• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.11-24
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• 2017

The current investigation dealing with the causative agent of mass mortalities in cultured Oreochromis niloticus. The diseased fish showed external hemorrhage, unilateral and bilateral eye opacity, ended by blindness and fish death. The postmortem lesions revealed congested friable kidney and spleen, and liver has yellow nodules. Obtained isolates were identified as Aeromonas hydrophila (the causative agent of Motile Aeromonas Septicemia) and found to be highly pathogenic as they contained hemolysin virulence gene causing mortality reached to 100 and 70% in intraperitoneal and intramuscular infection. The prevalence of MAS was 80% among the surveyed O. niloticus. Blood and serum were collected from naturally diseased, intraperitoneal and intramuscular injected O. niloticus for hematological and biochemical examination. Similarly, gills, musculature, kidney, liver and spleen were collected for histopathological evaluation, and micropathomorphological analysis of spleen was done. Macrocytic hypochromic anemia was recorded in the intraperitoneal infection. Serum protein, albumin and globulin were decrease only in naturally diseased fish. Leucocytosis with heterophilia and lymphocytosis were observed in naturally diseased and intraperitoneal infected fish. There were severe degenerative changes and hemorrhagic necrosis in the examined tissues which were more obvious in intraperitoneal than intramuscular infection. Activation and proliferation of melanocytes macrophages centers with severe hemosiderosis were recorded in spleen of naturally diseased and experimentally infected fish.

• Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
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• v.2 no.2 s.3
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• pp.114-117
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• 2002

Special anesthetic considerations were required for children with acute or chronic liver disease. We experienced a case of dental treatment to control infection under general anesthesia in the 2-year-old girl with liver failure. She was also scheduled for liver tansplantation. Her preanesthetic results of liver function test, electrolytes, and coagulation panel were unstable and out of normal ranges. Uneventful anesthetic induction using isoflurane and atracurium and nasotracheal intubation were carried out. General anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane for 2 hours. Oozing from multiple extraction sites was sustained, so the transfusion of platelet concentration 1 units, fresh frozen plasma 1 unit, and packed red blood cell 1 unit was done. She was recovered without complication but was transferred to pediatric intensive care unit for wound care with her endotracheal tube kept. She was transferred to a ward without noticeable complications next day. So we report this successful case of anesthetic management for dental treatment in a child with liver failure.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.20
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• pp.9005-9008
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• 2014

Background: Gastric cancer is the second leading course of cancer death worldwide and H. pylori infection is an important risk factor for gastric cancer development. This study was design to evaluate the clinical, pathological features, survival rate and prevalence of H. pylori infection in gastric cancer in Thailand. Materials and Methods: Clinical information, histological features, endoscopic findings and H. pylori status were collected from gastric cancer patients from Thammasat university hospital during June 1996-December 2011. H. pylori infection was assessed by histological evaluation, rapid urease test and serological test. Clinical information, endoscopic findings and histopathology of all patients were recorded and compared between patients with active or non-active H. pylori infection. Results: A total of 100 gastric cancer patients (55 men and 45 women with mean age of $55{\pm}16.8years$) were enrolled in this study. Common presenting symptoms were dyspepsia (74%), weight loss (66%), anemia (63%) and anorexia (38%). Mean duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis was 98 days. Overall prevalence of H. pylori infection was 83% and active H. pylori infection was 40%. 1-year and 5-year survival rates were 43% and 0%. There was no significant difference between active H. pylori infection in different locations (proximal vs non-proximal: 47.1% vs 48.5%; P-value = 0.9, OR=0.9; 95%CI=0.3-3.1) and histology of gastric cancer (diffuse type vs intestinal type: 47.4% vs 50%; P-value = 0.8, OR=0.9, 95%CI=0.3-2.7). However, linitis plastica was significantly more common in non-active than active H. pylori infection (27.9% vs 0%; P-value<0.0001, OR=13.3, 95%CI=3.2-64.5). Moreover, gastric cancer stage 4 was higher in non-active than active H. pylori infection (93% vs 50%, P-value<0.001). Conclusions: Prevalence of H. pylori infection in Thai gastric cancer patients was high but active infection was low. Most gastric cancer patients presented in advance stage and had a grave prognosis. Screening for gastric cancer in high risk individuals might be an appropriate tool for early detection and improve the treatment outcome for this particular disease in Thailand.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.18
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• pp.8391-8396
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• 2016

