• 제목/요약/키워드: Lipopolysaccharide Challenge

검색결과 59건 처리시간 0.022초

Effects of Chromium Propionate Supplementation on Growth Performance, Serum Traits and Immune Response in Weaned Pigs

  • Lien, T.-F.;Yang, K.-H.;Lin, K.-J.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제18권3호
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    • pp.403-408
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    • 2005
  • This study investigated the effects of chromium propionate on growth performance, serum traits and immune response in weaned pigs. Twenty-four 4 wk-old crossbred weanling pigs (initial body weight about 9.52${\pm}$0.48 kg) were randomly allotted into one of two groups, a control group (basal diet), chromium propionate group (diet supplemented with 200 ${\mu}g$ $kg^{-1}$ (ppb) of chromium propionate). This experiment was conducted over nine weeks. Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 100 ${\mu}g$ $kg^{-1}$ BW was used as the stress-inducing agent in the middle (4 wks) and final (8 wks) periods. The experimental results indicated that chromium propionate had no effect on growth performance (p>0.05). Chromium propionate supplementation reduced the percentage of LDL+VLDL (low and very low-density lipoprotein) and increased HDL (high-density lipoprotein), but did not affect other serum traits. Pigs supplemented with chromium propionate had higher antibody titers specific for sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and serum total globulin relative to the control during the final period (p<0.05). A challenge with LPS increased white blood cells in the chromium propionate group in both experimental periods (p<0.05). The chromium propionate group exhibited higher IgG and $\gamma$-globulin than the control during the middle experimental period (p<0.05). Moreover, the PHA (phytohemagglutinin) challenge result in the chromium propionate group was better than the control group (p=0.056). Greater neutrophil activity was displayed than in the control (p<0.05). This suggests that chromium propionate supplementation benefited the weaned pigs in lipoprotein and immune response.

Effects of Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Antibody Production and Lymphocyte Proliferation of Laying Hens

  • Xia, Z.G.;Guo, Y.M.;Chen, S.Y.;Yuan, J.M.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제16권9호
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    • pp.1320-1325
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    • 2003
  • The purpose of present study was to assess the effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on the immune responses of laying hens. Three hundred and sixty hens at the age of 60 weeks were randomly assigned to ten diets, which contained no oil (CK), 1%, 3%, 5% fish oil (FO); 2%, 4%, 6% linseed oil (LO) and 2%, 4%, 6% corn oil (CO). After 5 weeks of feeding experimental diets, humoral and cellular immune responses were assayed. Laying hens were injected with Sheep Red Blood Cell (SRBC) and Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) and antibody titers, which were measured on d6, d10, d14 after primary challenge and on d5, d9, d13 after secondary challenge. Concanavalin (ConA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -stimulated proliferation of peripheral blood and spleen lymphocytes were assessed by [$^3$H] thymidine incorporation at the week age of 5 and 10, respectively. The results showed that antibody titers in FO-fed and LO-fed laying hens were higher than that in laying hens fed CO. The proliferation response to ConA was lower in laying hens that fed oils rich in n-3 fatty acids than that in laying hens fed CO. Higher level n-3 fatty acids can improve immune functions of laying hens. In conclusion, dietary fat source and level had a significant impact on immune responses of laying hens.

내독소내성 마우스에서 Nitric Oxide 생성에 미치는 림프구 부전 (Impaired Functions of Lymphocytes on Nitric Oxide Production in Endotoxin- Tolerant Mice)

