• 제목/요약/키워드: Local cooling

검색결과 347건 처리시간 0.023초

A Numerical Study on Cavitation Suppression Using Local Cooling

  • Zhang, Yuan-Yuan;Sun, Xiao-Jing;Huang, Dian-Gui
    • International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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    • 제3권4호
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    • pp.292-300
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    • 2010
  • This study strives to develop an effective strategy to inhibit cavitation inception on hydrofoils by using local cooling technique. By setting up a temperature boundary condition and cooling a small area on the upper surface of a hydrofoil, the fluid temperature around the cooling surface will be decreased and thereby the corresponding liquid saturation pressure will drop below the lowest absolute pressure within the flow field. Hence, cavitation can never occur. In this paper, a NACA0015 hydrofoil at $4^{\circ}$ angle of attack was numerically investigated to verify the effectiveness of the proposed technique. The CFD results indicate that the cooling temperature and the cooling surface roughness are the critical factors affecting the success of such technique used for cavitation suppression.

근권부 국부 냉방이 토마토 묘 생육에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Root-zone Local Cooling on Seedling Growth of Tomato)

  • 김은지;황현승;주세훈;나해영
    • 생물환경조절학회지
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    • 제31권4호
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    • pp.286-291
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    • 2022
  • 본 연구는 근권부 냉방이 토마토 육묘 시 묘 생육에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 수행되었다. 생장상 하부 파이프 냉방을 이용하여 근권부 온도를 20℃와 25℃로 설정하여 실험을 수행하였다. 전 생육기간동안 초장, 근장, 엽수는 두 온도 처리구간 차이를 보이지 않았다. 엽면적, 지상부와 지하부의 생체중 및 건물중, 엽록소 함량은 파종 28일 경과 시 25℃ 처리구가 더 높았으며, 실험 종료 시 두 처리구 간 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 이상의 결과로 근권부 온도 20℃와 25℃에서 토마토 생육 차이를 확인하지 못했다. 따라서, 본 연구는 고온기 토마토 묘 생산 시 온실 냉방 효율을 높이기 위한 국부 냉방 기술 확립에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이다.

The combined effect of extraoral vibratory stimulus and external cooling on pain perception during intra-oral local anesthesia administration in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

  • Tirupathi, Sunny Priyatham;Nanda, Neethu;Pallepagu, Sneha;Malothu, Sardhar;Rathi, Nilesh;Chauhan, Rashmi Singh;Priyanka, VakaJeevan;Basireddy, Rameshreddy
    • Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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    • 제22권2호
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    • pp.87-96
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    • 2022
  • This study aimed to assess the combined use of extraoral vibratory stimulation and extraoral cooling in reducing the pain (subjective and objective) of dental local anesthesia administration in children. PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Ovid SP databases were searched up to July 2021. Article titles were screened and full-text evaluations of the selected articles were performed. Finally, seven studies (391 children, aged 4 - 12 years) were included in this qualitative and quantitative analysis. The pooled data determined the combined effect of extraoral vibration and extraoral cooling as a single measure. Extraoral vibration or cooling alone were not compared. The measured primary and secondary outcomes were pain perception and subjective and objective pain, respectively. When compared with the control, extraoral vibration and cooling resulted in significant differences in the mean combined data for the variables, pain perception, and pain reaction. Children's subjective pain as measured by pain scores were reduced when extraoral vibration and cooling was used during local anesthesia administration (mean difference -3.52; 95% confidence interval [-5.06 - 1.98]) and objective pain (mean difference -1.46; 95% confidence interval [-2.95 - 0.02] ; mean difference -1.93; 95% confidence interval [-3.72 - 0.14]). Within the confines of this systematic review, there is low-quality evidence to support the use of combined extraoral vibration and cooling for reducing pain (subjective and objective) during intraoral local anesthesia administration in children.

