• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.153-156
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• 2000

Spatial activities of Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) were investigated weekly using yellow sticky trap which were placed at three different height and monitored during four time periods. Yellow sticky trap placed at plant height caught significantly more L. trifolii (Burgess) than did traps placed at 30 and 60cm above plant height. Diel activities of L. trifolii (Burgess) were monitored with yellow sticky traps at 1- and 2-h intervals during three time periods. Leafminer flight activity in May, July and October peaked from 1400 to 1800 hours, 0800 hours and from 1200 to 1400 hours, respectively. 2nd peak of flight activity only occurred in May. Attraction of L. trifolii (Burgess) for yellow sticky traps was affected by temperature as well as solar intensity. Male of L. trifolii (Burgess) appeared more responsive to yellow sticky traps than female regardless of trap height or time of day.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.309-314
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• 1996

The American serpentine leafminer (ASL), Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess), was fist found from a vinyl house planting gerbera in Kwangju area on January 26, 1994. To learn its distribution and damage pattern on crop plants, a nationwide survey was carried out at 293 vinyl houses from 25 cities/counties in six provinces. Its damage was found at 22 vinyl houses in Kwangju and Chinju areas. The range of leaves damaged by the ASL was 5-100% on gerbera, 40-70% on chrysanthemum, 20% on cherry-tomato, and 5-20% on celery. Host crop plants included gerbera, chrysanthemum, celery, cherry-tomato, watermelon, and pumpkin.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Entomolohy Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.94-94
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• 2005

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.141-147
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the population changes of Liriomyza trijolii (Burgess) on chrysanthemum and its relationship to plant growth and damages. In spring culture of chrysanthemum, L. trifolii adults begun to be attracted by the yellow sticky trap from early May and maintained high population until the middle of July. Larval density increased gradually from late May and reached peak in early July. In autumn culture, the population density of adult was lower than that of spring culture but the number of adult was great in late September and the middle of October. This trend was similar to that of larval stage. Damaged leaves by larva could be found from 4 weeks after transplanting and its rate was low until 5 weeks but increased abruptly after 6 weeks and maintained 70% level until flowering stage in spring culture. Damaged leaves increased with plant growth in some varieties tested in this experiment.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.87-96
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• 2011

To study solar activated insecticide, three types of dihydroxyl phosphorus(V) triazatetrabenzocorrole derivatives ($P(OH)_2TBCs$) including H, 4'-methoxy phenoxy, 4'-tert butyl phenoxy substituents were synthesized. The results show that slightly red-shift with introducing substituents was observed and singlet oxygen was generated by the sunlight. Based on photochemical properties, solar activated insecticidal activity tests against Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) were carried out. Overall insecticidal activities were 100~85.7% in the concentration of 500ppm, and especially in the case of compound $P(OH)_2TBC$ the insecticidal activities was 100%.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.46 no.1 s.145
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• pp.43-49
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• 2007

Experiments have been performed to investigate biological characteristics of Diglyphus isaea (Walker), an ectoparasite of Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess). At $25^{\circ}C$, development time of D. isaea was estimated as 1.3 days for eggs, 4.5 days for larvae and 6.3 days for pupae. Adult longevity was 25.1 days, and a female adult could lay 305.3 eggs throughout its lifetime. Number of L. trifolii parasitized or killed by the wasp was 962.2 individuals/adult. Most of all parasitized or killed larvae were identified as third instar. With 20% honeyed water as food source, half of the adults could survive 180 days at $5^{\circ}C$, 150 days at $10^{\circ}C$, and 90 days at $15^{\circ}C$. After storing at $10^{\circ}C$ with absolute honey for 30 days, 70 days and 140 days, a female adult in room temperature laid eggs 190.8 individuals, 104.0 individuals and 89.4 individuals, respectively.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.235-243
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• 2012

Population dynamics of the American serpentine leafminer, Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess), were observed and modeled in order to compare the effects of air and tomato leaf temperatures inside a greenhouse using DYMEX model builder and simulator (pre-programed module based simulation programs developed by CSIRO, Australia). The DYMEX model simulator consisted of a series of modules with the parameters of temperature dependent development and oviposition models of L. trifolii were incorporated from pre-published data. Leaf surface temperatures of cherry tomato leaves (cv. 'Koko') were monitored according to three tomato plant positions (top, > 1.8 m above the ground level; middle, 0.9 - 1.2 m; bottom, 0.3 - 0.5 m) using an infrared temperature gun. Air temperature was monitored at the same three positions using a self-contained temperature logger. Data sets for the observed air temperature and average leaf surface temperatures were collected (top and bottom surfaces), and incorporated into the DYMEX simulator in order to compare the effects of air and leaf surface temperature on the population dynamics of L. trifolii. The initial population consisted of 50 eggs, which were laid by five female L. trifolii in early June. The number of L. trifolii larvae was counted by visual inspection of the tomato plants in order to verify the performance of DYMEX simulation. The egg, pupa, and adult stage of L. trifolii could not be counted due to its infeasible of visual inspection. A significant positive correlation between the observed and the predicted numbers of larvae was found when the leaf surface temperatures were incorporated into the DYMEX simulation (r = 0.97, p < 0.01), but no significant positive correlation was observed with air temperatures(r = 0.40, p = 0.18). This study demonstrated that the population dynamics of L. trifolii was affected greatly by the leaf temperatures, though to little discernible degree by the air temperatures, and thus the leaf surface temperature should be for a consideration in the management of L. trifolii within cherry tomato greenhouses.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.46 no.1 s.145
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• pp.71-78
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• 2007