  • 길영기;강미경
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제18권11호
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    • pp.1471-1478
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    • 2008
  • 본 연구에서는 내독소내성 상태에 있는 마우스 세포의 싸이토카인 생성능을 측정하기 위하여 대식세포-림프구 공동배양계를 이용한 nitric oxide (NO) 생성을 조사하였다. 마우스 복강 대식세포에 lipopolysaccharide (LPS)와 interferon-g (IFN-g)를 처리시 NO 생성이 증가되었으며, tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) 또한 LPS처럼 NO 합성을 자극하는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 한편, 대식세포를 비장세포와 공동배양시, LPS 단독처리만으로도 NO 합성이 증가되었다. 반면, 2.5 mg/kg LPS로 전처리하고 치사량의 LPS를 2차 투여한 마우스의 경우, 마우스의 치사 및 혈중 TNF-a와 IFN-g가 증가되지 않았다. 또한 LPS-내성 마우스로부터 분리한 대식세포를 정상 비장세포와 공동배양시 LPS에 의한 NO생성이 일어나지 않았으며, 외래 TNF-a에 의한 NO 생성도 일어나지 않았다. 이와 아울러 정상 대식세포와 LPS 내성 마우스로부터 분리한 비장세포를 공동배양하였을 때, LPS 자극으로 인한 NO 생성이 일어나지 않았으며, 이러한 억제현상은 외래 IFN-g 또는 IFN-g 생성을 촉진시키는 concanavalin A (ConA)에 의해서 다시 역전되었다. 이러한 결과는 대식세포 뿐만 아니라 림프구도 LPS 내성에 관여하는 것을 보여준다고 사료된다. INF-g는 TNF-a 발현을 증가시키기 때문에, 림프구의 INF-g 합성 감소는 LPS에 내성을 보이는 대식세포의 TNF-a 합성 저하와 상호작용으로 내독소내성 상태를 유도하며 과도한 염증반응을 억제하는 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 LPS 내독소내성은 중환자의 심각한 패혈증에 대한 예방법으로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Lipopolysaccharide로 유도된 염증 mouse model에서의 황련해독탕(黃連解毒湯)과 건강부자탕(乾薑附子湯)의 효능평가 (Evaluation of Efficacy evaluation of Hwangryunhaedok-tang and Gungangbuja-tang on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation mouse model)

  • 최유연;김미혜;이태희;양웅모
    • 대한한의학방제학회지
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    • 제20권2호
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    • pp.83-92
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    • 2012
  • 본 연구를 통해서, 한(寒) 처방의 대표 처방인 황련해독탕(黃連解毒湯)과 열(熱) 처방의 대표 처방인 건강부자탕(乾薑附子湯) 모두 항염 효능을 확인할 수 있었으나, 그 작용 기전에 있어 뚜렷한 차이를 나타내었다. 이러한 차이는 한의학의 기본 이론인 한열에 대한 개념에 대한 연구의 초석이 될 수 있기를 바라며, 각 개별 약물의 효능 및 다른 처방들과 다른 기전적 실험이 추가적으로 필요할 것을 보인다.

Endotoxin-induced renal tolerance against ischemia and reperfusion injury is removed by iNOS, but not eNOS, gene-deletion

  • Kim, Jee-In;Jang, Hee-Seong;Park, Kwon-Moo
    • BMB Reports
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    • 제43권9호
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    • pp.629-634
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    • 2010
  • Endotoxin including lipopolysaccharide (LPS) confers organ tolerance against subsequent challenge by ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) insult. The mechanisms underlying this powerful adaptive defense remain to be defined. Therefore, in this study we attempted to determine whether nitric oxide (NO) and its associated enzymes, inducible NOS (iNOS) and endothelial NOS (eNOS, a constitutive NOS), are associated with LPS-induced renal tolerance against I/R injury, using iNOS (iNOS knock-out) or eNOS (eNOS knock-out) gene-deleted mice. A systemic low dose of LPS pretreatment protected kidney against I/R injury. LPS treatment increased the activity and expression of iNOS, but not eNOS, in kidney tissue. LPS pretreatment in iNOS, but not eNOS, knock-out mice did not protect kidney against I/R injury. In conclusion, the kidney tolerance to I/R injury conferred by pretreatment with LPS is mediated by increased expression and activation of iNOS.

Genomic Organization, Tissue Distribution and Developmental Expression of Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Isoforms in Mud Loach Misgurnus mizolepis

  • Lee, Sang Yoon;Kim, Dong Soo;Nam, Yoon Kwon
    • Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • 제16권4호
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    • pp.291-301
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    • 2013
  • The genomic organization, tissue distribution, and developmental expression of two paralogous GAPDH isoforms were characterized in the mud loach Misgurnus mizolepis (Cypriniformes). The mud loach gapdh isoform genes (mlgapdh-1 and mlgapdh-2) had different exon-intron organizations: 12 exons in mlgapdh-1 (spanning to 4.88 kb) and 11 in mlgapdh-2 (11.78 kb), including a non-translated exon 1 in each isoform. Southern blot hybridization suggested that the mud loach might possess the two copies of mlgapdh-1 and a single copy of mlgapdh-2. The mlgapdh-1 transcript levels are high in tissues requiring high energy flow, such as skeletal muscle and heart, whereas mlgapdh-2 is expressed abundantly in the brain. Both isoforms are differentially regulated during embryonic and larval development, during which their expression is upregulated with the progress of development. Lipopolysaccharide challenge preferentially induced mlgapdh-2 transcripts in the liver. Therefore, the two isoforms have diversified functionally; mlgapdh-1 is associated more closely with energy metabolism, while mlgapdh-2 is related more to stress/immune responses, in the mud loach.

