• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.2083-2090
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• 2010

This paper presents a 3-D visualization technique using stereo radioactive images to provide efficient inspection of fast moving cargo objects. The proposed technique can be used for such objects which CT or MRI cannot inspect due to restricted scan environment. Stereo radioactive images are acquired from a specially designed equipment which consists of a X-ray source, linear radioactive sensors, and a moving stage. Two radioactive sensors are installed so that rectified stereo X-ray images of objects are acquired. Using the stereo X-ray images, we run a matching algorithm to find the correspondences between the images and reconstruct 3-D shapes of real objects. The objects are put in a parallelepiped box to simulate cargo inspection. Three real objects are tested and reconstructed. Due to the inherent ambiguity in the stereo X-ray images, we reconstruct 3-D shapes of the edges of the objects. The experimental results show the proposed technique can provide efficient visualization for cargo inspection.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.795-813
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• 2001

Sophisticated geometric structure analysis must be preceded to create electronic document from logical components extracted from document image. this paper presents a knowledge-based method for sophisticated geometric structure analysis of technical journal pages. The proposed knowledge base encodes geometric characteristics that are not only common in technical journals but also publication-specific in the form rules. The method takes the hybrid of top-down and bottom-up techniques and consists of two phases: region segmentation and identification. Generally, the result of segmentation process does not have a one-to-one matching with composite layout components. Therefore, the proposed method identifies non-text objects such as image, drawing and table, as well as text objects such as text line and equation by splitting or grouping segmented regions into composite layout components. Experimental results with 372 images scanned from the IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence show that the proposed method has performed geometrical structure analysis successfully on more than 99% of the test images, resulting in sophisticated performance compared with previous works.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.941-944
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• 2009

In this paper, we present a improved algorithm for thinning vein pattern. The vein image scanned using near infra-red is sliced in the horizontality or verticality direction, and then average value is gained from each slice image. Using curvature value changed from average value, search candidate part and extract vein pattern through re-searched candidate part in overlapping area. For the extracted vein pattern connecting, we proposed a DAL method that verify distance, angle and luminosity on pattern before tracking pattern extracted. The proposed improved thinning method is helpful for accurate connecting of vein pattern more than method used distance material in candidate part.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.8479-8486
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• 2015

This study aim is occur in brain CT cause of beam hardening effect and reducing method, We will scan Bone opaque bead phantom on variation of image on the influence factor with equipment called 'Samatom Senation 16' with following listed herein : tube voltage, tube current, slice thickness, gantry angle, base line which affect beam-hardening effect. After that we are going to start Quantitative Analysis resulted in previous scanning and Qualitative Assessment with CT image sheet evaluation. result of quantitative analysis 140kVp $31.56{\pm}2.89HU$ on tube voltage, 150mA $-3.87{\pm}0.12HU$ on tube current, 3mm on slice thickness, and $13.31{\pm}1.03HU$ IOML on gantry angle which was the least beam-hardening effect. Like Qualitative Analysis, we went through Qualitative Assessment and most of valuers got a result of 140kVp on tube voltage, 150mA on tube current, 3mm on slice thickness. As before valuers evaluated gantry angle that scanned image from IOML or OML was the least beam-hardening effect occured. There are meaningful differences when we compare all theses factors statistically(P<0.05). therefore We consider that Minimizing artifact that caused by beam-hardening effect can provide better quality of image to deciphers and patients. if we rise tube voltage in permissible dose limit, set tube current in a limit that does not effect to image quality, use slice thickness too thin enough to harm resolution, use IOML or OML on gantry angle.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.51-61
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• 2007

