• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2019

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to review clinical studies about the effect of chuna manual therapy (CMT) for peripheral facial paralysis in children. Methods : In this review, we searched 11 electronic databases (Pubmed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CINAHL, CAJ, Oasis, NDSL, KISS, RISS, KISTI, Dbpia); We concluded our literature search in April 23, 2019. We included only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of testing CMT for peripheral facial paralysis in children. The methodological quality of each RCT was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The meta-analysis was performed by synthesizing outcome data of total efficacy rate (TER). Results : After screening papers, a total of 6 RCTs were selected and analyzed. In the 6 RCTs, patients(n=15-60 per study) were randomized into groups for treatment and control. Specifically, the treatment group received CMT, while the control group was concurrently given usual care, such as acupuncture and medicine. The meta-analysis showed that the treatment group receiving CMT alone showed significant improvement in TER, compared to the control group receiving acupuncture therapy alone(P<0.05). And the treatment group receiving CMT combined with usual care showed positive results, in terms of TER, compared to the control group receiving usual care, but was not statistically significant(P>0.05). Conclusions : Our analysis suggests that CMT has therapeutic effects for peripheral facial paralysis in children. However, to confirm this result, further investigation accompanied by high quality studies is required.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.119-134
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• 2019

Objectives : This study was conducted to investigate current research trends in Chuna manual therapy for the treatment of anxiety disorders in China. Methods : Using China Academic Journal and Pubmed, we performed a literature search of studies that were published from 2010 onwards. In total, 15 published studies were included in our analysis. Results : Of the 15 analyzed studies, nine were randomized controlled trials, two were non-randomized controlled trials, and four were case reports. Of the total patients, 80% were treated daily and received ${\leq}30$ treatments in total (excluding one study). In most studies(11 out of 15, 73.33%), the total effective rate of treatment was used to measure the outcome, with the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale being used most frequently. The case report demonstrated a therapeutic effect > 90%. In the control study, except for the two studies that reported significant improvement in the follow-up period, all of the measures were significantly improved (P<0.05) after treatment compared with before treatment. The An(按) and Rou(?) methods were the most frequently used. The Chuna method is categorized into four types: 1) It is performed around shoulders, neck, and face; 2) performed around abdomen, back, and neck; 3) performed on the whole body; 4) performed at the simply-stimulated acupoints. The most commonly used acupoint was Taiyang (Ex-HN 5), and the most frequently used acupoints were predominantly distributed in the head, face, and neck. Conclusions : This study demonstrated that Chuna manual therapy has significant effects when used as a treatment for anxiety disorder, warranting further investigation.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.99-110
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• 2019

Objective: The aim of the present study was to develop a valid and reliable scale that measures the healthy life styles among young adults. Design: A methodological study design was employed to develop and validate the Healthy Lifestyle Screening Tool (HLST). Methods: The validity and reliability of the HLST were established in accordance with DeVellis' 8 steps guideline for tool development. The question items were generated based on literature reviews and interviews, which were then classified into 12 categories. The HLST was administered to 272 students attending a Korean university. The reliability was tested using Cronbach's alpha. The validity of the scale was examined with the mean inter-item correlations (MIIC) and factor analysis, and was also examined for content validity by experts. Results: The reliability of the HLST was found to be acceptable, as indicated by a Cronbach's alpha of 0.71. In the validity test, items with less than 80% "agreement" ratings on the content validity index by experts were revised. The MIIC values were greater than 0.25. A factor analysis of 36 items extracted 9 factors (i.e., four items per factor), which together explained 50.4% of the variance. The HLST consists of 36 items that measure 9 factors based on a 4-point Likert rating scale, with 4 items per factor, as follows: sunlight, water, air, rest, exercise, nutrition, temperance, trust, and general physical condition. High scores on the HLST are indicative of a healthy lifestyle (HL). Conclusions: The HLST is a valid and reliable scale that can be used to measure HL among young adults. Identification of HL by using the HLST can provide guidance to integrated therapeutic approaches along with conventional physical therapy.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.192-213
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze the domestic study trends of pharmacopuncture therapy on obstetrics and gynecological diseases in Korean literature, through reviewing the clinical and experimental studies. Methods: We searched for clinical and experimental studies using pharmacopuncture therapy on obstetrics and gynecological diseases, published from January 2000 to May 2019, through 5 Korean databases. The study design, target disease, type of pharmacopuncture, method of intervention, and study results were analyzed. Results: 36 experimental studies and 15 clinical studies were finally included according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. In experimental studies, there were 12 studies about postmenopausal osteoporosis, 9 studies about obesity, 4 studies about endometriosis, 3 studies about hemostatic effects and analgesic anticoagulative effects, 2 studies about ovarian function, and analgesic antiphlogistic anticoagulative effects, and 1 study about menopausal symptoms. In clinical studies, there were 3 studies about obesity, postpartum disorders, dysmenorrhea, and women's urologic disease, and 1 study about menopausal symptoms, atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) and breast cancer. Various types of pharmacopuncture have been proved to have a therapeutic effect in each of those obstetrics and gynecological diseases. Conclusions: This study indicates that pharmacopuncture therapy could be a good treatment for obstetrics and gynecological diseases. However, more well-designed and high-quality clinical researches are needed in further studies, to prove the effectiveness and safety of pharmacopuncture therapy.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.231-236
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• 2019

