• Nutritional Sciences
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.36-41
• /
• 2000

The aim of this study was to evalute the effect of multivitamin-mineral supplementation during pregnancy on plasma levels of antioxidants, erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activities, and lipid peroxidation. A controlled, semi-randomized, prospective trial was performed by comparing the supplement group, which received multivitamin-mineral tables once daily for 10 weeks, with the control group. Plasma levels of $\beta$-carotene, tocopherol, coenzyme Q10, ascorbate, folate, zinc, and selenium and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as the activities of superocxide dismutase(SOD) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) in erythrocytes were measured initially (20 wk gestation) and at the end of the intervention (34 wk gestation). In the control group, plasma ascorbate and selenium levels decreased and tocopherol levels increased. In the supplement group, a significant increase in plasma $\beta$-carotene(46%), conenzyme Q10 (42%), and zinc (24%) was observed after 10 weeks of supplementation. No changes were observed in the plasma levels of MDA, and erythrocyte GSH-Px activity, while SOD activity increased in both control group and the supplement group during the intervention. These data suggest that multivitamin-mineral supplementation during pregnancy produced moderate increases in plasma $\beta$-carotens, coenzyme Q10, and zinc concentrations but the enhancement of those plasma antioxidants had on direct on the plasma level of MDA, erythrocytes SOD or GSH-Px activities.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제41권4호
• /
• pp.487-493
• /
• 2012

홍국고구마가 고지방식이를 섭취한 흰쥐의 배변량 및 지질대사 개선에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 SD계 수컷 흰쥐를 대상으로 실험 1기(6주)에 고지방식이를 급여하고, 실험 2기(4주)에 3종의 고구마분말(일반, 홍국, 자색)을 5% 첨가한 식이를 급여했을 때, 배변량은 홍국고구마군(RYSP)이 고지방대조군(CON)에 비해 유의하게 증가하였고(p<0.05), 장 통과시간 역시 RYSP군이 가장 짧았다. 분변 중 총콜레스테롤(TC) 함량은 일반고구마군(WFSP)과 홍국고구마군(RYSP)이 유의하게 높았고(p<0.05), 그중에서도 RYSP군이 더 높은 함량을 나타내었으며, 중성지방(TG) 농도는 RYSP군이 WFSP군과 PFSP(자색고구마)군에 비해 각각 9%, 26% 더 높았으나 유의성은 없었다. 반면 1일 총 지질배설량은 TC와 TG 모두 RYSP군이 CON군과 PFSP군에 비해 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 혈청 중 TC 농도는 RYSP군이 CON군에 비해 유의적 차이 없이 20% 감소하였고, LDL-C 농도는 RYSP, PFSP군이 CON군보다 통계적으로 유의하게 낮았으며(p<0.05), TG 농도는 RYSP군이 실험군중 가장 낮았고 이는 WFSP군과 유의적인 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과에서 홍국고구마 식이는 배변량을 증가시키고, 분변 중 지질 배설량을 다소 증가시키며, 혈청 지질 농도의 감소 효과를 확인할 수 있었다.

• Nutritional Sciences
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.82-91
• /
• 2006