Thailand is becoming an aging society, this presenting as a serious problem situation especially regarding health. Chronic diseases found frequently in the elderly may be related to dietary intake and life style. Surin province has been reported as a risk area for liver fluke with a high incidence of cholangiocarcinma especially in the elderly. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the nutritional status and associated factors among elderly in Surin province, northeast of Thailand. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 405 people aged 60 years and above, between September 2012 and July 2014. The participants were selected through a randomized systematic sampling method and completed a pre-designed questionnaire with general information, food recorded, weight, height, waist circumference, and behavior regarding to food consume related to liver fluke infection. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman's rank correlation coefficients. The majority of participants was female (63.5%), age between 60-70 years old (75.6%), with elementary school education (96.6%), living with their (78.9%), and having underlying diseases (38.3%). Carbohydrate (95.3%) was need to improve the consumption. The participants demonstrated under-nutrition (24.4%), over-nutrition (16.4%), and obesity (15.4%). Elderly had a waist circumference as the higher than normal level (34.0%). Gender, female, age 71-80 years old, elementary school and underlying diseases were significantly associated with poor nutritional status. The majority of them had a high knowledge (43.0%), moderate attitude (44.4%), and moderate practice (46.2%) regarding food consumption related to liver fluke infection. In conclusion, these findings data indicated that elderly age group often have an under- or over-nutritional status. Carbohydrate consumption needs to be improved. Some elderly show behavior regarding food consumption that is related to liver fluke infection hat needs to be improved, so that health education pertaining good nutrition is required.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.407-415
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• 1992

Among 85 patients with anti-HCV positive chronic liver disease, only 21.2% have past history of blood transfusion and over half the cases, they do not have any suspicious risk factors for HCV infection, 3 of 85 families show anti-HCV positive family members. On the other hand, 40 of 60 patients with HBsAg positive chronic liver disease show HBsAg positive family members. In Korea, HBV is transmitted mainly through vertical and intrafamilial infection but HCV disease might be rather horizontal and sporadic than vertical. To define the evident source of infection in sporadic hepatitis C, first of all, simple test with high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of HCV infection would be needed.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.3381-3384
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• 2016

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a key factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). About 350 million people are affected by chronic infection which is related to the rapid development of liver diseases as well as hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-${\alpha}$) in the liver demonstrates a major genetic polymorphism which is involved in resistance or susceptibility to chronic HBV infection. Materials and Methods: In this study, two populations were studied by the sequence specific primer-polymerase chain reaction (SSP-PCR) method: HBV cases (n=409), who were HBS-Ag+, and healthy controls (n=483). Results: The results shown that the frequency of TNF-${\alpha}$ -308 G/G genotype in healthy controls (47.2%) was significantly higher than in HBV infected patients (28%) (CI = 1.29-2.61, OR = 1.83, P = 0.0004). Also TNF-${\alpha}$ -308 A/A and A/G genotype frequencies in the healthy controls were 4.6% and 48.2% and in patient group were 19.5% and 52.5% (CI = 2.23-7.12, p: 0.0001, OR: 3.94) respectively. Conclusions: We found that among Iranian people TNF-${\alpha}$ -308A allele not only has the highest genotype frequency but also it has the highest frequency in the world population. In addition, TNF-${\alpha}$-308 G/G polymorphism was associated with HBV resistance, whereas TNF-${\alpha}$-308A (A/A or A/G) polymorphism appeared to associated with chronic HBV infection. These data suggested that among the Iranian population, the -308 G/G polymorphism of TNF-${\alpha}$ gene promoter region has the potential to influence the susceptibility to HBV infection and it may be responsible for viral antigen clearance.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.431-436
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• 2009

