as well as water conservation, (2) Adoption of demand-oriented irrigation rather than supply-oriented to reduce waste of water, (3) To augment farmer's participation by forming water user associations, (4) To maintain consistency of government policy, (5) To promote roles of local governments, and (6) To reestablish the role of KARICO.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.131-149
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• 1995

The object of this study is to suggest some alternatives for environmental management towards sustainable urban development of Chongju city in Korea. This study analyses urban environmental indicators (population density, land use, road, park, car, etc.), level of air and water pollution and solids waste generation by comparing Chongju city and other large cities. Some alternatives towards sustainable development in Chongju city would be summerized and suggested as higher concentrated land use(compact city), mixed land use, supply of mass transit, establishment of regional environmental standards, total emission regulation of air and water pollutants, the preparation of Local Agenda21 of Chongju, and the introduction of strategic environmental assessment(SEA) into environmental impact assessment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Environment and Ecology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.23-29
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• 2003

It has been declared in 1992 at Rio about the management of united water control and method of the management of the water resources at the water basin. And it was also mentioned about the protection of fresh water's quality and it's supply under chapter the 18th of the agenda 21. It has been 10years passed after Rio declaration, and water crisis Is getting more serious than before. Fairly, right for using water resources was given to every life as the public resources. But at the last world water forum, water was commercialized, and regulated as the basic requirement not basic right. Therefore, we could use the water according to the logic of supply and demand at the market, and with money. Furthermore, construction of the big dam which was build to solve the problem of the lack of water became one of problems for water control. Korea is keeping consistent policy such as providing water by the building of dam. Control of the water demand is the most basic and effective policy for the preservation of water resources. If we change the policy such as the construction of the dam, we should put the management of the water demand in the center with the reliable philosophy. United management of the river basin has to be made with the security of water, improvement of water quality, and protection of the ecological side each other. Management of water basin also has to be completed to solve the trouble caused by using water conflict people who live up and down stream. To maintain the good quality of water, management of water basin is necessary. Also, bottom line of the united management of water basin is voluntary involvement of every citizens and local community. We suggest to preserve the origin of river and the upper at the ecological side. It is worth it to preserve.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

In Korea, water supply capacity and facility investments had been emphasized around the 1980s. The water pricing have gained focuses in water policy since the 1990s. This study analyzes a water demand and estimates the relation of water demand and other socio-economic variable, using econometric models on the city of Busan. Water price and income are two key elements to explain water demand. Modeling approach using translog function provides better results, and water demand responds positively to population and income. Energy and water prices are negative factors in deciding water demand. It is requested that water pricing needs to reflect more production costs. Alternative approaches such as water saving facilities by household and use of digital water information should be emphasized for efficient water management in a local community.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.55 no.12
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• pp.999-1009
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• 2022

The Chuncheon Mullori area is an underprivileged area for water welfare that does not have a local water supply system. Here, water is supplied to the village by using a small-scale water supply facility that uses underground water and underground water as the source. To solve the problem of water shortage during drought and to prepare for the increasing water demand, a sand dam was installed near the valley river, and this facility has been operating since May 2022. In this study, in order to evaluate the reliability of water supply when a sand dam is assumed during a drought in the past, groundwater runoff simulation results using MODFLOW were used to generate inflow data from 2011 to 2020, an unmeasured period. After performing SWAT-K basin hydrologic modeling for the watershed upstream of the existing water intake source and the sand dam, the groundwater runoff was calculated, and the relative ratio of the monthly groundwater runoff for the previous 10 years to the monthly groundwater runoff in 2021 was obtained. By applying this ratio to the 2021 inflow time series data, historical inflow data from 2011 to 2020 were generated. As a result of analyzing the availability of water supply during extreme drought in the past for three cases of demand 20 m³/day, 50 m³/day, and 100 m³/day, it can be confirmed that the reliability of water supply increases with the installation of sand dams. In the case of 100 m³/day, it was analyzed that the reliability exceeded 90% only when the existing water intake source and the sand dam were operated in conjunction. All three operating conditions were evaluated to satisfy 50 m³/day or more of demand based on 95% reliability of water supply and 30 m³/day or more of demand based on 99% of reliability.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.513-524
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• 2020