터빈 블레이드 선단에서의 샤워헤드 막냉강 - 국소분사율 측정 및 유동의 가시화 - (Shower-Head Film Cooling on the Leading Edge of a Turbine Blade: Measurements of Local Blowing Ratio and Flow Visualizations)

  • 정철희;이상우
    • 대한기계학회논문집B
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    • 제23권3호
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    • pp.419-430
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    • 1999
  • Measurements of local blowing ratio and ammonia-diazo flow visualizations have been conducted for a shower-head film cooling on a first-stage turbine stator. In this study, six rows of normal holes are drilled symmetrically on the semicircular leading edge of a simulated blunt body. The measurements show that for an average blowing ratio based on freestream velocity, M, of 0.5, local average mass flow rate through the first two rows of the holes is less than those through the second and third two rows of the holes, and the fraction of mass flow rate through the first two rows to total mass flow rate has a tendency to increase with the increment of M. The flow visualizations reveal that the injection through the first two row results in inferior film coverage even In the case of M = 0.5, meanwhile the row of holes situated at farther downstream location provides higher film-cooling performances for all tested M. This is because film-cooling effectiveness depends on local mainflow velocity at the hole location as well as the mass flow rate through each row.

희박 분무영역에서의 분무냉각 막비등 열전달에 관한 연구 (Study on Film Boiling Heat Transfer of Spray Cooling in Dilute Spray Region)

  • 김영찬
    • 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한기계학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
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    • pp.1481-1486
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    • 2004
  • This report presents experimental results on the heat transfer coefficients in the boiling region of spray cooling for actual metallurgical process. In this study, the heat flux distribution of a two dimensional dilute spray impinging on hot plate was experimentally investigated. Based on the experimental results, they classified the heat transfer area into the stagnation region and wall-flow region. In the stagnation region, the local heat transfer coefficient relates mainly to the droplet-flow-rate supplied from spray nozzle directly, so the local heat transfer coefficients is good agreement with the predicted values from correlation for spray cooling proposed by former report However, the local heat transfer coefficient in wall-flow region is larger than predicted values, and it is found that the rebounding droplets-flow-rate must be accurately evaluated to predict the local heat transfer coefficient in this region.

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분무냉각에 의한 강판 열처리과정에 있어서 열전달분포의 측정 (Measurements of Heat Transfer Distribution in Spray Cooling of Hot Steel Plate .)

  • 김영찬;유갑종;서태원
    • 설비공학논문집
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    • 제12권10호
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    • pp.886-893
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    • 2000
  • A good understanding of the heat transfer distribution is very important to suppress the deformation of steel products. In this study, the local heat transfer coefficients are experimentally investigated to understand the heat transfer distribution of thick steel plates with even flat spray nozzle. The steel slabs are cooled down from the initial temperature of about $1000^{\circ}C$ , and the local heat transfer coefficients and surface temperatures are calculated from the measured temperature-time history. The results show that the local heat transfer coefficients of spray cooling are dominated by the local droplet flow rate, and in proportion to becoming more distant from the center of heat transfer surface, the local heat transfer coefficients decrease with the decrease of the local droplet flow rate.

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Al-7wt%Si-0.3wt%Mg 합금의 응고 및 미세조직에 미치는 Sr 첨가와 금형예열온도의 영향 (The Effect of Sr Addition and Mold Preheating Temperature on the Solidification and Microstructure of Al-7wt%Si-0.3wt%Mg Alloy)

  • 권일수;김경민;윤의박
    • 한국주조공학회지
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    • 제17권6호
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    • pp.608-614
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    • 1997
  • The effect of mold preheating temperature on the microstructure such as grain size, eutectic silicon morphology was investigated for the Al-7wt%Si-0.3wt%Mg alloy. Microstructural variations have been characterized as a function of Sr addition and cooling rate during solidification. Microstructures were correlated with cooling rate, local solidification time and eutectic nucleation temperature, etc. In this study, Sr addition caused increase of local solidification time, undercooling and reduction of eutectic plateau temperature. In logarithmic scale, local solidification time was in inverse proportion to cooling rate. Eutectic nucleation temperature was in inverse proportion to cooling rate of logarithmic scale. Increasing the cooling rate refined dendrite arm spacing and eutectic silicon. Dendrite arm spacing was logarithmically in inverse proportion to cooling rate. Without modifier addition, eutectic silicon was modified at cooling rate of $7^{\circ}C/s$ or higher.

