• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.1-15
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• 2002

This study investigated the perceptions toward the elderly of elementary school children in Incheon area. The subject of this study were 264 elementary school children in grade 2, 4, 6 and their mothers. Instruments included the inventory of the perceptions toward the elderly. The main results obtained from this study were as follows The degree of children's perceptions toward the elderly differed according to children's sex, age, birth order, mother and father's education, income of the family, religion and the attitudes of parents toward the elderly. Also the degree of children's perceptions toward the elderly differed according to whether grand parents are alive or not, whether they live together in the same household or not, the age of grand parents, their financial ability, health of grand parents.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2017

The life history of man is summarized as a birth-aging-disease-death. Man eventually ages and dies. How long can humans live? What is aging? Why do we age? Is aging inevitable? Can we rejuvenate? Recent researches on biological aging suggest that humans might overcome aging and rejuvenate. In this paper, we review the biologic characteristics of aging and the latest results of biological aging research, implicating that aging can be controlled, further treated, and that humans can ultimately be rejuvenated.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.137-141
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• 2009

Depending on the definition used, between 3% and 10% of live neonates are small for gestational age (SGA). The definition of SGA requires the following: (1) accurate knowledge of gestational age; (2) accurate measurements at birth of weight, length, and head circumference; (3) a cutoff, which has been variably set at the 10th percentile, 3rd percentile, or at less than 2 standard deviation from the mean, and (4) race and ethnicity-specific growth curve. Consensus statements are needed on the management of growth hormone therapy in SGA children, as well as treatment and long-term health outcomes such as impaired cognitive function, increased risk of adult cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.142-151
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• 2009

The incidence of small for gestational age (SGA) births is frequent, accounting for 2.3% to 8% of all live births. Several childhood and adult diseases are related to early postnatal growth and birth size, and 10% of children born SGA may have a short stature throughout postnatal life. Additionally, they may have abnormal growth hormone (GH)-insulin like growth factor axis, HPA axis, and gonadal function. Permanent changes are detrimental in an environment of nutritional abundance, and predispose SGA children to an array of diseases in adolescence and adulthood. Such changes may also cause premature pubarche, adrenarche, and precocious puberty. The varying results from clinical studies necessitate more prospective case control studies. Reproductive tract abnormalities and reproductive dysfunction are related to SGA births. GH treatment is required for SGA infants who do not experience catch-up growth.

• Korean Journal of Cleft Lip And Palate
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.117-130
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• 2003

The prevalence of craniofacial cleft is reported to be 10-34 / 100,000 live birth of human. This case report describes the characteristics of the Tessier classification number 0, 5, 7, and 14 craniofacial cleft patients. Given the rarity and unique nature of the clinical expression of each of the craniofacial clefts, the treatment plans can not be standardized but must be based on the individual assessment of each case.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.205-214
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• 2014

As a result of the rapid economic growth and birth control policy, China is experiencing low fertility rates and increasing life expectancy, which makes Chinese population aging very quickly and unprepared for their retired life. The reverse mortgage may be an attractive option for the elderly because it is a loan against a house that they do not have to pay back as long as they live there. In this paper, in order to introduce the reverse mortgage scheme in China the factors that could influence the demand of reverse mortgage are reviewed and the Chinese market environment is analyzed. Then the principal component analysis is performed in order to recommend the regions or cities that have higher potential for successful implementation of a reverse mortgage than any other ones in China.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.61-76
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• 2008

F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby has been interpreted to be saturated with the lamentation over the distortion and evaporation of the American dream. The application of Friedrich Nietzsche's mythic concept of Dionysus, discussed in The Birth of Tragedy, surfaces a fresh layer of the novel, subverting the established pessimistic reading. To focus on a peripheral character, Myrtle Wilson, through Nietzsche's theory brings forth an optimistic vision of the author. A Dionysian ecstasy so powerfully overwhelms Myrtle that she perceives Tom, the very picture of corruption and crime in Fitzgerald's text, as a benefic liberator. Her impassioned perception of Tom enables her to soar over both legal or moral censorship and her realistic confinement. Myrtle's amoral passion endows her with the vital desire to live. Her Dionysian dynamo embodies the core of new version of the American dream Fitzgerald suggests as a measure to reanimate the lost generation of his nation.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.319-322
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• 2020

Adrenal rest tumors are a rare extra-adrenal complication of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) in women although they are more commonly found in the testes of male patients with CAH. An ovarian adrenal rest tumor (OART) may coexist with CAH or imitate its symptoms without CAH. In this case report, we present the case of a woman with OART without CAH, whose main complaint was infertility and who had a baby after successful surgical treatment.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.360-368
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• 2015