1. Objectives The Face is an important standard for the classification of Sasang Constitutions. We are developing 3D Automatic Face Recognition Apparatus(3D-AFRA) to analyse the facial characteristics. This apparatus show us 3D image and data of man's face and measure facial figure data. So We should examine the Measurement of Facial Figure data error of 3D Automatic Face Recognition Apparatus(3D-AFRA) in Software Error Analysis. 2. Methods We scanned face status by using 3D Automatic Face Recognition Apparatus(3D-AFRA). And we measured lengths Between Facial Definition Parameters of facial figure data by Facial Measurement program. 2.1 Repeatability test We measured lengths Between Facial Definition Parameters of facial figure data restored by 3D-AFRA by Facial Measurement program 10 times. Then we compared 10 results each other for repeatability test. 2.2 Measurement error test We measured lengths Between Facial Definition Parameters of facial figure data by two different measurement program that are Facial Measurement program and Rapidform2006. At measuring lengths Between Facial Definition Parameters, we uses two measurement way. The one is straight line measurement, the other is curved line measurement. Then we compared results measured by Facial Measurement program with results measured by Rapidform2006. 3. Results and Conclusions In repeatability test, standard deviation of results is 0.084-0.450mm. And in straight line measurement error test, the average error 0.0582mm, and the maximum error was 0.28mm. In curved line measurement error test, the average error 0.413mm, and the maximum error was 1.53mm. In conclusion, we assessed that the accuracy and repeatability of Facial Measurement program is considerably good. From now on we complement accuracy of 3D-AFRA in Hardware and Software.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.43 no.6 s.312
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• pp.26-33
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• 2006

Film restoration is to detect the location and extent of defected regions from a given movie film, and if present, to reconstruct the lost information of each region. It has gained increasing attention by many researchers, to support multimedia service of high quality. In general, an old film is degraded by dust, scratch, flick, and so on. Among these, the most frequent degradation is the scratch. So far techniques for the scratch restoration have been developed, but they have limited applicability when dealing with all kinds of scratches. To fully support the automatic scratch restoration, the system should be developed that can detect all kinds of scratches from a given frame of old films. This paper presents a neurual network (NN)-based texture classifier that automatically detect all kinds of scratches from frames in old films. To facilitate the detection of various scratch sizes, we use a pyramid of images generated from original frames by having the resolution at three levels. The image at each level is scanned by the NN-based classifier, which divides the input image into scratch regions and non-scratch regions. Then, to reduce the computational cost, the NN-based classifier is only applied to the edge pixels. To assess the validity of the proposed method, the experiments have been performed on old films and animations with all kinds of scratches, then the results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.643-652
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the size and morphologic characteristics of maxillary primary first molars in Korean children using three-dimensional laser scanner and compare three-dimensional image with preformed stainless steel crown. Scanned three-dimensional images of dental cast taken from 132 children(male 62, female 70) by three-dimensional laser scanner(Breuckmann opto-Top HE100, INUS, Korea) were used. Mesiodistal diameter, buccolingual diameter, occlusogingival height and crown shape of each image were calculated by Rapidform 2004 program(INUS, Korea). The values were statistically compared by independent samples t-test with 95% of significant level. The results were as follows : 1. No significant difference in crown size was found between left and right maxillay primary first molar(p>0.05). 2, Significant difference in mesiodistal diameter, buccolingual diameter, buccal occlusogingival height was found between male and female (p<0.05), and crown size of male was bigger than that of female. 3. Average image of maxillay primary first molar was shaped three-dimensionally and measured. In comparison with 3M stainless steel crown, this image was similar with No.4 or No.5 SS crown in male, No.4 in female. In comparison with ILSUNG SS crown, this image was similar with No.5 in male, No.4 in female. 4 Mesiolingual line angle area, distolingual line angle area and buccogingival ridge were more obvious in average image than 3M stainless steel crown. ILSUNG SS crown was more square and had longer mesiodistal diameter than average 3D image.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.88-99
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• 2021

