• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.191-197
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• 2016

In this paper, we investigated the hotcarrier injection (HCI) mechanism, one of the most important reliability issues, in 10 nm node Input/Output (I/O) bulk FinFET. The FinFET has much intensive HCI damage in Fin-bottom region, while the HCI damage for planar device has relatively uniform behavior. The local damage behavior in the FinFET is due to the geometrical characteristics. Also, the HCI is significantly affected by doping profile, which could change the worst HCI bias condition. This work suggested comprehensive understanding of HCI mechanisms and the guideline of doping profile in 10 nm node I/O bulk FinFET.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.499-502
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• 1999

This paper presents a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) controller embedded in a multimedia processor, called FLOVA (FLOating point VLIW Architecture), targeting for 3D graphics applications. Fast I/O interfaces are essential for multimedia processors which usually handle large amount of multimedia data. Therefore, in FLOVA, PCI bus is adopted for I/O interface due to fast burst transaction. However, there are several problems in implementation and verification to use burst transaction of PCI. It is difficult to handle data transaction between two units which have two different operating frequency. FLOVA has more higher operating frequency about 100MHz than that of PCI local bus and it makes lower utilization of FLOVA bus. Also, traditional simulation is not sufficient for verification of PCI functionality. In this paper, we propose buffering schemes to implement the PCI controller with wide bandwidth and high bus utilization. Also, this paper shows how to verify the PCI controller using real PCI bus environments before its fabrication.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.746-753
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• 2004

In this paper, the Power Management System(PMS) which based on a decision making system according to power strategy is proposed and implemented. PMS is designed to have functions of power monitoring. controlling, synchronizing load sharing and monitoring of driving engine, etc. PMS consists of the internet communication system(ICS). Remote Management System(RMS) and Sensor Driver System (SDS) ICS transmits the monitoring and supervisory data via Internet to Remote Management System(RMS) in real-time SDS detects various power system data on local generator and utility via I/O interface system. I/O interface system receives various status data and outputs control signals. Implemented PMS is tested with dummy signal to verify proposed functions and shows good results. For future study implemented PMS will be tested under real load condition to merchandize.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.598-603
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• 1990

This study evaluates the performance of an optical receiver for binary phase shift keying (BPSK) signals in the presence of short noise originating from the photo diode and phase noise of the optical source. The case of using I.O. hybrid compare with the fiber optic hybrid to mix received optical signal and laser local oscillator signal. The impact of these noise is minimized if loop natural frequency and power split ratio between data and carrier recovery branch are choosen optimally. Then it is obtained that required laser linewidt to achieve a BER of 10**-9. The results are the same except theat in case of using the fiber optic hybrid the required optical power is twice as much as the I.O. hybrid.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.10
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• pp.95-115
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• 2002

E.U(Europe Union) and I.S.O(International Standard Organization) have promoted environmental problems from an individual enterprise level to international level. E.U have practiced E.M.A.S(Environment Management Audit Scheme), they have explained environmental information to local residents by an environmental statement and they have introduced verification system by identification person. One year later, I.S.O have published ISO 14000 series by environmental audit in 1996. Modem enterprise must go well with profitability and sociality. Environmental accounting was appeared in order to agree with profitability and sociality. Environmental accounting is to solve environmental problems, to protect natural resources, to measure effect of environment, and to transmit information of environment. Accountability's theory must be based social fairness and systemic legality. We need the accountability in order to system of Environmental accounting. But the conception of environmental accounting and accountability are not defined in our country. Therefore the purpose of this study is to established the relation of environmental accounting and accountability.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2017.07a
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• pp.39-40
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 서버의 비동기 입출력(이하 I/O) 모델을 통해 더 많은 접속과 성능을 위한 패턴과 클라이언트 브라우저의 HTML 템플렛팅과 반응성 UI들의 메모리 관리 패턴을 제안한다. 본 연구는 다이어트 현황을 기록하는 저널(Journal) 서비스를 제공하는 웹 어플리케이션이다. 노드.js (Node.js)의 소켓.io (Socket.io)를 통한 비동기 push 패턴을 사용한 효율적인 I/O 성능, html5의 로컬 저장소 (Local Storage), tcp/ip 헤더의 쿠키 (Cookie), 상태를 저장하는 웹 토큰 (Json Web Token)을 통한 무상태 서버 구조로 구성되어 있다. 이로 인하여 서버 확장성 및 동시 처리, 빠른 질의 성능, 기본 네트워크 패킷 보안을 구축한다. 과한 CPU 처리를 요하는 일 중 템플릿팅은 클라이언트 브라우저에게 분담하도록 하고 효율적인 DOM 접근과 메모리 관리를 위한 싱글턴 패턴을 적극 활용하여 빠르고 즉각적인 반응성을 가진 웹 어플리케이션을 운용한다.

