• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2005년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2005
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• pp.717-720
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• 2005

Recently as large sized urban development and the city ward drifting of population are caused, the urban surface temperature is raised very seriously and rapidly. These artificial developments have destroyed the inner and outer landscapes such as topography and have changed complex local climate such as a sudden rise in temperature, the change of wind field and air pollution. In order to clarify this problem visually, the studies on extracting the thermal infrared and the characteristic analysis of local climate in urban area had been performed by using the sixth band of Landsat TM and ETM+. However, there is a need to alternate Landsat TM and ETM+ because these satellite images are not applied any more. Therefore, in this paper it is proposed to use 2 Aster image (2004.4.17 daily 2b03, 2004.10.10 night 2b03) of EOS AM and to extract the surface temperature. Also, the pattern of surface temperature in urban area and the application possibility in local climate study are proposed by verifying the correlation with A WS data. Also, IKONOS image was used to figure out the artificial development area in visual.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.398-411
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• 1992

The characteristics of local climate in the vicinity of Duckyang Bay have been investigated with the analysis of the surface observation data of Gohug District and the aerological data of Kwangju. In principal features of local climate, the annual range in temperature appeared identical with the mean value(24~$25^{\circ}C$) of the south coastal area, and evaporation from April to September was likely less than precipitation. The average speed of surface wind in Summer seemed higher than in other seasons on account of wea breeze. Relative humidity was 74%, annual average. In the mean cloud cover Summer(6.4) showed greater deal of amount than Winter(4.2). Duration of sunshine was the longest in May(268.4hrs), while the shortest in February(188.4hrs). The amount of the precipitable water was the greatest in July, whereas the least in January, and in Summer the greatest, in Autumn the second greatest, and in Spring the third greatest, and in Winter the least in consideration of seasonal orders. The Summer deviation was most remarkable around all sides. The direction of vector wind appeared the most changeable on the earth surface. At an altitude of 300mb all the winds blew west around all months. Moreover, water vapor transport was measured to be the greatest in Summer; while the least in Winter. So was the deviation of water vapor transport. And lastly frequency of occurrence of days in which a little cloud appeared(less than 5/10) was high except for Summer, when northerly winds blew; while frequency of occurrence of day plenty of clouds floated was outstandingly high at the time of strong southerly winds.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2015

Purpose: Healthcare is on the whole a personal and critical service that consumer's use, whereas hospitalization is as a rule painful, because nature nurtures and Sun Light Luminosity for healthcare settings is considered healing. The performance and design of climate responsive buildings such as AKU requires a detailed study of attributes of climate both at micro as well as macro level. The therapeutic value of contact with nature through window view, greenery and landscape is calculated there. Method: A two prong strategy is been devised for this article, at micro level three typical morphologies are analysed by creating same environment of neighboring building on sun shading chart, radiation and temperature range. Since the analysis of local climate helps to determine the design strategies for hospital Healing Environment which is suitable for Karachi climate; in order to track the macro climatic behaviour, a considerable analysis of psychometrics chart for AKU Karachi are designed on Climate Consultant (CC) and analysed by Machine Learning. Climate Consultant proposes different design strategies suitable for Karachi. And on the other hand time wise illumination sources for clinical area which are then measured on psychrometric chart- according to singular space: multi patient admission, secondly: acute ambulatory ward, and tertiary: multi windowed space according to the mushrabiyah and sky light pattern. Result: Our findings support the hypothesis that windowed wall is 75-80% more healing wall; an accelerated evidence was found for healing at macro level if the form of the hospital is designed according to the climatologically preferences, whereas at micro level: the light resource becomes the staff attentiveness determinant. In Conclusion evidence was provided that the actual form of luminosity results consequently in satisfaction while light entering from several set of windows and other sources might be valued if design according to the healing environment. The data added on the sun shading chart to calculate rays entraining into space in patient room equal to 124416.21 Watts/ meter $m^2$ is calculated as precise healing rate-and is confirmed by questionnaire from patients belonging from each clinical stage having different illnesses.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.677-693
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• 2013