This study was performed to investigate the effect of normal diet with or without naringin supplement on the lipid and antioxidant metabolism in ethanol-treated rats for a short tenn. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups (n=10), which were assigned to one of three dietary categories : $E_8$ : ethanol diet for 8 wks, $E_4N_4$ : ethanol diet for the first 4 wks and normal diet for the last 4 wks, $E_4Nna_4$ : ethanol diet for the first 4 wks and normal diet with naringin supplement for the last 4 wks. Plasma total cholesterol concentrations were significantly higher in ethanol fed rats for 8 weeks. The HDL-C/total-C ratios of the $E_4N_4$ and the $E_4Nna_4$ groups were significantly higher than that of the $E_8$ group, while the atherogenic index was lower in the $E_4N_4$ and the $E_4Nna_4$ groups than in the $E_8$ group. The $E_4N_4$ and $E_4Nna_4$ diets significantly lowered both the hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride levels compared to the $E_8$ group. Accumulation of hepatic lipid droplets was observed to be the highest in the $E_8$ group. In the current study, the naringin supplement to normal diet significantly lowered both the hepatic HMG-CoA reductase and ACAT activities in ethanol pre-treated rats for 4 weeks. Antioxidant enzyme activities were also upregulated when ethanol feeding was ceased. Naringin supplement given for 4 weeks after ethanol cessation resulted in a significant decrease in the plasma cholesterol and hepatic lipids and plasma TBARS as well as the hepatic HMG-CoA reductase and ACAT activities compared to the rats given ethanol diet for the entire 8 weeks. Replacement of normal diet following a short tenn ethanol feeding was effective for the recovery of ethanol-induced fatty liver and for normalizing plasma and hepatic lipid profiles and antioxidant enzyme activities, regardless of an additional phytochemical supplement, naringin. The effect of naringin could seemingly be more evident if its supplementation period had been extended longer than 4 weeks after ethanol cessation.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제2권4호
• /
• pp.227-233
• /
• 2008

The aim of the present study was to assess the anti-obesity effects of grape seed extract (GSE) supplement in C57BL/6J mice. Thirty mice were divided into three groups; normal diet control group (ND), high fat diet control group (HD) and high fat diet plus grape seed extract supplemented group (HD+GSE). Results were as follows: 1. GSE supplement reduced the weight gain in mice fed high fat diets; epididymal and back fat weights, were lower compared to non-supplemented HD group. 2. Blood lipid concentrations were lower in the HD+GSE group than in the HD group. Serum HDL-C concentrations were higher in the HD+GSE group compared with the other groups. 3. The concentrations of acid-insoluble acylcarnitines, (AIAC) in serum and liver were higher in the HD+GSE group than in the HD group. 4. GSE supplementation increased mRNA levels of lipolytic genes such as carnitine palmitoyltransferase-l (CPT-1) and decreased mRNA levels of lipogenic genes such as acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC). These findings suggest that grape seed extract supplements in high fat diet might normalize body weight, epididymal and back fat weights, lipid concentrations, and carnitine levels through controlling lipid metabolism.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.195-201
• /
• 1995

당뇨 모델에서 타우린의 보강에 의한 지질과산화물의 생성과 GSH 관련 효소들의 활성에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 alioxan을 이용한 I형과 KK-mouse에 고열량식이를 이용하여 II형 당뇨를 유도하였다. I형과 II형 각각에 정상대조군, 타우린보강군, 당뇨군, 타우린보강 당뇨군을 두어, 모두 8개 군으로 나누었으며, 타우린의 보강은 7일 동안 5%(w/v) 수준으로 자유로이 마시게 하였다. 간과 췌장에서 malondialdehycel(MDA), gluta-thione peroxidase(GPX), glutathions S-transferase(GST)의 활성을 측정하였다. 간조직에서 지질과산화물의 함량은 I형의 경우 당뇨군에서 매우 증가했고 타우린 보강에 의한 유의적으로 감소한 것을 볼 수 있었으며, II형에서는 타우린보강에 의해 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 췌장도 간과 같은 결과를 나타내었다. GPX의 활성은 간에서 I형 당뇨군이 유의적으로 증가했으나, II형 당뇨군에서는 유의적으로 감소했다. 타우린의 보강에 의해 GPX활성에는 유의적인 차이가 없었으며 췌장에서도 간과 비슷한 결과를 보였다. GST의 경우에도 당뇨 유도에 의한 활성 변화는 있었으나 타우린의 보강에 의한 활성 변화는 보이지 않았다. 이상의 결과들로 미루어 당뇨에 있어 타우린의 항산화작용은 당뇨 모델의 종류에 따라 다르며, GSH 관련 효소들의 활성변화 보다는 I형 당뇨 모델의 간과 췌장에서 지질과산화물의 생성을 억제하는 작용을 하리라고 생각 된다.

• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국동물번식학회 2004년도 춘계학술발표대회
• /
• pp.242-242
• /
• 2004

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of various supplements added into maturation medium of immature porcine oocytes on quantity of cytoplasmic lipid droplets(LD), subsequent fertilization and development to the blastocyst stage in vitro. The basic maturation medium was TCM 199 + 1 ㎍/㎖ FSH, 0.57 mM cystein, 10 ng/㎖ EGF and was supplemented various supplements(10% FBS, 10% pFF, 0.4% BSA, 1.0% BSA, 0.4% PVP, 1.0% PVP). (omitted)

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제33권3호
• /
• pp.518-522
• /
• 2004

이에 본 연구에서는 한국인에 적합한 비만 개선책을 찾고자 지방흡수억제 기능과 과잉의 탄수화물 흡수 억제 기전이 함께 작용하는 방법으로서 강낭콩(white kidney bean, Phaseolus vulgaris)에서 $\alpha$-amylases 활성을 저해하는 탄수화물 흡수 억제하는 추출물과 지방산과 콜레스테롤 합성에 관여하는 효소의 저해제인 HCA(hydroxycitric acid)를 함유하여 지방 합성을 저해, 식욕 억제 효과와 지방의 분해 촉진을 유도하는 가르시니아 캄보지아(Garcinia cambogia), 그리고 배변 활동을 원활하게 하도록 도움을 주는 수용성 식이 섬유(microstalline cellulose) 등을 배합하여 비만 개선용 다이어트 식이 조성물을 제조한 후 임상 실험을 수행한 결과 체중과 체지방 지수에서 유의한 감소효과를 얻을 수 있었다. 이들 결과를 종합하면, 강낭콩 추출물인 파제올라민과 가르시니아 캄보지아 추출물의 지방 합성 저해 효과, 그리고 수용성 식이 섬유 등을 첨가하여 제조한 비만 개선용 다이어트 식이 조성물이 임상실험에서 체중 증가를 효과적으로 억제할 수 있음을 관찰할 수 있었으며, 이는 현대 성인 질병 가운데 하나인 비만을 효과적으로 예방, 치료할 수 있는 다이어트 식이로 유용할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.97-103
• /
• 1996

This study was performed to investigate the effects of lipid on cellular senescence, lipid peroxide production, and morphological changes. For this study we used primary skin fibroblasts from neonate rats grown in media various lipid contents. Fibroblasts were cultured until they lost their proliferation potential either in control medium (Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium supplement with 10% fetal bovine serum) or in media supplemented with various concentrations of lipid-cholesterol rice component from bovine serum. Cumulative population doublings(CPD, as an index of cellular life span), and cellular thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS, as an index of lipid peroxide) concentrations were measured and morphological changes were observed. CPD were shortened with increasing lipid concentration in media ; 28.12 for cells grown in control medium and 13.42, 11.42, and 6.19 for those grown in 0.1%, 1% and 5% lipid rich components containing media, respectively. Cellular proliferation ratios were those grown in 5% lipid rich components containing media were delayed and they were degenerated soon. TBARS concentrations were increased with increasing concentration of lipid in media. Morphological changes were observed in cells grown in control medium by cellular senescence. Especially lipid droplets were observed in cells grown in 5% lipid rich components containing media. Therefore it seems that lipid contents in media had an effect on cellular proliferation and cellular life span, possibly via lipid peroxide production.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제56권8호
• /
• pp.29.1-29.6
• /
• 2014

