• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.318-324
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• 2015

This paper proposes a dynamic short-term load forecasting method that utilizes a new sequential learning algorithm based on Relevance Vector Machine (RVM). The method performs general optimization of weights and hyperparameters using the current relevance vectors and newly arriving data. By doing so, the proposed algorithm is trained with the most recent data. Consequently, it extends the RVM algorithm to real-time and nonstationary learning processes. The results of application of the proposed algorithm to prediction of electrical loads indicate that its accuracy is comparable to that of existing nonparametric learning algorithms. Further, the proposed model reduces computational complexity.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.1178-1188
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• 2014

This study proposes a finite-state model predictive controller to regulate the load current and balance the DC-link capacitor voltages of a four-leg neutral-point-clamped converter. The discrete-time model of the converter, DC-link, inductive filter, and load is used to predict the future behavior of the load currents and the DC-link capacitor voltages for all possible switching states. The switching state that minimizes the cost function is selected and directly applied to the converter. The cost function is defined to minimize the error between the predicted load currents and their references, as well as to balance the DC-link capacitor voltages. Moreover, the current regulation performance is improved by using a two-step prediction horizon. The feasibility of the proposed predictive control scheme for different references and loads is verified through real-time implementation on the basis of dSPACEDS1103.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 1990년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.73-78
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• 1990

In current practice of earthquake resistant design the equivalent lateral force procedure is widely used for its simplicity and convenience. But the equivalent lateral force procedure is derived based on the assumption that the dynamic behavior of the structure is governed primarily by the fundamental vibration mode. Therefore proper prediction of dynamic responses of the structure is unreliable using the equivalent lateral force procedure when the effect of higher vibration modes on the dynamic behavior is negligible. In this study design seismic load which can reflect the effect of higher vibration modes is proposed from the point of view of proper assessment of story shears which have the major influence on the design moment of beams and columns. To evaluate the effect of higher modes, differences between the story force based on the equivalent lateral force procedure specified in current earthquake resistance building code and the one based on modal analysis using design spectrum are examined. From these results improved design seismic load for the equivalent lateral force procedure which can reflect the effect of higher vibration modes is proposed.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1993년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.724-727
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• 1993

This paper is presented real-time digital control techniques of the PWM inverter for UPS. This proposed system is based on instantaneous digital control scheme which is empolyed double dead beat control and prediction method. Especially, to supply the load current from the inverter without the computation delay, the predictive methods are used to generate the load current signal. From the simulation and experimental results, it is shown that presented scheme has good performance such as very low THD of the output voltage, and good dynamic response under the nonlinear load. The experimental implementation of the system is estabilished by using the TMS320C25 DSP.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기기기및에너지변환시스템부문B
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.116-124
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• 2002

Design and analysis of disturbance observer-based deadbeat control fur single-phase inverter applications are comprehensively presented in this paper. Load current can be estimated by disturbance observer, which is basically structured with the first order equation in this case and is regarded as a relatively simple method in comparison with conventional full-order Luenberger observer. Also, an inherent one-step delay problem appeared in the deadbeat control method is overcome by a simple prediction technique proposed. Output voltage dip is reduced by the feedforward control with the change rate of the estimated load current involved in the deadbeat current control loop. The proposed algorithms are verified by the respective simulation and experiment results.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2002년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.935-940
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• 2002

This paper presents the failure mode on Headed Bars and prediction of tensile capacity, which is governed by concrete cone failure. 17 different plate types, three different concrete strengths and three different welding types of specimens were simulated. Static tensile load was applied Headed Bars were manufactured in different areas, and their shape and thickness are based on ASTM 970-98. Calculation of embedment length in concrete is conducted based on CSA 23.3-94, and static tensile load was applied. Tested pullout capacities were compared to the values determined using current design methods such as ACI-349 and CCD method.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.721-731
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• 2006

A fast intra skip detection algorithm based on the ratedistortion (RD) cost for an inter frame (P-slices) is proposed for H.264/AVC video encoding. In the H.264/AVC coding standard, a robust rate-distortion optimization technique is used to select the best coding mode and reference frame for each macroblock (MB). There are three types of intra predictions according to profiles. These are $16{\times}16$ and $4{\times}4$ intra predictions for luminance and an $8{\times}8$ intra prediction for chroma. For the high profile, an $8{\times}8$ intra prediction has been added for luminance. The $4{\times}4$ prediction mode has 9 prediction directions with 4 directions for $16{\times}16$ and $8{\times}8$ luma, and $8{\times}8$ chrominance. In addition to the inter mode search procedure, an intra mode search causes a significant increase in the complexity and computational load for an inter frame. To reduce the computational load of the intra mode search at the inter frame, the RD costs of the neighborhood MBs for the current MB are used and we propose an adaptive thresholding scheme for the intra skip extraction. We verified the performance of the proposed scheme through comparative analysis of experimental results using joint model reference software. The overall encoding time was reduced up to 32% for the IPPP sequence type and 35% for the IBBPBBP sequence type.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2017