Objective: The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the environmental and biological exposure of local residents who consumed arsenic-contaminated drinking water for less than one year. Methods: As a part of water quality inspections for small-scale water supply facilities, surveys were conducted of residents of two villages that exceeded the arsenic threshold for drinking water. The environmental impact survey consisted of surveys on water quality, soil, and crops in the surveyed area. Biological monitoring was performed by measuring the separation of arsenic species in urine and total arsenic in hair. Results: In the results of biological monitoring, the concentrations of AsIII and AsV were 0.08 and 0.16 ㎍/L, respectively. MMA and DMA were 0.87 and 36.19 ㎍/L. There was no statistically significant difference between the group who drank arsenic-removed groundwater or water from the small-scale supply facility and the group who drank tap water, purified water, or commercial bottled water. Some of the water samples exceeded the arsenic threshold for drinking water. There were no samples in the soil or rice that exceeded the acceptable threshold. Conclusion: In the case of short-term exposure to arsenic-contaminated drinking water for less than one year, there were no significant problems of concern from the evaluation of biological monitoring after arsenic was removed.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.195-200
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• 2009

In this paper, we verified the reliability through local examination by introducing a wired network that is operated at the local waterworks to wireless LAN based Wi-Fi network. The adopted wireless network compared to the existing wired network through saving cost and reducing breakdown points have been proven to be effective qualitatively and quantitatively. This study proved that wireless networks could be introduced for the advancement of operations management of existing metropolitan water supply and the local waterworks that are operating currently.

• 전기의세계
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.8-13
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• 1976

The industrial processes have become complicated on a large scale bacause of improvement of productivity, research of efficiency, and shortage of locations to be suited for foundation of factories. Consequently, the instrumentation and control systems for operating these industrial processes have also been highly improved with the development of mass information means. In order to operate these large-sized and complicated industrial processes safely, the man-machine interface for correspondence between man and machines and the instrumentation system regarding process fault processing are playing an important role increasingly. This paper describes recent instrumentation system in the water purifying plant as an example of these industrial processes, and covers both man-machine interface and process fault processing. The annual water supply quantity and diffusion were 2, 000, 000, 000m$^{3}$ and 25.0% in 1950 inJapan, but they amounted to 12, 000, 000, 000m$^{3}$ and 86.7% in 1974, respectively. The demands of water will increase incessantly, while it becomes gradually difficult to secure water sources. Accordingly, local self-governing bodies such as municipal cooperation, towns, and villages often construct a large-scale water purifying plant at one place in common, as required, without constructing respective plants independently. It is an absolute requirement for the water purifying plant to avoid stopping water supply to fullfil its social responsibility from the viewpoints of its public utility enterprise, and also it has gradually become difficult to secure skilled operators enough to cover such water purifying plants that are additionally provided in various districts. Thus, the importance of the man-machine interface for assuring safety operation of the water purifying plant irrespective of unskillfulness of operators as well as the instrumentation system regarding process fault processing, or, safety instrumentation, is more and more increasing as the water purifying plants are on a large scale.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.277-286
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• 2014

Water discolouration and increased turbidity in the local water service distribution network occurred from hydraulic incidents such as drastic changes of flow and pressure at large consumer. Hydraulic incidents impose extra shear stresses on sediment layers in the network, leading to particle resuspension. Therefore, real time measuring instruments were installed for monitoring the variation of water flow, pressure, turbidity and particulates on a hydrant in front of the inlet point of large apartment complex. In this study, it is attempted to establish a more stable water supply plan and to reduce complaints from customers about water quality in a district metering area. To reduce red or black water, the water flow monitoring and control systems are desperately needed in the point of the larger consumers.