There are five principal causes for excessive bleeding in the immediate postextraction phase ; (1) Vascular wall alteration (wound infection, scurvy, chemicals, allergy) (2) Disorders of platelet function (genetic defect, drug-aspirin, autoimmune disease) (3) Thrombocytopenic purpuras (radiation, leukemia), (4) Inherited disorders of coagulation (hemophilia, Christmas disease, vitamin deficiency, anticoagulation drug-heparin, coumarin). If the hemorrhage from postextraction wound is unusually aggressive, and then dehydration and airway problem are occurred, the socket must be packed with gelatine sponge(Gelfoam) that was moistened with thrombin and wound closure & pressure dressing are applied. The thrombin clots fibrinogen to produce rapid hemostasis. Gelatine sponges moistened with thrombin provide effective coagulation of hemorrhage from small veins and capillaries. But, in dental alveoli, gelatine sponges may absorb oral microorganisms and cause alveolar osteitis (infection). This is a case report of bleeding control by continuous rubber strip & iodoform gauze drainage (without gelfoam packing) of active bleeding infection sites of three teeth extraction wounds in a 46-years-old female patient with advanced liver cirrhosis.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.157-160
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• 2010

We report here a human case probably mixed-infected with Clonorchis sinensis and Fasciola sp. who was diagnosed by computed tomography (Cn scan, serological findings, and/or fecal examination. The patient was a 43-year-old Korean female and was admitted to Kyung Hee University Hospital with the complaints of fever and abdominal pain. On admission, marked eosinophilia was noted in her peripheral blood. CT scan showed specific lesions for clonorchiasis and fascioliasis in the liver, along with lesions suggestive of amebic abscess. Micro-ELISA revealed positive results for the 2 helminthic infections. Eggs of C. sinensis and trophozoites of Entamoeba histo/ytica were observed in the stool. Treatment with praziquantel followed by metronidazole and tinidazole reduced abnormalities in the liver and eosinophilia. This is the first case report of a possible co-infection with 2 kinds of liver flukes in the Republic of Korea.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.413-418
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• 2011

Human alveolar echinococcosis (AE), a hepatic disorder that resembles liver cancer, is a highly aggressive and lethal zoonotic infection caused by the larval stage of the fox tapeworm, Echinococcus multilocularis. E. multilocularis is widely distributed in the northern hemisphere; the disease-endemic area stretches from north America through Europe to central and east Asia, including northern parts of Japan, but it has not been reported in Korea. Herein, we represent a first case of AE in Korea. A 41-year-old woman was found to have a large liver mass on routine medical examination. The excised mass showed multinodular, necrotic, and spongiform appearance with small irregular pseudocystic spaces. Microscopically, the mass was composed of chronic granulomatous inflammation with extensive coagulation necrosis and parasite-like structure, which was revealed as parasitic vesicles and laminated layer delineated by periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stain. Clinical and histologic features were consistent with AE. After 8 years, a new liver mass and multiple metastatic pulmonary nodules were found and the recurred mass showed similar histologic features to the initial mass. She had never visited endemic areas of AE, and thus the exact infection route is unclear.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.17
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• pp.7251-7255
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• 2014

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as tumor suppressors or promoters in neoplasia by regulating relative geneexpression. The association between a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs4938723 in miR-34b/c and susceptibility to cancers was inconsistent in previous studies. In this study, we conducted a literature search of PubMed, Web of Science and Embase to identify all relevant studies in this meta-analysis with 6,036 cases and 6,204 controls. We found that the miR-34b/c rs4938723 polymorphism was significantly associated with increased risk of cancers in the heterozygous model (TC versus TT, OR=1.09, 95% CI=1.01-1.18, P=0.02). Subgroup analysis also revealed increased risk for Asian ethnicity in the heterozygous model (TC versus TT, OR=1.12, 95% CI=1.02-1.22, P=0.02), but decreased risk of colorectal cancer in homozygote model (CC versus TT, OR=0.66, 95% CI=0.47-0.92, P=0.02) and in the recessive model (CC versus TC+TT, OR=0.67, 95% CI=0.48-0.93, P=0.02) by cancer type. The current meta-analysis indicated that the miR-34b/c rs4938723 polymorphism may decrease susceptibility to colorectal cancer. Well-designed studies with larger sample size are required to further validate the results.