• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 2007

Objectives : This in vitro research was conducted to investigate the effect of the Ginseng Radix plus Crataegi Fructus. on the cytokine protein release and Nitric oxide release in releted to Alzheimer's disease. Methods : Specifically, the effects of the Ginseng Radix plus Crataegi Fructus extract on $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$ of BV2 microglia cell line treated with lipopolysacchride. Results: The Ginseng Radix plus Crataegi Fructus extract suppressed the production of inflammatory cytokine protein $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$ and in BV2 microglia cell line treated with lipopolysacchride. Conclusion: These results suggest that the Ginseng Radix plus Crataegi Fructus extract may be effective for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Investigation into the clinical use of the Gin-CHF extract for Alzheimer's disease is suggested for future research.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.154.2-154.2
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• 2000

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.133-141
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• 2006

Objectives : This research was investigated the effect of the Ginseng Radix plus Crataegi Fructus on the gene expression in relation to Alzheimer's disease. Methods : Observed gene expression of the Ginseng Radix plus Crataegi Fructus extract on $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$, COX-2, and NOS-II mRNA of BV2 microglia cell line treated with lipopolysacchride. Results : The Ginseng Radix plus Crataegi Fructus extract suppressed the gene expression of $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$, COX-2, NOS-II mRNA in BV2 microglia cell line treated with lipopolysacchride. Conclusion : These results suggest that the Ginseng Radix plus Crataegi Fructus extract may be effective for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Investigation into the clinical use of the Ginseng Radix plus Crataegi Fructus extract for Alzheimer's disease is suggested for future research.

• Journal of Evidence-Based Herbal Medicine
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.7-11
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of extract from Hwang lyun tang (HLT) on the THP-1 cell and HMC-1 cell. To evaluate of anti-inflammatory of HLT, we examined cytokines production in lipopolysacchride (LPS)-induced THP-1 cell and A23187, PMA-induced HMC-1 cell. Extract of HLT inhibit LPS-induced interleukin (IL)-8 production in human monocyte THP-1 cells. Extract of HLT inhibit A23187, PMA-induced IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-$\alpha$ (INF-$\alpha$) production in HMC-1 cells. HLT down-regulated LPS-induced IL-8 production and A23187, PMA-induced IL-8, TNF-$\alpha$ production, which may be provide a clinical basis for anti-inflammatory properities of HLT.

• Journal of Evidence-Based Herbal Medicine
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2008

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of extract from Jak-Yak Tang (JYT) on the THP-1 cell and HMC-1 cell. Method : To evaluate of anti-inflammatory of JYT, we examined cytokines production in lipopolysacchride (LPS)-induced THP-1 cell and A23187, PMA-induced HMC-1 cell. Result : Extract of JYT inhibit LPS-induced interleukin (IL)-8 production in human monocyte THP-1 cells. Extract of JYT inhibit A23187, PMA-induced IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-$\alpha$ (INF-$\alpha$) production in HMC-1 cells. Conclusion : NT down-regulated LPS-induced IL-8 production and A23187, PMA-induced IL-8, TNF-$\alpha$ production, which may be provide a clinical basis for anti-inflammatory properities of JYT.

• Journal of Evidence-Based Herbal Medicine
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of Ecklonia cava butanol extract (BFEC) on RAW 264.7 cells. Method : To evaluate of anti-inflammatory of BFEC, We examined cytokine and Nitric oxide(NO) production in lipopolysacchride (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cell. Result : Extract of BFEC inhibit LPS-induced interleukin (IL)-6, NO production in human monocyte RAW 264.7 cells. Conclusion : BFEC down-regulated LPS-induced IL-6, NO production, which may be provide a clinical basis for anti-inflammatory properities of BFEC.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.127-132
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• 2007

Objectives : FLOS CHRYSANTHEMI (FC) has been reported to possess a variety of pharmacological activities. However, the effect of FC on the dendritic cells has not been determined. Methods : To examine the effect of FC on the immune response, we used several methods such as flow cytometric analyses, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results : 1. FC inhibited lipopolysacchride (LPS)-induced maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDC) such as down-regulation of MHC class II and CD40. 2. FC also inhibited uptake of FITC-Dextran in BMDC stimulated with LPS. 3. Furthermore, FC inhibited several kinds of cytokine production such as TNF-a, IL-6 and IL-12 in BMDC. Conclusions : These results suggest that FC plays pivotal role m the development of inflammatory diseases.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.209.2-210
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• 2003

Nitric oxide (NO) and prostagladins(PGs) produced by inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) and cyclooxygenase(COX-2) are known as inflammatory mediator. Modulation of these enzymes, induced by many stimuli(LPS, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, phorbol ester, etc), is a potent strategy as treatment of inflammatory diseases. Treatment of murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cell line with indole compound(IND-6) markedly reduced lipopolysacchride(LPS) stimulated NO production in a concentration-related manner. (omitted)

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 2007

Objectives : This research was investigated the effect of the Ginseng Radix plus Chaenomelis Fructus on Alzheimer's disease. Methods : Specifically, the effects of the Ginseng Radix plus Chaenomelis Fructus extract on $IL-1{\beta}$, $TNF-{\alpha}$ of BV2 microglia cell line treated with lipopolysacchride. Results : The Ginseng Radix plus Chaenomclis Fructus extract suppressed the over-expression of $IL-1{\beta}$ protein, $TNF-{\alpha}$ protein, MDA, and CD68/CD11b, in the mice with Alzheimer's disease induced by ${\beta}$ amyloid peptide. Conclusion: These results suggest that the Ginseng Radix plus Chaenomelis Fructus extract may be effective for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Investigation into the clinical use of the Ginseng Radix plus Chaenomelis Fructus extract for Alzheimer's disease is suggested for future research.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.370-376
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• 2008

Ginsenoside Rp1 (G-Rp1) is a ginseng saponin derivative with chemopreventive and anti-cancer activities. In this study, we examined the regulatory activity of G-Rp1 on the functional activation of macrophages. G-Rp1 remarkably inhibited TNF-$\alpha$ production, LPS-induced cell cytotoxicity, NO production, ROS generation, and phagocytic uptake from lipopolysacchride (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 cells. According to structural feature study using several G-Rp1 analogs, two carbohydrates (glucose-glucose) at R1 position were observedto be highly effective, compared to other structural derivatives. Although the inhibitory activities of G-Rp1 on macrophage functions were not remarkable, several points that G-Rp1 was known to be safe, and that this compound was orally effective, suggest that G-Rp1 may be beneficial in treating macrophage-mediated immunological diseases.