• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2022

전 세계적으로 LMO (Living Modified Organisms)의 이용과 상업화는 지속적으로 증가하는 추세이다. 국내에서 LM 식물의 상업적 재배는 아직 이뤄지고 있지 않으나 연구개발 및 수입, 연구시설의 신고 등은 활발히 진행되고 있는 실정이다. LM 식물은 개발 및 환경위해성 평가 단계에서 온실과 야외 포장에서의 실험이 요구되나 개발 중인 단계에서는 아직 환경에 대한 안전성이 입증되지 않아 환경방출에 대한 안전관리가 요구된다. LM 식물의 개발 연구는 일반적으로 실험실, 격리온실, 격리포장에서 수행되며 각 연구 구역마다 LMO법 통합고시 등에서 안전관리 규정이 마련되어 있다. LM 식물 연구 사고사례 중 일본의 LM 페튜니아 유출 사고는 LM 식물 연구 도중 교잡 가능 거리에 있는 일반 식물은 LM 식물로 간주하여 취급되어야 함을 시사하고 있으며, 미국의 LM creeping bentgrass 유출 사례는 바람 등에 의해 종자의 산포가 용이한 LM 식물의 경우 종자 비산에 대한 강력한 방지 대책 수립의 필요성을 시사한다. 또한 국내 LM 들잔디 유출과 LM 면화 유출 사례는 빗물 등에 의한 식물 영양번식체 유출 및 LM 종자 혼입에 대한 안전 대책 수립의 필요성을 제시한다. 미승인된 LM 식물의 환경방출에 따른 확산은 제거와 복구에 많은 시간과 비용, 노력이 요구된다. 따라서 최근 생명공학기술을 적용하는 LM 식물들이 다양화됨에 따라 개발자 및 연구자는 환경생태계에 미치는 영향을 사전에 파악하고 환경방출 방지 등 철저한 안전관리가 요구되는 바이다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.234-241
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• 2018

Objectives: To determine the relationships between physical activity (PA), the neighborhood environment support for PA, and social support for PA among Mexican-American women living in South Texas. The Enlace study was a randomized controlled trial that tested the effectiveness of a promotora-led PA intervention among low-income Mexican origin women (n=614) living in colonias. Methods: The dependent measures included accelerometer-measured average moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary breaks and the Community Health Activities Model Program for Seniors PA 41-item questionnaire. The independent measures included the Physical Activity and Neighborhood Environment Scale (PANES) and the 13-item Physical Activity Social Support (PASS) scale. Results: Enlace participants were on average 40.4 (standard deviation, 10.3) years old, born in Mexico (86.1%), and uninsured (83.1%). Adjusted linear regression results indicated that each 1-point increment in the PANES overall score was associated with 0.050 (p<0.001) unit increase in sedentary break and a -0.043 (p=0.001) unit decrease in sedentary break duration. Both PANES (${\beta}=0.296$; p=0.002) and PASS scores (${\beta}=0.076$; p<0.001) were associated with weekly average self-reported MVPA. Interaction effects were observed between PASS scores and accelerometer-measured frequency of sedentary breaks and sedentary time duration. Conclusions: The findings of this study indicate that the relationships between PA and built environment and social support are measure-dependent and suggest that reducing sedentary time in this population may require a closer assessment of social support for PA.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.467-477
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• 2017