The Effects of Platycodi Radix on the Induction of LPS and the Activation of $NF-{\kappa}Bp$, the Lung Disease of White Rats

  • Kim Hyun-Joong;Park Dong-Il;Kim Won-Il
    • 대한한의학회지
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    • 제26권1호
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    • pp.18-25
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    • 2005
  • Objective & Methods: We examined the effects of Platycodi radix on the process of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nuclear factor $NF-{\kappa}Bp65$ and inhibitory $(I)-{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ alteration in RAW 264.7 cells and acute lung injury in rats. Results: Immunoblot analysis showed that LPS-induced degradation of $I-{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ in RAW 264.7 was inhibited by pretreatment of Platycodi radix. The total cells of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid by LPS challenge markedly decreased in the Platycodi radix pretreatment rats. Platycodi radix pretreatment also caused a decline in neutrophils infiltration into interstitium of the lung. In the alveolar macrophages and neutrophils, decreased $NF-{\kappa}Bp65$ and inducible nitric oxide synthase and increased $I-{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ immunoreaction were detected in Platycodi radix pretreated rats compared with LPS alone treated ones. Conclusion : It may be concluded that Platycodi radix attenuates the development of LPS-induced inflammation by reduction of $NF-{\kappa}Bp65$ activation and neutrophil-mediated acute lung injury. Platycodi radix would be useful as a therapeutic agent for endotoxin-induced lung disease.

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3-(4′-hydroxyl-3′, 5′-dimethoxyphenyl) Propionic Acid Suppresses NO Production and Elevates GSH Levels in Murine Macrophages

  • Song, Young-Sun;Choi, Chun-Yeon;Suh, Hongsuk;Song, Yeong-Ok
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • 제9권3호
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    • pp.270-275
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    • 2004
  • Previous studies have shown that kimchi and kimchi-derived 3-(4'-hydroxyl-3', 5'-dimethoxyphenyl) propionic acid have anti-oxidative and hypolipidemic effects in rats and rabbits. This study was designed to investigate whether chemically synthesized 3-(4'-hydroxyl-3', 5' -dimethoxyphenyl) propionic acid (HDMPPA) may ameliorate oxidative stress through the regulation of nuclear factor KB (NFkB) activation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. Treatment of RAW 264.7 cells with 400 uM of HDMPPA significantly reduced LPS-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) production. Treatments with HDMPPA at 100 uM to 400 uM concentrations significantly elevated glutathione (GSH) level. However, cell viability and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) concentrations were not affected by the concentrations of HDMPPA used. The specific DNA binding activities of NFKB, a transcription factor which is sensitive to oxidative stress, were not down-regulated by HDMPPA treatments. These results suggest that HDMPPA may have weak anti-oxidative activity against LPS challenge by scavenging NO and stimulating GSH production.

닭에서 사육밀도 및 Lipopolysaccharide 투여가 면역장기 무게, 혈액 생화학적 성상 및 친염증 사이토카인 mRNA 발현에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Stocking Density and Lipopolysaccharide on Immune Organ Weights, Blood Biochemical Profiles and the mRNA Expression of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in Chicks)