Purpose: Direct intraoral scanning and superimposing methods have recently been applied to measure the dimensions of periodontal tissues. The aim of this study was to analyze various correlations between labial gingival thickness and underlying alveolar bone thickness, as well as clinical parameters among 3 tooth types (central incisors, lateral incisors, and canines) using a digital method. Methods: In 20 periodontally healthy subjects, cone-beam computed tomography images and intraoral scanned files were obtained. Measurements of labial alveolar bone and gingival thickness at the central incisors, lateral incisors, and canines were performed at points 0-5 mm from the alveolar crest on the superimposed images. Clinical parameters including the crown width/crown length ratio, keratinized gingival width, gingival scallop, and transparency of the periodontal probe through the gingival sulcus were examined. Results: Gingival thickness at the alveolar crest level was positively correlated with the thickness of the alveolar bone plate (P<0.05). The central incisors revealed a strong correlation between labial alveolar bone thickness at 1 and 2 mm, respectively, inferior to the alveolar crest and the thickness of the gingiva at the alveolar crest line (G0), whereas G0 and labial bone thickness at every level were positively correlated in the lateral incisors and canines. No significant correlations were found between clinical parameters and hard or soft tissue thickness. Conclusions: Gingival thickness at the alveolar crest level revealed a positive correlation with labial alveolar bone thickness, although this correlation at identical depth levels was not significant. Gingival thickness, at or under the alveolar crest level, was not associated with the clinical parameters of the gingival features, such as the crown form, gingival scallop, or keratinized gingival width.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 2019

This study is to measure the length of the Demilitarized Zone and the Military Demarcation Line(MDL) on the Korean Peninsular. For this purpose, maps of the Armistice Agreement Volume II were used. These maps are nine sheets. In order to extract the MDL shown on the map, coordinates were assigned to the scanned image maps using the georeferencing module of ArcGIS based on the sheet line coordinates. The accuracy of the extracted vectors was checked by overlaying them on the maps of the Armistice Agreement Volume II. And I tried to validate these vectors through comparative analysis with vectors extracted from Kim(2007). Vectors extracted from Kim(2007) had errors in the curvilinear parts of the MDL, but the vectors extracted from this study exactly matched the MDL in the Armistice Agreement Volume II. The measured length is 239.42km(148.77miles). This means that the expression '155mile MDL' or '248km DMZ' in papers, reports or mass media has so far been inappropriate. I think this study will be able to provide information on the exact length of the DMZ in studies related with DMZ or in policy decisions by the national and local government. However, it is deemed necessary to verify this result by national organizations such as the NGII(National Geographic Information Institute). After these verification procedures, I hope that the national government will inform the people of the exact length of DMZ and MDL.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 2002.09a
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• pp.457-460
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• 2002

The image quality of three-dimensional (3D) images has been widely investigated by the qualitative analysis method. A need remains for an objective and quantitative method to assess the image quality of 3D volume-rendered images. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quantitative accuracy of distance measurements on 3D volume-rendered images of a dry human skull by using multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT). A radiologist measured five times the twenty-one direct measurement line items composed among twelve reference points on the skull surface with a digital vernier caliper. The water filled skull specimen was scanned with a MDCT according to the section thicknesses of 1.25, 2.50, 3.75, and 5.00 mm for helical (high quality; pitch 3:1) scan mode. MDCT data were reconstructed with its acquisition section thickness and with 1.25 mm section thickness for all scans. An observer also measured seven times the corresponding items on 3D volume-rendered images with measuring tools provided by volumetric analysis software. The quantitative accuracy of distance measurements on the 3D volume-rendered images was statistically evaluated (p-value < 0.05) by comparatively analyzing these measurements with the direct distance measurements. The accuracy of distance measurements on the 3D volume-rendered MDCT images acquired with 1.25, 2.50, 3,75 and 5.00 mm section thickness and reconstructed with its section thickness were 48%, 33%, 23%, and 14%, respectively. Meanwhile, there were insignificant statistical differences in accuracy of distance measurements among 3D volume-rendered images reconstructed with 1.25 mm section thickness for the each acquisition section thickness. MDCT images acquired with thick section thickness and reconstructed with thin section thickness in helical scan mode should be effectively used in medical planning of 3D volume-rendered images. The quantitative analysis of distance measurement may be a useful tool for evaluating the quantitative accuracy and the defining optimal parameters of 3D volume-rendered CT images.