In drug discovery or preclinical stages of development, potency parameters such as $IC_{50}$, $K_i$, or $K_d$ in vitro have been routinely used to predict the parameters of efficacious exposure (AUC, $C_{min}$, etc.) in humans. However, to our knowledge, the fundamental assumption that the potency in vitro is correlated with the efficacious concentration in vivo in humans has not been investigated extensively. Thus, the present review examined this assumption by comparing a wide range of published pharmacokinetic (PK) and potency data. If the drug potency in vitro and its in vivo effectiveness in humans are well correlated, the steady-state average unbound concentrations in humans [$C_{u_-ss.avg}=f_u{\cdot}F{\cdot}Dose/(CL{\cdot}{\tau})=f_u{\cdot}AUCss/{\tau}$] after treatment with approved dosage regimens should be higher than, or at least comparable to, the potency parameters assessed in vitro. We reviewed the ratios of $C_{u_-ss.avg}$/potency in vitro for a total of 54 drug entities (13 major therapeutic classes) using the dosage, PK, and in vitro potency reported in the published literature. For 54 drugs, the $C_{u_-ss.avg}$/in vitro potency ratios were < 1 for 38 (69%) and < 0.1 for 22 (34%) drugs. When the ratios were plotted against $f_u$ (unbound fraction), "ratio < 1" was predominant for drugs with high protein binding (90% of drugs with $f_u{\leq}5%$; i.e., 28 of 31 drugs). Thus, predicting the in vivo efficacious unbound concentrations in humans using only in vitro potency data and $f_u$ should be avoided, especially for molecules with high protein binding.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.279-288
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• 2020

Objectives: Many fields have changed since covid-19, psychotherapy being no exception. With the pandemic associated increase in untact treatment, interest in virtual reality exposure therapy has also increased. The aim of study was to analyze recent literature using virtual reality therapy for the treatment of anxiety disorders. Methods: We searched five databases from dates between October 1 to November 1, 2020. We selected articles related to the treatment of anxiety disorders using virtual reality therapy and analyzed the trend of that, not thesis but domestic articles. Results: There were 6 RCT studies and 3 were case reports where, based on the DSM-4, the participants presented with anxiety disorders including 2 with presentation anxiety, 1 heterosexual anxiety, 1 test anxiety, 1 social anxiety, 1 dental anxiety, 2 Acrophobia, and 1 social phobia. Treatment sessions varied from 1 session to 18 sessions, but 5 studies conducted 4 sessions, and all studies attempted virtual reality exposure for 30-minute time periods. 8 studies used HMD as the VR device and 1 study did not report a device. Conclusions: Anxiety disorders treated using virtual reality included speech anxiety and acrophobia. Median treatment session number was 4 and sessions were less than 30 minutes. The most common VR device used was an HMD. VR psychotherapy showed limitations relating to patient experience including cyber sickness and a lack of immersion. In addition, most of the studies were conducted with patients who visited hospitals utilizing Western medical practices. Currently, virtual reality therapy (VRT) intervention in oriental medicine is lacking. The lack of research in this area suggests analyzing data from VR psychotherapy in oriental medicine could provide novel and useful information.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.291-314
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• 2021

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the retromolar trigone (RMT) is a rare but potentially fatal disease that carries a poor prognosis due to its unique anatomic position. RMT SCCs tend to spread to vital nearby structures, including the tonsillar pillar, masticatory muscles, and underlying mandibular bone, even in their early stages, and aggressive treatment is often warranted. This systematic review appraises and qualitatively analyzes all available literature regarding the survival outcomes and prognosis of RMT SCC. Four databases were searched to identify all eligible articles published since January 1980. Of the 1,248 studies, a total of 15 studies representing 4,838 cases met the inclusion criteria. The evaluated patients had a high rate of advanced tumor stage (T3 or T4: 61.4%), lymph node metastasis (38.8%), and mandibular bone invasion (24%) at the time of diagnosis. Aggressive surgical treatments such as lip-splitting (92%), segmental mandibulectomy (61.1%), radical neck dissection (44.1%), and reconstruction using free flaps (49.5%) was undertaken for 92% of the pooled patient population. The mean rates for local, regional, and systemic recurrence were 23.40%, 8.40%, and 8.50%, respectively. The mean 5-year overall survival rate was 38.90%. Osteonecrosis was noted in 11.6% of the 328 patients who received radiotherapy. In conclusion, RMT SCC is generally associated with high recurrence, low survival, and high postoperative complication rates. Early diagnosis and aggressive treatment are thus warranted. However, significant methodological problems hamper current knowledge. Future studies of this topic that use randomized or cohort designs are thus needed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.1-14
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• 2021