This paper predicts the rotordynamic force coefficients of tilting pad journal bearings (TPJBs) with ball-socket pivot and compares the predictions to the published test data obtained under load-between-pad (LBP) configuration. The present TPJB model considers the pivot stiffness calculated based on the Hertzian contact stress theory. Due to the compliance of the pivot, the predicted journal eccentricity agree well with the measured journal center trajectory for increasing static loads, while the early prediction without pivot model consideration underestimates it largely. The predicted pressure profile shows the significant pressure development even on the unloaded pads along the direction opposite to the loading direction. The predicted stiffness coefficients increase as the static load and the rotor speed increase. They agree excellently with test data from open literature. The predicted damping coefficients increase as the static load increases and the rotor speed decreases. The prediction underestimates the test data slightly. In general, the current predictive model including the pivot stiffness improves the accuracy of the rotordynamic performance predictions when compared to the previously published predictions.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.737-755
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• 2016

The load transfer depth of a ground anchor is the minimum length required to transfer the initial prestressing to the grout column through the bonded part. A thorough understanding of the mechanism of load transfer as well as accurate prediction of the load transfer depth are essential for designing an anchorage that has an adequate factor of safety and satisfies implicit economic criteria. In the current research, experimental and numerical studies were conducted to investigate the load transfer mechanism of ground anchors based on a series of laboratory and field load tests. Optical FBG sensors embedded in the central king cable of a seven-wire strand were successfully employed to monitor the changes in tensile force and its distribution along the tendons. Moreover, results from laboratory and in-situ pullout tests were compared with those from equivalent case studies simulated using the finite difference method in the FLAC 3D program. All the results obtained from the two proposed methods were remarkably consistent with respect to the load increments. They were similar not only in trend but also in magnitude and showed more consistency at higher pullout loading stages, especially the final loading stage. Furthermore, the estimated load transfer depth demonstrated a pronounced dependency on the surrounding ground condition, being shorter in hard ground conditions and longer in weaker ones. Finally, considering the safety factor and cost-effective design, the required bonded length of a ground anchor was formulated in terms of the load transfer depth.

• 정보처리학회논문지:컴퓨터 및 통신 시스템
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.47-56
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• 2015

에너지 절감형 서버 클러스터 환경에서는 서버 전원 모드가 부하상황에 따라 제어된다. 다시 말하면 현재 부하를 처리하는 데 필요한 대수의 서버들만 ON하고 나머지 서버들은 OFF한다. 이 알고리즘은 정상적인 상황에서는 잘 동작하지만 부하가 급증 또는 급감하는 비정상적인 상황에서는 QoS를 보장할 수 없다. 왜냐하면 서버가 OFF에서 ON으로 바뀌는 데 필요한 지연시간 때문에 ON 서버 대수를 당장 증가시킬 수 없기 때문이다. 본 논문에서는 정상적인 상황뿐만 아니라 비정상적인 상황에서도 QoS를 향상시키는 새로운 소비 전력 예측 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안된 예측 알고리즘은 기존 시계열 분석에 기반한 예측과 추세를 반영한 예측 조정의 두 부분으로 구성된다. 15대의 서버 클러스터를 이용하여 실험이 수행되었고, 4가지 유형의 기존의 시계열 예측 모델과 본 논문에서 제안하는 4가지 유형의 수정된 모델에 대해 성능을 비교하였다. 실험 결과 4가지 유형 중 추세조정 지수평활법(ESTA)과 본 논문에서 제안된 ESTA(MESTA)가 표준화된 QoS 및 단위전력당 좋은 응답수 측면에서 가장 우수한 성능을 보였으며, 또한 본 논문에서 제안한 MESTA 알고리즘이 기존의 ESTA 알고리즘에 비해 가상 부하패턴과 실제 부하패턴에 대해 QoS가 7.5%, 3.3% 각각 향상됨을 보여주었다.