This study compared the effects of varying lipid content and dietary concentration of a lipid-encapsulated (LE) ZnO product to those of native ZnO and thereby to find insights into optimal lipid coating and dosage of the Zn supplement. A total of 192 21-d-old weanling pigs were allotted to 48 pens, after which each six pens received a ZnO-free basal diet supplemented with 125 ppm ZnO (100 ppm Zn; BASAL), 2,500 ppm Zn as native ZnO (HIGH), or 100 or 200 ppm Zn as LE ZnO (LE-100 or LE-250) containing 8%, 10%, or 12% lipid [LE-8%, LE-10%, or LE-12%, respectively; $2{\times}3$ factorial arrangement within the LE-ZnO diets (LE-ALL)] for 14 d. Forty pigs were killed at the end for histological and biochemical examinations. None of ADG, ADFI, gain:feed, and fecal consistency score differed between the LE-ALL and either of the BASAL and HIGH groups. Hepatic and serum Zn concentrations were greater (p <0.05) in the HIGH vs. LE-ALL group, but did not differ between LE-ALL and BASAL, between LE-100 and -250, or among LE-8%, -10%, and -12% groups. Villus height (VH), crypt depth (CD), and the VH:CD ratio in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum did not differ between the LE-ALL and either of the BASAL and HIGH groups, except for a greater CD in the duodenum in the LE-ALL vs. HIGH group. Additionally, VH and CD in the duodenum and VH:CD in the jejunum were greater in the LE-250 vs. LE-100 group. Specific activities of sucrase, maltase, and leucine aminopeptidase in these intestinal regions and those of amylase and trypsin in the pancreas were not influenced by the lipid content or dietary concentration of LE ZnO and also did not differ between the LE-ALL and either of the BASAL and HIGH groups, except for a greater pancreatic amylase activity in the former vs. HIGH group. In conclusion, the present results indicate that the LE ZnO, regardless of its lipid percentage or supplementation level examined in this study, has no significant effect on growth performance, fecal consistency, or digestive enzyme activities of weanling pigs under the experimental conditions.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제31권5호
• /
• pp.906-913
• /
• 1998

This study an analyzes the effects of the P/S ratio of dietary lipids and antioxidant vitamin supplements on serum lipids level and fatty acid profile, the degree of lipid peroxidation, and the antioxidant enzyme activities in the liver of rats treated with 7,12-dimethylbenz($\alpha$) anthracene(DMBA). P/S ratio of dietary lipids was made into 0.5, 1 and 2 by mixing palm oil, soybean oil, sesame oil and perilla oil at 10%(w/w) fat level and n-6/n-3 ratio was fixed to 4. Antioxidant vitamin of $\alpha$-tocopherol or $\beta$-carotene was supplemented in addition to vitamin mixture which was given at 1 % of the standard diet. female Sprague-Dawley strain rats, about 60 days old, were divided into three groups(LP : low P/S ratio(0.5), MP : medium P/S ratio (1.0), HP , high P/S ratio(2.0)) and each group was sub-divided into three groups(S ; standard, T ; tocopherol supplemented, C : carotene supplemented): Two weeks after feeding experimental diets, all groups were treated with a single dose of DMBA(2mg/100g BW) by gastric intubation and fed experimental diet for 9 week. The results were as follows ; 1) Serum total cholesterol(TC) level was not significantly influenced by diet but tended to be lower in HP groups compared to LP and MP groups. Triglyceride level was the highest in LP groups and the lowest in $\alpha$-tocopherol supplemented groups. 2) Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS) level, representing lipid peroxidation in hepatic microsome, tended to be increased as the unsaturation of dietary lipids increases. $\alpha$-Tocopherol supplement significantly decreased TBARS level. 3) The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and glutathione peroxidase(GSHPx) in hepatic cytosol showed the tendency to be high with increasing P/S ratio of dietary lipids. SOD activity was not significantly influenced by antioxidant vitamin, but GSHPx activity was significantly increased in $\alpha$-tocopherol supplemented groups. In summary, high polyunsaturated fat diet was effective on reducing the serum level of total cholesterol and triglyceride, while it increased unsaturation and peroxidizability of serum fatty acid. With increasing P/S ratio of dietary lipids, lipid peroxidation was increased in the liver and antioxidant enzyme system was induced to inhibit lipid peroxidation against oxidative damage. $\alpha$-Tocopherol supplement was effective in lowering lipid peoxidation, but $\beta$-carotene supplement did not exhibit antioxidant effect. (Korean J Nutrition 31(5) 906~913, 1998)