PURPOSE: This study aims to reveal the prevalence, therapeutic efficacy and undesirable side effects of cupping therapy all over the world from past to present. METHODS: This meta-analysis is based on the data obtained by scanning the keyword "cupping therapy" from the Pub-Med system, which is an international database. The date range has been set as 1950-2019. Local databases were not included. Cupping therapy studies combined with other complementary therapies such as acupuncture, moxa and hirudotherapy are also included in the meta-analysis. RESULTS: A total of 381 scientific studies were found on cupping therapy. Of these studies 127 wererandomized controlled trials (RCSs). Cupping treatment has been found effective in studies of painful conditions such as herpes zoster pain, fibromyalgia, back pain, neck pain, headache and acute injury pain. In addition, the effectiveness of cupping therapy was found to be high in studies related to bone / muscular system diseases such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, gout, carpal tunnel syndrome, cervical spondylosis. In addition, cupping treatment is also promising in studies on skin diseases, neurological diseases, respiratory system diseases and cardiovascular system diseases. CONCLUSION: Recently, there has been an increase in the number of RCSs related to cupping therapy. The vast majority of this increase has been made in European and American countries rather than in Far Eastern countries. Studies on cupping therapy, which have been and will be carried out in the future, will provide evidence-based indication of whether cupping therapy is effective. and it will allow more patients to benefit from this treatment, which has a very low rate of side effects and complications.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.97-106
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• 2022

Objective. Nanotechnology is spreading among all areas of life, from everyday devices to medicine. The concept of nanotechnology argues that not only can new physical and chemical properties of materials be discovered, but also the new potential of nanostructures when reduced to the nanoscale. The growing interest in the application of nanomaterials in dentistry contributes to the proliferation of the range of nanomaterials used by specialists. The purpose of this review of information sources was to analyze the prospects for the use of nanomaterials in dentistry. Methods. We used the bibliographic semantic method of research, for which we analyzed electronic databases of primary literature sources Scopus, Web of Science, Research Gate, PubMed, MDPI, and MedLine. English-language scientific articles published after 2017 were taken into consideration. Results. According to the results of a search study among modern information primary sources, nanotechnology improves the preventive properties of oral care products, improves the structural-mechanical and aesthetic properties of composite mixtures for dentistry, overcomes the problems of the clinical application of dental implants. Despite the prospects of nanotechnology applications in medicine in general and dentistry in particular, the existing economic and technological problems require a thorough solution for further implementation of nanostructures. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the analysis of modern trends in the application of nanotechnology in dentistry is carried out and the peculiarities of materials are highlighted, the problems and prospects of nanostructures implementation in modern dental implantology are given, physical, chemical, mechanical, and antibacterial properties of nanomaterials are evaluated. The effect of nanomaterials on the microbial adhesion of the tooth or implant surface is described. Practical significance. The presented publication can become a scientific basis for the solution of urgent problems hindering the introduction of nanotechnology into dental practice. Conclusions. Thus, the use of nanostructures opens up great opportunities for the treatment of a wide range of diseases, not only of dental nature but also in medicine in general.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.182-189
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• 2022

To evaluate the effectiveness of electroacupuncture treatment for primary dysmenorrhea (PD), a literature review of a randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed where electroacupuncture was used as a treatment intervention in patients diagnosed with PD. Relevant clinical studies (N = 226) were retrieved from multiple databases according to the study inclusion/exclusion criteria, and interventions and outcomes were analyzed. As a result of the review, there were 6 RCTs which met the criteria. In all 4 studies that measured pain indicators (visual analog scales), electroacupuncture showed significantly positive changes. In addition, positive changes were observed in most indicators (MMDQ, PGF2a, PGE2, 6-keto PGF1, TXB2, clinical efficacy score, uterine arterial blood flow parameters, and blood viscosity). 2 studies showed that electroacupuncture had a stronger therapeutic effect than NSAIDs. No major side effects were reported. Electroacupuncture may be an effective and safe treatment for PD however, further RCTs are required.