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고온환경 하에서 착용하는 인체냉각 보조도구로서의 Cooling Vest 연구(1) -Local Cooling에 따른 인체의 온열생리학적 특성- (Efficacy of Cooling Vest for Auxiliary Body Cooling in Hot Environments (1) -Thermophysiological Response of Human Body in Local Cooling-)

  • 권오경;김진아;김태규
    • 한국의류산업학회지
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    • 제2권3호
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    • pp.265-271
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    • 2000
  • Heat stress results in fatigue, a decline in strength, alertness., and mental capacity. The problem is compounded when high humidity exists. To help relieve worker heat stress, many types of cooling units are marketed. While workers may experience some cooling, critical body core temperatures often continue to elevate. This study was designed to find the effects of three kinds of cooling vest with portable frozen gel strips on thermophysiological parameters and on temperature and humidity within clothing. The heart rate, rectal, and skin temperature as well as sweat rate and clothing microclimate were measured during 80 min in 5 healthy males. Inquiries were also made into the subjective rating thermal, humidity comfort, and fatigue sensations. The main findings in our experiments are as follows: (a) Physiological parameters such as rectal temperature was the lowest in garb A1, intermediate in garb A, and the highest in garb A2 throughout the experiment. And mean skin temperature was the lowest in garb A, intermediate in garb A1, and the highest in garb A2; (b) Temperature and humidity within clothing (back) were garb in Al, intermediate in garb A, and the highest in garb A2. But the temperature and humidity within clothing (chest) were garb in A, intermediate in garb A1, and the highest in garb A2; (c) Most participants (4 out of 5 persons) answered that they felt more comfortable and fatigueless in garb A1 than in garb A and A2. It is concluded that local cooling in garb A1 of the upper torso could physiological reduce the thermal strain in participants wearing cooling vest.

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신체 부위별 냉각허용한계온도에 관한 연구 (Permissible Safety Limits in Local Cooling Focused on the Parts of Human Body)

  • 황경숙;최정화;김경란
    • 한국의류학회지
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    • 제31권1호
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    • pp.119-130
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    • 2007
  • The objects of this study were to investigate responses and peculiarity during local cooling by parts of the human body and to show permissible safety limits without injurious to his health because of excessive cooling when he works hot environments. It were measured rectal temperature, skin temperature, heart rate, total body weight loss, local sweat in back and thigh, clothing microclimate and subjective sensation on 8 subjects and cooling parts were head, neck, chest, abdomen, back, waist, hip, upper arm, forearm, hand, thigh, calf and foot. According to above-mentioned the first experiment, we chose permissible safety limits by parts of the human body for one hour. In the second experiment, it was showed permissible safety limits by parts which examined their safety about health through 4 hours cooling test on 3 subjects. The results are as follows: 1. As a result of the first experiment, we chose permissible safety limits by parts, as follows, head $25^{\circ}C$, neck $20^{\circ}C$, chest $27^{\circ}C$, abdomen $25^{\circ}C$, back $20^{\circ}C$, waist $20^{\circ}C$, upper arm $20^{\circ}C$, forearm $20^{\circ}C$, hand $23^{\circ}C$, thigh $20^{\circ}C$, calf $20^{\circ}C$ and foot $23^{\circ}C$ in $37^{\circ}C$, 50%R.H. environment for 1 hour. 2. As a result of the second experiment, cooling on these safety limits temperatures except chest didn't have a bad effect on health. So it was proved that right permissible safety limits of chest was $28^{\circ}C$. From these results, it has been suggested that skin temperature didn't fall below permissible safety limits when human body was to be cool by parts.

냉각수 온도에 따른 수분류 충돌제트의 열전달 특성 연구 (Effect of Cooling Water Temperature on Heat Transfer Characteristics of Water Impinging Jet)

  • 이정호;유청환;도규형
    • 열처리공학회지
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    • 제23권5호
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    • pp.249-256
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    • 2010
  • Water jet impingement cooling has been widely used in a various engineering applications; especially in cooling of hot steel plate of steelmaking processes and heat treatment in hot metals as an effective method of removing high heat flux. The effects of cooling water temperature on water jet impingement cooling are primarily investigated for hot steel plate cooling applications in this study. The local heat flux measurements are introduced by a novel experimental technique that has a function of high-temperature heat flux gauge in which test block assemblies are used to measure the heat flux distribution during water jet impingement cooling. The experiments are performed at fixed flow rate and fixed nozzle-to-target spacing. The results show that effects of cooling water temperature on the characteristics of jet impingement heat transfer are presented for five different water temperatures ranged from 5 to $45^{\circ}C$. The local heat flux curves and heat transfer coefficients are also provided with respect to different boiling regimes.