• Selected Papers of The Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.91-100
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• 1993

A displacement-based finite element method Is presented for the geometrically nonlinear analysis of eccentrically stiffened plates. A nonlinear degenerated shell element and a nonlinear degenerated eccentric isoparametric beam (isobeam) element are formulated on the basis of Total Agrangian and Updated Lagrangian descriptions. In the formulation of the isobeam element, some additional local decrees of freedom are implementd to describe the stiffener's local plate buckling modes. Therefore this element can be effectively employed to model the eccentric stiffener with fewer D.O.F's than the case of a degenerated shell element. Some detailed buckling and nonlinear analyses of an eccentrically stiffened plate are performed to estimate the critical buckling loads and the post buckling behaviors including the local plate buckling of the stiffeners discretized with the degenerated shell elements and the isobeam elements. The critical buckling loads are found to be higher than the analytical plate buckling load but lower than Euler buckling load of the corresponding column, i.e, buckling strength requirements of the Classification Societies for the stiffened plates.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.100 no.2
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• pp.218-225
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to estimate the economic impacts of National Natural Recreation Forests using a regional input-output (I-O) model. Based on the regional I-O transactions tables developed by Bank of Korea (2009), National Natural Recreation Forests related sectional multipliers were derived with respect to output, income, employment, and value-added. Furthermore, surveys questioned National Natural Recreation Forests visitors in order to estimate per capita expenditures. The result shows that one National Natural Recreation Forests generated 3,380 million Won of output impact, 328 million Won of income impact, 1,017 million Won of value-added impact, and 22 full-time jobs within local effect, respectively. Also, one National Natural Recreation Forests generated 687 million Won of output impact, 85 million Won of income impact, 245 million Won of value-added impact, and 6 full-time jobs outside local effect, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2012.08a
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• pp.169-169
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• 2012

The high-temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) have attached attentions because of a high superconducting transition temperature, low surface resistance, high superconducting critical current density (Jc), and superior superconducting capability under magnetic field. Moreover, the Jc of YBCO superconductors can be enhanced by adding impurities to the YBCO films for vortex-pinning. Understanding and controlling pinning centers are key factors to realize high Jc superconductors. We synthesized vertically-aligned ZnO nanorods on SrTiO3 (STO) substrates by catalyst-free metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), and subsequently, deposited YBCO films on the ZnO nanorods/STO templates using pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The various techniques were used to analyze the structural and interfacial properties of the YBCO/ZnO nanorods/STO hybrid structures. SEM, TEM, and XRD measurements demonstrated that YBCO films on ZnO nanorods/STO were well crystallized with the (001) orientation. EXAFS measurements from YBCO/ZnO nanorods/STO at Cu K edge demonstrated that the local structural properties around Cu atoms in YBCO were quite similar to those of YBCO/STO.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.317-328
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• 2024

Background/Aims: In this meta-analysis, we studied the safety and efficacy of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for colorectal dysplasia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods: Multiple databases were searched, and studies were retrieved based on pre-specified criteria until October 2022. The outcomes assessed were resection rates, procedural complications, local recurrence, metachronous tumors, and the need for surgery after ESD in IBD. Standard meta-analysis methods were followed using the random-effects model, and I²% was used to assess heterogeneity. Results: Twelve studies comprising 291 dysplastic lesions in 274 patients were included with a median follow-up of 25 months. The pooled en-bloc resection, R0 resection, and curative resection rates were 92.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 87.9%-95.4%; I²=0%), 81.5% (95% CI, 72.5%-88%; I²=43%), and 48.9% (95% CI, 32.1%-65.9%; I²=87%), respectively. The local recurrence rate was 3.9% (95% CI, 2%-7.5%; I²=0%). The pooled rates of bleeding and perforation were 7.7% (95% CI, 4.5%-13%; I²=10%) and 5.3% (95% CI, 3.1%-8.9%; I²=0%), respectively. The rates of metachronous recurrence and additional surgery following ESD were 10% (95% CI, 5.2%-18.2%; I²=55%) and 13% (95% CI, 8.5%-19.3%; I²=54%), respectively. Conclusions: ESD is safe and effective for the resection of dysplastic lesions in IBD with an excellent pooled rate of en-bloc and R0 resection.