  • 장인석;송민혜;김하나;문양수;손시환
    • 한국가금학회지
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    • 제43권3호
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    • pp.149-157
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    • 2016
  • 본 연구는 닭에서 사육밀도[(대조군(SSD) $495cm^2$/수 vs. 고밀도사육군(HSD) $245cm^2$/수] 및 LPS 투여(5 mg/kg BW)가 다른 각종 생리적 스트레스 지표에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 실시되었다. 대조군, HSD군 및 LPS군(5 mg/kg BW)에서 체중 및 장기 무게를 조사한 결과, SSD군과 HSD군간 비교 시 체중은 고밀도사육 시 현저히(p<0.05) 감소하였으나, 간, 비장 및 흉선 무게는 차이가 없었다. LPS 투여군에서는 대조군에 비해 흉선과 F-낭 무게가 유의적(p<0.05)으로 증가하였다. 혈액 생화학적 성분에서 AST, ALT 및 BUN 수준은 SSD군과 HSD군 간에는 차이가 없었지만, LPS군에서 증가되었다(p<0.05). 혈중 Ca, P, CK, uric acid 수준 모두 LPS군에서유의하게(p<0.05) 높았다. 혈중 corticosterone 수준은 LPS군에서 SSD군과 HSD군에 비해 유의적(p<0.05)으로 증가되었으나, SSD와 HSD군 간에는 차이가 없었다. 친염증 사이토카인 mRNA 발현을 조사한 결과, 간 조직의 $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6 및 iNOS mRNA 발현은 LPS군에서 SSD군에 비해 증가되었으나(p<0.05), SSD군과 HSD군 간에는 차이가 없었다. 흉선 $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, IL-18 mRNA 유전자 역시 LPS군에서 다른 군들에 비해 유의하게(p<0.05) 증가되었다. HSD군에서 흉선의 $IL-1{\beta}$는 SSD군에 비해 현저히(p<0.05) 증가되었다. F-낭의 $IL-1{\beta}$ 발현은 LPS군에서 SSD군에 비해 증가되었으나(p<0.05), 다른 사이토카인은 차이가 없었다. 이상의 결과, 고밀도사육에 따른 만성스트레스 요인은 닭의 환경적응성에 따라 생산성을 제외한 다른 지표들의 변화는 적었으나, LPS 투여는 혈액생화학성분 및 친염증 사이토카인 mRNA 발현을 현저하게 변화시켰다.

내독소로 전처치한 쥐 폐포상피에서 HSP70 유도가 추가 내독소 자극에 따른 IL-6 생성능 및 세포생존도에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) Induction after Lipopolysaccharide Exposure on the IL-6 Production and the Cell Viability after Subsequent Lipopolysaccharide Challenge in Murine Alveolar Epithelial Cells)

  • 이정미;김진숙;김영균;김승준;이숙영;권순석;박성학
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • 제58권4호
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    • pp.375-384
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    • 2005
  • 목 적 : 폐포상피세포의 LPS 전처치 여부에 따라 HSP70 유도가 추가 LPS 자극에 의한 IL-6 생성능 및 세포생존도에 미치는 영향과 그 기전에 HSP70이 관여하는 지를 관찰하였다. 방 법 : 쥐의 폐포상피세포를 배양하여 LPS 전처치군과 비처치군으로 분류한 후, 각 군을 다시 대조군, quercetin 단독투여군, HSP70 유도군, HSP70 억제군으로 나누어 추가 LPS자극 후에 HSP70 발현, IL-6 생성능 및 세포생존도를 관찰하였다. HSP70 유도에는 sodium arsenite(SA)를, HSP70 억제에는 quercetin을 사용하였으며, HSP70 발현은 western blot으로, IL-6 생성능은 ELISA로 측정하였다. 세포생존도는 단순화한 MTT 측정법으로 관찰하였다. 결 과 : 세포 생존도에 영향을 미치지 않으면서 충분한 HSP70 발현을 유도하는 SA 농도는 $50{\mu}M$, HSP70 발현을 억제하는 quercetin 농도는 $100{\mu}M$이었다. LPS 전치치 여부에 상관없이 HSP70 유도군은 대조군에 비해 추가 LPS자극에 의한 IL-6 생성능이 현저히 감소하였으며, HSP70 억제군은 HSP70 유도군에 비해 추가 LPS자극에 의한 IL-6 생성능이 유의하게 다시 증가하였다. 세포생존도는 LPS 비처치군에서는 각 실험군이 대조군에 비해 유의하게 증가하였지만, LPS 전처치군에서는 각 군 간에 차이가 없었다. 결 론 : 이와 같은 결과는 쥐폐포상피세포에서 LPS 전처치 후에 HSP70 유도를 하면 세포생존도에는 영향을 미치지 않으면서 추가 LPS 자극에 따른 IL-6 생성능이 억제되며, 이러한 현상이 나타나는 기전에는 HSP70 자체가 중요한 역할을 하고 있음을 시사한다.