IPCC showed that calculation of climate vulnerability index requires standardization process of various proxy variables for the estimation of climate exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. In this study, four different methodologies of standardization methods: Z-score, Rescaling, Ranking, and Distance to the reference country, are employed to evaluate climate vulnerability-VRI (Vulnerability-Resilience Indicator) over Korean peninsula, and the error ranges of VRI, arising from employing the different standardization are estimated. All of proxy variables are provided by CCGIS (Climate Change adaptation toolkit based on GIS) which hosts information on both past and current socio-economic data and climate and environmental IPCC SRES (A2, B1, A1B, A1T, A1FI, and A1 scenarios) climate data for the decades of 2000s, 2020s, 2050s, and 2100s. The results showed that Z-score and Rescaling methods showed statistically undistinguishable results with minor differences of spatial distribution, while Ranking and Distance to the reference country methods showed some possibility to lead the different ranking of VRI among South Korean provinces, depending on the local characteristics and reference province. The resultant VRIs calculated from different standardization methods showed Cronbach's alpha of more than 0.84, indicating that all of different methodologies were overall consistent. Similar horizontal distributions were shown with the same trends: VRI increases as province is close to the coastal region and/or it close toward lower latitude, and decreases as it is close to urbanization area. Other characteristics of the four different standardization are discussed in this study.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제37권5_3호
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• pp.1447-1460
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• 2021

도시화에 따른 인공피복의 증가는 도시지역의 온도가 주변 교외지역보다 높아지는 UHI (Urban Heat Island; UHI) 현상을 야기한다. 국지기후대(Local Climate Zone; LCZ)는 빌딩의 기하학적 구조와 피복특성에 따라 도시를 분류하는 체계로, UHI 분석을 위해 제안되어 현재 다양한 도시기후 연구에 활용되고 있다. 본 연구는 합성곱신경망(Convolutional Neural Network)과 Landsat 8 위성영상을 이용하여 수원시와 대구광역시의 LCZ 분류모델을 구축하였고, LCZ 지도와 Landsat 8 지표면온도(Land Surface Temperature; LST)를 이용하여 도시 구조적 특성에 따른 LST와 Surface UHI (SUHI) 강도를 분석하였다. LCZ 분류모델은 수원시와 대구광역시에 대해 각각 87.9%와 81.7%의 높은 분류 정확도를 보였다. 대구가 수원보다 전반적으로 모든 LCZ 클래스에서 LST가 높게 나타났으며 건물이 밀집할수록, 건물의 높이가 낮을수록 LST가 증가하는 공통점을 보였다. SUHI 강도는 두 도시 모두 여름철에 가장 강한 값을 가지고 봄과 가을에도 일부 LCZ 클래스를 제외하고 양의 SUHI 강도가 나타났지만 겨울에는 다수의 LCZ 클래스에서 음의 값이 나타났다. 이는 UHI가 여름철에 가장 강하게 나타나며, 겨울에는 일부 도시지역이 교외지역보다 더 차가운 현상이 나타나기도 함을 의미한다. 본 연구는 우리나라 UHI 분석에 있어 LCZ 분류체계의 활용가능성을 확인하였고, 향후 도시기후 분석 및 기후변화 대응 전략수립에 있어 도시의 구조적 특성을 고려하는데 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

• 대기
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2008

This study provides an impact assesment of climate change on energy consumption, based on active-deal scenario. This approach assumes that the amount of electric energy consumption depends on human spontaneous acts against local (REC) has ben developed by using monthly mean temperature and monthly amount of electric energy consumption in the 6 major cities over the 19-205 period. The statistical model is utilized to estimate the past and future REEC, and to assess the economic benefits and damage in energy consumption sector. For an estimation of the future REEC, climate change scenario, which is generated by National Institute of Meteorological Research, is utilized in this study. According to the model, it is estimated that over the standard period (1999~2005), there might be economic benefits of about 31 bilion Won/year in Seoul due to increasing temperature than in the 1980s. The REC is also predicted to be gradually reduced across the Korean peninsula since the 2020s. These results suggest that Korea will gain economic benefits in the REC sector during the 21st century as temperature increases under global warming scenarios.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2012

This study aims to find out a institutional base in urban planning and urban project, confronted with climate change and necessity of sustainable development in France. The establishment of Grenelle Environment Law became a start point to draw concrete effect and implement urban projects. The relation in urban policy on climate change and its concrete shape in urban projects are examined in this paper, especially focused on HQE2R criteria and Eco-Quartier projects. It provides various information on ways to improve Korea urban planning, urban revitalization and development projects, which is in similar situations and necessity in France. As shown in the case of France, for the sustainable urban development related on climate change, it is necessary of Central Government's firm and clear policy framework, as well as the institutions and organizations linked to actual process of local communities are required. In addition, through the development of indicators applicable to urban development and architectural process, objective and rational framework for planning and design standards should be established.

