• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.538-543
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• 2000

가열 처리된 우육, 돈육, 계육, 양육과 염소육과의 종판별을 위한 효소면역측정법(ELISA)을 확립하기 위하여 염소육을 $98^{\circ}C$에서 15분간 열처리해서 추출액을 분리하였다. 열에 안정한 주요 단백질(TS)은 분자량이 36과 38kDa이었고 두 분자량대의 단백질의 pI값은 4.5로 확인되었으며 면역원으로 사용하기 위해 이온교환 (DEAE-Sephadex A-50)과 겔 여과(Sephadex G-75) 크로마토그래피로 정제하였다. 분리, 정제된 TS단백질을 토끼에 면역하여 염소육에 대해 특이성을 갖는 항체를 생산하고 항TS 항체를 이용하여 간접경합 ELISA를 확립하였다. 항TS 항체는 가열 처리된 계육, 우육, 돈육, 양육과는 반응성이 전혀 없었고 동일하게 처리된 염소육과 지표단백질인 TS에만 반응성을 보였다. 따라서, 본 연구에서 확립한 간접경합 효소면역측정법은 가열 처리된 육류 중 염소육 판별에 웅용 가능함을 시사하였다.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.391-409
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• 1999

From the students' point of view, this study was carried out to find out barriers to environmental conservation practice of secondary school students. According to the questionare and interview with secondary school students on barriers to environmental conservation practice at home, school, society and fellow-relation conditions and in personal psychology, the following findings were resulted. The major barriers to environmental conservation practice are (1) not doing environmental conservation practice of parents, friends and neighborhood, (2) having no interest in environment and environmental problems, (3) dirty and laboriousness of environmental conservation practice, (4) lack of environmental equipments, (5) the shortage of chance and time for environmental conversation practice, (6) lack of the inducement for environmental conservaton from school, (7) little effects of individual environmental practice, (8) a busy life, (9) shortage of the voluntary courage to practice for environmental conservation, (10) lack of compensation on the environmental conservation practice, (11) anti-environmental behavior among friends, (12) urging on edcation of parents. Those barriers related with home, school, society and fellow-relation anti-environmental conditions hold back environmental conservation practice of secondary school students. Those barriers are divided into three closely correlated tipes, (1) unpleasant traits of environmental conservation practice such as cleaning, recycling were linked with personal psychology, (2) lack of the social interest and practice for environmental conservation were linked with personal psychology, (3) the social atmosphere to urge on education was linked with students' busy life and the shortage of chance and time for environmental conversation practice. According to the results, attractive environmental education programs, home environmental education, cooperative environmental conservation programs, and inducements for environmental conservation are reguired of secondary school students to promote environmental conservation practice.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.16-29
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to find a linkage between mobile bathing services and service learning, and a method to activate mobile bathing services. Method: As a descriptive research, it selected evaluation factors from the aspects of structure, process, and result and analyzed 25-month activities. The data analysis was done with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and contents analysis. Result: The mobile bathing services were performed for 67 days during the evaluation period and it was 88.2% of the number of expected activity days. The volunteers participated in the activities were 293 and they provided the service for 124 people. The expense per service provision was 97,771 won. Both recipients and volunteers were highly satisfied with this service. Also, the broadcasting on the activities and awards enhanced volunteers' pride. Conclusion: The mobile bathing services linked with the service program as a part of major course. In particular, the service strengthens problem-solving abilities of nursing students, so it is necessary to develop the mobile bathing services into the service program in pursuit of learning by action.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2015

Many researchers addressed a strong need for providing diverse senior housing options to accommodate different demands from the growing senior population in Korea. One option can be the university-based retirement community (UBRC) which is linked to the adjacent universities and offers various physical, educational, and recreational programs for residents. The primary purpose of this study was to identify major features of the UBRC in terms of development, management, level of college participation, and types of care services for senior residents and to suggest future implementation directions in Korea. Two cases from the United States were selected and investigated to accomplish this goal. Main features of the UBRC were identified as follows: The university linked to each subject community was strongly involved in the development process. Their original residents were mainly recruited from university retirees. The strong university involvement became diminished as the retirement communities got settled down. This study analyzed these architectural, managerial, and development features and suggested future implication directions of university-based retirement communities in Korea.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.72-85
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• 1999

The paper presents a review of three data sets(Uniform Hospital Discharge Data Set, Nursing Minimum Data Set, and Nursing Management Minimum Data Set) and six major nursing classifications(the North American Nursing Diagnoses Association Taxonomy I, Omaha System, Nursing Interventions Classification, Nursing Intervention Lexicon and Taxonomy, Nursing Outcome Classification, Nursing Outcomes Classification, and Classification of Patient Outcome). The reviewed data sets and nursing classifications were different from each other in the purpose, structure, and user. Nursing Interventions Classification and Nursing Outcomes Classification were linked to North American Nursing Diagnosis Association, but others not. The data set and nursing classifications need to be linked to other data sets and classifications.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.385-389
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• 2004