Objectives: Oxidative stress and DNA damage have been proposed as mechanisms linking pesticide exposure to health effects such as cancer and neurological diseases. We investigated whether protective measures could significantly reduce the levels of biomarkers for oxidative stress and DNA damage in agricultural workers. Methods: In the present study, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), biomarkers related to oxidative stress and DNA damage, respectively, were analyzed in urine samples collected from agricultural workers in two provinces of Korea (n=60). The influence of wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) and performing protective behaviors on the levels of these two biomarkers was also evaluated. Results: The median urinary levels of MDA and 8-OHdG were 10.45 nmol/mg creatinine and 14.42 ng/mg creatinine in subjects living in region A, while they were 6.25 nmol/mg creatinine and 24.77 ng/mg creatinine in subjects living in region B, respectively. The levels of MDA and 8-OHdG were higher in male farmers. Farmers wearing greater numbers of PPE and performing more protective behaviors had significantly lower levels of MDA. Greater numbers of protective behaviors was significantly associated with lower levels of 8-OHdG. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that pesticide exposure could induce oxidative stress and DNA damage in agricultural workers, and that protective measures are important for mitigating pesticide exposure.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.142-153
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• 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine environmental chemical exposure related to residential and personal lifestyle characteristics in the adult Korean population. The observations of this study can provide information useful for developing reduction approaches for exposure to chemicals among the general adult population. Methods: The second stage of the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNHES) was conducted from 2012 to 2014, with 6,478 persons participating. Using the results of the survey, the relationship between exposure levels of heavy metals and organic chemicals and exposure factors, e.g. residential and personal lifestyle characteristics, were analyzed. Results: The exposure levels of VOCs and PAHs were significantly lower in participants living at a distance of more than 100 m from roads versus living closer to roads. Home ventilation lowered VOC and PAH exposure but did not lower chemical exposure from household products. Use of public transportation showed lower exposure to heavy metals, VOCs, and PAHs. Current smoker was significantly higher for levels of heavy metals, VOCs, and PAHs, and the exposure trend was similar for current drinkers. Physical activity was related with higher exposure to phthalates and environmental phenols. Conclusion: Our observations based on a nationally representative population for Korea show that exposure to chemicals varies by residential and personal lifestyle, and this should be considered for developing appropriate mitigation measures and policies. Given the health concerns surrounding environmental chemicals, it is necessary to develop comprehensive measures to reduce chemical exposure.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.403-411
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate the physical characteristics and instrumental activities of daily living(IADL) of the elderly (85+). The subjects were three-hundred elderly people over the age of 85, living in Kyungpook Sung-Ju area who have no problems in daily living. The survey on anthropometric measures and IADL were carried out by individual measurement and interviews using measuring devices and questionnaires. The subject group of the study was composed of 27% males and 73% females, the average age being 87 years old. Notable physical features of the subjects include considerably short statues and small physiques compared to the average Korean elder. The mean Body Mass Index(BMI) was 20.9. The average percentage of body fat in male and female was 21.7% and 29.5% respectively, and the average waist/hip ratio(WHR) was 0.9 and 0.85 respectively. The percentage of the subjects who were able to perform all the IADL was 51% in males and 25% in females. The male subjects were more capable than the females in all the IADL except for preparing meals. BMI showed positive correlations withy weight(r=699), WHR(r=0.157), body fat percentage(r=0.57), lean body mass(r=0368) and total body water(r=0.368). WHR also had positive correlation with weight(r=0.184), BMI(r=0.157), lean body mass(r=0.149) and total body water (r=0.148). Body fat percentage had a positive correlation with weight(r=0.147) and BMI(r=0.265) and total body water(r=0.265). In summary, the elderly(85+) in the Sung-Ju area had considerably smaller physiques than the average Korean elderly and showed a normal range of BMI in average. The IADL of the elderly(85+) appeared to have a positive correlation with lean body mass and total body water and a negative correlation with body fat percentage.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a cognitive training program on neurocognitive task performance and activities of daily living (ADL) in patients who had a stroke. Methods: The research design for this study was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. Patients were assigned to the experimental (n=21) or control group (n=21). The experimental group received a 4-week cognitive training program and usual care (i.e., rehabilitation service), while the control was received usual care only. Cognitive function was measured with a standardized neurocognitive test battery and ADL was assessed at baseline and one and two months after completion of the intervention. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to determine changes in cognitive function and ADL over 2 months. Results: The interaction of group and time was significant indicating that the experimental group showed improvement in attention, visuospatial function, verbal memory, and executive function compared to the control group which had a sustained or gradual decrease in test performance. A significant group by time interaction in instrumental ADL was also found between the experimental group with gradual improvement and the control group showing no noticeable change. Conclusion: Findings show that the cognitive training program developed in this study is beneficial in restoring cognitive function and improving ADL in patients following a stroke. Further study is needed to investigate the long-term relationship between cognitive training participation and cognitive improvement and effective functioning in daily living.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.65-75
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• 2005