• 대기
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.215-223
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• 2006

Among observational, local-environmental, and large-scale factors causing significant changes in climate records, the site relocations and the replacement of the instruments are well-known nonclimatic factors for the analysis of climatic trends, climatic variability, and for the detection of anthropogenic climate change such as heat-island effect and global warming. Using dataset that were contaminated by these nonclimatic factors can affect seriously the assessment of climatic trends and variability, and the detection of the climatic change signal. In this paper, the inhomogeneities, which have been caused by relocation of the observation site, in the climate data of Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) were examined using two-phase regression model. The observations of pan evaporation and wind speed are more sensitive to site relocations than those of other meteorological elements, such as daily mean, maximum and minimum temperatures, with regardless to region.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제104권1호
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• pp.117-126
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• 2015

시군구 단위 산림통계의 사회적 필요성에도 불구하고 자료의 부족으로 인하여 현실을 반영한 산림통계 산출이 어려운 상황에 있다. 따라서, 시군구 산림 통계 산출을 위하여 해당 시군구의 국가산림자원조사 자료와 주변 지역의 자료를 함께 활용하여 통계량의 오차 수준을 감소시키고 소면적 통계량이 해당 지역 산림의 지역적 특수성을 반영할 수 있는 새로운 소면적 통계산출 방법의 개발이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 소면적 지역과 특성 구조가 유사하다는 가정을 만족하면서 통계산출을 위한 최소한의 표본점 개수를 확보하기에 적정한 공간 단위에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 그리고 산림의 지역적 특성을 결정하는 주요 요인인 기후, 토양, 수종 구성 등의 동질성을 기준으로 구획된 확장시군구 기반의 합성추정법, 시 도 단위 자료를 이용하는 기본계획구 합성추정법, 인접 시군구 자료를 이용하는 이웃시군 합성추정법을 비교하고, 이 방법들을 통해 산출된 임목축적 통계의 지역적 특성 설명력과 상위 통계와의 관계에 대한 평가를 수행했다. 그 결과, 확장시군구 합성추정법이 기본계획구 합성추정과 이웃시군 합성추정보다 지역적 특성을 보다 잘 반영하는 통계를 산출하는 것으로 평가되었다. 또한 확장시군구 합성추정법을 통해 산출된 통계량은 시도 단위로 산출된 통계량의 95% 신뢰구간 내에 포함되었으며, 이웃시군 합성추정법에 의해 산출된 결과보다 시도단위 통계량과의 차이가 적게 발생하였다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.447-474
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 다양한 지리통계학적 공간화 기법을 적용한 격자기후자료와 기상청에서 제공하는 국지예보모델(Local Data Assimilation and Prediction System, LDAPS) 격자기후자료를 비교 분석하여 남한 지역의 고해상도 격자기후지도 작성 방안을 모색하는 것이다. 2017년의 595개 기후관측자료 중, 80%의 지점자료를 이용하여 순간 온도와 1시간 누적강수량에 대한 격자기후자료를 생성하였고 나머지 117개의 지점자료를 검증에 이용하였다. ArcGIS10.3.1과 Python3.6.4을 이용하여 관측자료 및 DEM을 IDW, 공동크리깅, 크리깅에 적용한 후, 공간보간 결과를 3개 군집으로 나누어 검증하였으며 LDAPS 격자기후자료를 바탕으로 유역 별 패턴 비교를 수행하였다. 결과적으로 순간 온도의 공간화에는 고도를 부변수로 추가한 공동크리깅이, 1시간 누적강수량 공간화에는 IDW가 가장 적합하였다.