The antibody-mix sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Ab-mix sELlS A) system was developed in order to simultaneously detect the extracellular polysaccharide (FPS) of Aspergillus, Penicillium, or Fusarium species using one detection system. The detection limit and detection range of the Ab-mix sELISA towards EPS of Penicilliun citrinum were not changed, and those towards Fusarium moniliforme EPS were changed a little compared to that of individual sandwich ELISA [9, 10]. The fungal culture filtrates of Aspergillus and Penicillium species showed nearly similar reactivity towards Ab-mix sELISA as that of sELISA using the MAb lB8 alone [9]. Also, the fungal culture filtrates of Fusarium species showed nearly the same reactivity towards Ab-mix sELISA as that of sELISA using the MAb lB8 alone [10]. Thus, this ELISA system showed that the three genera of molds, Aspergillus, Penicillium, or Fusarium, which are three major important molds producing mycotoxins in food or agricultural commodities, could be detected at the same time, using one detection system.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.376-378
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• 2012

Aflatoxin M1, ingested as aflatoxin B1 via contaminated feedstuff and later converted into, is a major problematic target for milk safety control among the aflatoxin class. Korean government has controlled level of AFM1 in milk at 500 ppt as maximum residue level (MRL), and more recently, government also publicized the proposal for more strict control on fungal toxins about infant and baby foods. In this study the levels of Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) of 42 marketed milk samples were determined with Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) to evaluate the status on the contamination of Aflatoxin M1. The evaluated ELISA performances of limit of detection (LOD) and the half maximal inhibitory concentration ($IC_{50}$) were 5 pg/mL (ppt) and 49 ppt, respectively. In all 42 samples, AFM1 appeared above the 5 ppt, with the average of 21 ppt and the range of up to 90 ppt. Only 3 (7%) of samples showed the level of contamination above the EU MRL (50 ppt). Although there was incidence of higher level of contamination compared with previous reports, the result of this study requires more intensive study to control of AFM1 in milk and infant foods.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.113-119
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• 2010

Brucellosis is a major zoonosis caused by Gram negative facultative intracellular bacterial organisms of the genus Brucella that are pathogenic for a wide variety of animals and human beings. Because of its economic impact on animal health and the risk to the human population,most countries have a brucellosis control program. Brucellosis is also an economically important andprevalent disease in Bangladesh. The accurate and prompt diagnosis is very important in controlling and eradicating of the disease in animals. The present study was undertaken to determine the seroprevalence of brucellosis in cattle in Mymensingh and Patuakhali district of Bangladesh. A total of 120 serum samples were collected from the two districts along with a questionnaire related to the epidemiology of the disease. The sampleswere screened by using slow agglutination test and conformed by indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The overall seroprevalence of brucellosis in cattle was 5% and it was observed that, a higher prevalence of Brucella was found in female than male, through natural breeding than artificial insemination (AI) and animal above 4 years old are highly susceptible than younger ones. Higher prevalence was found in aborted animals in comparison with non aborted animal. Finally, the study revealed that the female animal has more susceptible to brucellosis and healthy semen should be used for AI.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.138-147
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• 2003

We here analyzed and proposed the structures of the N-linked sugar chains of PAS-7 from bovine milk fat globule membrane. The N-linked sugar chains were liberated from PAS-7 by hydrazinolysis and, after modifying the reducing ends with 2-aminopyridine (PA), were separated into one neutral (7N,55%) and two acidic (7M mono-, 43%; 7D, di-, 2%) sugar chain roups. The latter were converted into neutral groups (7MN and 7DN) by sialidase digestion. The structure of each of these PA-neutral sugar chains was determined by sugar analysis, sequential exoglycosidase digestion, partial acetolysis, and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The results show that the 10 sugar chains were of the biantennary complex type with and without fucose. The structure of 7N2A one of the major sugar chains, was proposed as; [structure: see text] A structural comparison between PAS-6 and -7 indicated that although they shared the same protein core, their sugar moiety was markedly different, involving the existence of a different pathway during the post-transcriptional modification.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제42권11호
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• pp.739-746
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• 2019

Significant knowledge about the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been gained in the last century; however, the understanding of its causes of onset remains limited. Late-onset AD is observed in about 95% of patients, and APOE4-encoding apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) is strongly associated with these cases. As an apolipoprotein, the function of ApoE in brain cholesterol transport has been extensively studied and widely appreciated. Development of new technologies such as human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing tools have enabled us to develop human brain model systems in vitro and readily manipulate genomic information. In the context of these advances, recent studies provide strong evidence that abnormal cholesterol metabolism by ApoE4 could be linked to AD-associated pathology. In this review, we discuss novel discoveries in brain cholesterol dysregulation by ApoE4. We further elaborate cell type-specific roles in cholesterol regulation of four major brain cell types, neurons, astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes, and how its dysregulation can be linked to AD pathology.