The present study evaluated the effect of controlled ryegrass-white clover herbage availability from day 128 until day 142 of pregnancy in comparison to unrestricted availability, on the performance of twin-bearing ewes of varying body condition score (BCS; 2.0, 2.5, or 3.0) and their lambs. It was hypothesised that under conditions of controlled herbage availability, the performance of lambs born to ewes with a greater BCS would be greater than those born to ewes with a lower BCS. During the period that the nutritional regimens were imposed, the pre- and post-grazing herbage masses of the Control regimen ($1,070{\pm}69$ and $801{\pm}30$ kg dry matter [DM]/ha) were lower than the ad libitum regimen ($1,784{\pm}69$ and $1,333{\pm}33kg\;DM/ha$; p<0.05). The average herbage masses during lactation were $1,410{\pm}31kg\;DM/ha$. Nutritional regimen had no effect on ewe live weight, BCS and back fat depth or on lamb live weight, indices of colostrum uptake, maximal heat production, total litter weight weaned or survival to weaning (p>0.05). The difference in ewe BCSs and back fats observed among body condition groups was maintained throughout pregnancy (p<0.05). At weaning, ewes from the BCS2.0 group had lower BCS and live weight ($2.4{\pm}0.2$, $74.3{\pm}2.6kg$) than both the BCS2.5 ($2.6{\pm}0.2$, $78.6{\pm}2.4kg$) and BCS3.0 ewes ($2.7{\pm}0.2$, $79.0{\pm}2.6kg$; p<0.05), which did not differ (p>0.05). Ewe BCS group had no effect on lamb live weight at birth or weaning or on maximal heat production (p>0.05). Serum gamma glutamyl transferase concentrations of lambs born to BCS3.0 ewes were higher within 36 hours of birth than lambs born to BCS2.0 ewes and BCS2.5 ewes ($51.8{\pm}1.9$ vs $46.5{\pm}1.9$ and $45.6{\pm}1.9IU/mL$, respectively [p<0.05]). There was, however, no effect of ewe body condition on lamb plasma glucose concentration (p>0.05). Lamb survival was the only lamb parameter that showed an interaction between ewe nutritional regimen and ewe BCS whereby survival of lambs born to BCS2.5 and BCS3.0 ewes differed but only within the Control nutritional regimen ewes (p<0.05). These results indicate farmers can provide twin-bearing ewes with pre- and post-grazing ryegrass-white clover herbage covers of approximately 1,100 and 800 kg DM/ha in late pregnancy, provided that herbage covers are 1400 in lactation, without affecting lamb performance to weaning. The present results also indicate that under these grazing conditions, there is little difference in ewe performance within the BCS range of 2.0 to 3.0 and therefore they do not need to be managed separately.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.447-454
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• 2001

For determining the relative genetic effects of Duroc (D) and Taoyuan (T) breeds on the economic traits of their hybrids, 72 litters of pigs, from four mating types, namely TT (T♂$\times$T♀), DD (D♂$\times$D♀) and D-T hybrids (TD, T♂$\times$D♀ and DT, D♂$\times$T♀) were used in this study. The various crossbreeding parameters were estimated by comparisons among mating types using linear contrasts of least-square analysis. The results of reproductive traits analysis showed that T breed had contributed superior genetic effects on the total number of piglets at birth (TBN) (p<0.10) and number of live piglets at 21 days (LP21) (p<0.05) to the D-T hybrids. Estimates of maternal genetic effects showed that the T females were superior in TBN (p<0.05), but inferior in average birth weight (ABW) and average litter birth weight (LBW) (p<0.01) to the D females. Direct heterosis effects were significant for LBW, LP21 and LWT21 (p<0.01). Least-squares analysis of other economic traits showed that T breed had relative negative effects on all growth traits, withers height (WH), body type index (BTI), average backfat thickness (ABF), carcass length (LENG), loin eye area (longissimus) (LEARA), and lean percentage (LEAN) of D-T hybrids (p<0.05). Estimates of direct genetic effects showed that the D breed was superior to the T breed in all growth and carcass traits except the average backfat (BF). Estimates of maternal genetic effects showed that average body weight at 180 days (WT180) of progenies from T sows were lighter than from D sows. Progenies from D females had larger and leaner carcass than those from T females. Direct heterosis effects were significant for average daily weight gains from 150 to 180 days ($ADG_{150-180}$) (p<0.05) and for average body weights at 150 (WT150), and 180 days (WT180), average daily weight gains from birth to 150 and 180 days ($ADG_{150}$ and $ADG_{180}$, respectively), WH, body length (BL), ABF, BTI, and LENG (p<0.01). The results showed that D-T hybrids tended to have superior TBN and LP21 than D breed, and to be superior in all growth and most conformation and carcass traits to the T breed.