This study aims to explore the difference in life satisfaction and daily activities of elderly solitaries through a survey conducted from May to June 2004 to 152 who hare moi the criteria set forth for this study. Used for the survey were such tools as 11 items of questions concerning characters of the subjects, Life Satisfaction and Daily activities(K-ADL). The outcomes could be summarized as follows: 1. The majority of 152 subjects are females, aged $70{\sim}79$, living in the urban areas, non-educated with miscellaneous religions(including non-believers), jobless, self-dependent (or living expenses, without leisure, with disease, suffering from sickness despite of treatment and, thus not self-confident in health. 2. The Life Satisfaction and K-ADL of all subjects appear in general to be good with $20.03{\pm}9.74$ and $8.25{\pm}2.74$, respectively. 3. The difference in Life Satisfaction by characters of the subjects is found significantly high in those who are females, living in rural area, educated, with religions and jobs, have diseases treated and currently confident in health. 4. The difference in K-ADL by characters of the subjects is significantly high for those who are older than 80, Buddhists, jobless, affordable with living expenses by themselves, sick currently and not confident in health. Thus, it is thought vastly important to help the elderly solitaries to realize quality of life by social (including family) assistance, economic self-reliance and health promotion and prevention. Measures drawn from the analysis into issues of the elderly solitaries from various aspects may definitely contribute to avoiding and complimenting the causes of various issues relating to the elderly people and to assisting them to cope with the problems in the highly geriatric society to come.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.238-248
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exercise on pain, exercise self-efficacy, activities of daily living for postoperative lumbar spinal surgery. Method: The study used a nonequivalent control group pre- and post-test design in quasi-experimental research. The data were collected from April, 2010 to July, 2011. The subjects were 40 lumbar spine surgery patients who had been hospitalized in neurosurgery of G university hospital, 20 assigned for the experimental and 20 for the control group. Exercise of this study reformed to be adapted to lumbar spine surgery patients on the basis of William's flexion exercise and exercise for HIVD surgery patients developed by Kim(1995) and was practiced three times a day for 3 weeks. The data were analysed with ${\chi}^2$-test, t- test, Repeated measures ANOVA using the SPSS program. Result: There was a significant decrease in pain in the experimental group, but there was no significant increase in exercise self-efficacy and activities of daily living between the groups. Conclusion: Muscle strengthening exercise after surgery was effective in improvement of pain. Postoperative muscle strengthening exercise in lumbar spinal patients may be a useful intervention to reduce pain.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2007

The objective of this study was to discover the effects of the short-term home visiting physical therapy program involving patients with some chronic brain disorders at Gimhae City, Kyongnam. Recovery of activities of daily living (ADL) is a very important factor of rehabilitative procedures, and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) is a useful standard of evaluation for it. The FIM is widely used in brain disorder research because it measures real functional activities of daily living. We applied the physical therapy exercise program twice per week (10~15 times repeatedly); a warm-up and cool down exercise performed every ten minutes by active & active-assistive ROM and stretching exercises. Main exercises were composed of getting up & laying down in bed, standing training, walking exercise in the room, and window or wall sliding exercise using affected upper limbs for a total duration of 30 minutes. We collected the data from 20 patients with chronic brain disorders at his/her home and analyzed by means of SPSS/PC+ program (Ver. 10.0). After the six week long physical therapy exercise program, the average was $56.10{\pm}22.59$ point compared with initial $50.55{\pm}19.12$ point by FIM, improved functional ADL ability about 5.55 point, and these changed scores were statistically significant (p=.000). We also studied another factor regarding patient's satisfaction. The majority of subjects (10 people) rated the program with the maximum score of ten points (50.0%), and three people rated it a seven point program (15.0%), the other two subjects gave a rating of nine and eight points (10.0%). Because the program was effective at improving the physical ADL ability and satisfaction of each subject, we suggest continual development and implementation of a home visiting physical therapy program. Further study should involve a longer period of observation with a larger population that is involved in an individually designed home physical therapy program.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.149-155
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 독거노인의 안전의식과 주거환경의 연관성을 알아보고, 이들 간의 관계에서 독거노인의 사고 발생 빈도 및 유형을 통해 안전의식 증진을 위한 개선방안을 모색하고 도출하고자 함이다. 본 연구는 생활관리사 22분의 도움을 받아 성남시 수정구에 거주하는 노인 총 67명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 연구에 필요한 20개의 논문을 정독한 후, 자체 제작한 주거환경 체크리스트 도구, 안전의식 진단 도구를 사용하여 설문지를 작성하였다. 독거노인들의 주거환경에 따른 사고 경험을 분석한 결과, 사고유형과 사고장소에 대한 유의한 차이가 있었다. 또한 독거노인의 안전의식에 대한 설문에 의해 외출 시간과 안전의식이 상당한 연관성이 있다는 사실을 새롭게 알아내었고, 그 결과 상대적으로 집에 머무르는 시간이 긴 노인이 안전의식 수준이 높았다.