Biological control of Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) using Diglyphus isaea (Walker) has been evaluated in tomato greenhouse, for three seasonal culture types: spring type (March-July), summer type (June-October) and autumn type (July-December). For spring type, totally 5.8 $individuals/m^2$ of D. isaea has been released at six times from late April, when the density of L. trifolii was about 1.0 individuals/plant. Corrected mortality of Liriomyza trifolii caused by parasitoids was 97.6% at early July, and the proportion of D. isaea was 88.9% of all parasitoids collected in the greenhouse. In the case of summer type, totally 1.8 $individuals/m^2$ of D. isaea has been released at five times from early July, when the density of 1. trifolii was about 0.4 individuals/plant. Corrected mortality of L. trifolii caused by parasitoids was 84.4% during the whole season, but the proportion of D. isaea was very low (only 13.8%). Immigrating parasitoids such as Chrysocharis penthus were synchronized to control the leafminer in the greenhouse. For autumn type, totally 2.7$individuals/m^2$ of D. isaea has been released at four times from mid September, when the density of L. trifolii was about 0.7 individuals/plant. Corrected mortality of f. trifolii caused by parasitoids was 85.7% at mid December, and the proportion of the D. isaea was 83.4%.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.302-308
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• 1996

This study was conducted to investigate occurrence and host ranges of Liriomyza trifolii Burgess, American serpentineleafminer, in Chonnam province. Also, temperature effects on the development along with morphologicalcharacteristics in each instar of L. trifolii were studied. L. hifolii was observed from 22 species inthe 7 families. Gerbera, chrysanthemum and tomato were the most damaged host plants. Egg was transparentwhite with lengthlwidth of 0.27 mm10.25 mm while matured larva was yellow with that of 2.03 mm10.80 mmrevealing serpentine gallary under leaf cuticle. Pupa was light brown with that of 1.75 mrn10.74 mm and pupatedon the soil and/or leaf surface. Lengthlwing span of adult was 1.78 mm/3.43 mm. Number of oviposition/sucking punches by L. bifolii adult was 26.1% and 13.3% in tomato and gerbera leaves respectively. Feedingactivity of larval stage was highest at 2OoC. Developmental~threshold (DT) and effective accumulative temperatures(ET) on gerbera leaves were 11.2"C, 33.9DD in egg, 10.3'C, 38.6DD in larva, 10.7"C, 152.3DD inpupa, and 10.8"C, 222.8DD from egg to pupa. On tomato leaves, DT and ET were 13.6"C, 20.2DD in egg, 9.3"C, 43.7DD in larva, ll.O$^{\circ}$C, 114.3DD in pupa, and 11.6"C 178.2DD from egg to pupaDD in pupa, and 11.6"C 178.2DD from egg to pupa pupa.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.409-414
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• 2007

Economic injury levels and economic thresholds were estimated for the american serpentine leafminer (Liriomyza trifolii) on greenhouse eggplant. Liriomyza trifolii density was increased until the late June and decreased after the July in innoculation on may 17. Growth of an aerial plants and fruits were not different in treatment respectively. But total number of fruits and yields were decreased on higher inoculation density. Whereas the rate of yield loss was increased. The rates of damaged leaf by L. trifolii were increased on higher inoculation density and the peak was 65%. The number of commodity fruits and the rates of commodity fruit were become lower than non-treatment (72.2%). The rates of damaged leaf area were 5.3, 11.7, 19.7, 25.7% on inoculation densities and the rates of yield loss were 0.6, 4.8, 9.8, 14.7%, respectively. There existed close correlation between rate of yield loss and inoculation density (Y = 0.76779X + 0.298354, $R^2\;=\;0.9599$). Considerated of the results, the economic injury levels of L. trifolii on eggplant greenhouse was 6.1 adults per 4 plant and the economic thresholds was 4.9 adults per 4 plant.