• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권16호
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• pp.7053-7060
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• 2015

In the present work, novel orange peel was extracted with 100%EtOH (ethanol) and fractionated into four fractions namely F1, F2, F3, F4 which were eluted from paper chromatographs using 100%EtOH, 80%EtOH, 50%EtOH and pure water respectively. The crude extract and its four fractions were evaluated for their total polyphenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and radical scavenging activity using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) assay. Their cytotoxic activity using WST assay and DNA damage by agarose gel electrophoresis were also evaluated in a human leukemia HL-60 cell line. The findings revealed that F4 had the highest TPC followed by crude extract, F2, F3 and F1. However, the crude extract had the highest TFC followed by F4, F3, F2, and F1. Depending on the values of $EC_{50}$ and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, F4 possessed the strongest antioxidant activity while F1 and F2 displayed weak antioxidant activity. Further, incubation HL-60 cells with extract/fractions for 24h caused an inhibition of cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner. F3 and F4 exhibited a high antiproliferative activity with a narrow range of $IC_{50}$ values ($45.9-48.9{\mu}g/ml$). Crude extract exhibited the weakest antiproliferative activity with an $IC_{50}$ value of $314.89{\mu}g/ml$. Analysis of DNA fragmentation displayed DNA degradation in the form of a smear-type pattern upon agarose gel after incubation of HL-60 cells with F3 and F4 for 6 h. Overall, F3 and F4 appear to be good sources of phytochemicals with antioxidant and potential anticancer activities.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.4631-4637
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• 2012

Introduction: Tobacco use is a leading cause of deaths and disabilities in India, killing about 1.2 lakh people in 2010. About 29% of adults use tobacco on a daily basis and an additional 5% use it occasionally. In Odisha, non-smoking forms are more prevalent than smoking forms. The habit has very high opportunity cost as it reduces the capacity to seek better nutrition, medical care and education. In line with the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), the Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA) is a powerful Indian national law on tobacco control. The Government of Odisha has shown its commitment towards enforcement and compliance of COTPA provisions. In order to gauge the perceptions and practices related to tobacco control efforts and level of enforcement of COTPA in the State, this cross-sectional study was carried out in seven selected districts. Materials and methods: A semi-structured interview schedule was developed, translated into Odiya and field-tested for data collection. It mainly contained questions related to knowledge on provisions of section 4-7 of COTPA 2003, perception about smoking, chewing tobacco and practices with respect to compliance of selected provisions of the Act. 1414 samples were interviewed. Results: The highest percentage of respondents was from the government departments. 73% of the illiterates consumed tobacco as compared to 34% post graduates. 52.1% of the respondents were aware of Indian tobacco control laws, while 80.8% had knowledge about the provision of the law prohibiting smoking in public places. However, 36.6% of the respondents reported that they had 'very often' seen tobacco products being sold 'to a minor', while 31.2% had seen tobacco products being sold 'by a minor'. In addition, 24.8% had 'very often' seen tobacco products being sold within a radius of 100 yards of educational institutions.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.95-107
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• 2016

The gold-spotted pond frog(Pelophylax chosenicus) classified as an Anura in Amphibia is sharply decreasing due to various changes of habitats environment, and designated as IUCN Red List Threatened species(VU; Vulnerable) internationally and domestic endangered species Class-II; therefore, it's in urgent need of the research on habitats restoration of the gold-spotted pond frog in order to prevent its extinction. This study was carried out to verify the effect after restoration by introducing the inhabitation elements deducted by the literature research and a field survey on the habitats for the gold-spotted pond frog in danger of regional extinction in the urban area of Ansan city, Gyeonggi-do, Korea. Accordingly, the capacity for bio-species was increased by expanding the area of habitats into $11,845m^2$, and securing the place for hibernation and corridors and discharge within the habitats, etc. As a result of the monitoring the number of individuals increased by 9.5 times as the reproductive success rate of the gold-spotted pond frog got higher, and by virtue of improvement in the habitats, biodiversity increased to 183 species(4 species of amphibians and reptiles, 4 species of mammals, 17 species of birds, 53 species of insects(terrestrial/Benthic), 4 species of fish, and 102 species of plants). It might be possible to verify the restoration effect of the habitats through continuous monitoring, and suggest the restoration model on the habitats for continuously survivable the gold-spotted pond frog in the urban area by deducting the matters to be improved.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.287-291
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• 2016

For evaluating the boar semen quality, sperm motility (MOT) is an important parameter because the movement of spermatozoa indicates active metabolism, membrane integrity and fertilizing capacity. Estrogen receptors 2(ESR2) is involved in estrogen related apoptosis in cell cycle spermatogenesis, but their functions have not been confirmed in pig until now. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze their association with sperm motility and kinematic characteristics. DNA samples from 105 Duroc pigs with records of semen motility and kinematic characteristics [Total motile spermatozoa (MOT), Curvilinear velocity(VCL), Straight-line velocity(VSL), the ratio between VSL and VCL(LIN), Amplitude of Lateral Head displacement(ALH)] were analyzed. A SNP in coding region of ESR2 g.35547A > G in exon 5 was associated with MOT (p < 0.05) in Duroc population. Therefore, we suggest that the porcine ESR2 gene may be used as a molecular marker for Duroc boar semen quality, although its functional effects were not defined yet. These results might shed new light on the roles of ESR2 in spermatogenesis as candidate gene for boar fertility, but still the lack of association across populations should be considered.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.177-188
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• 2006

전통적인 비선형 유한요소해석은 모델링이 복잡하고 어려운 해석기법이 필요로 한다. 게다가 해석결과가 응력-변형률 관계로 도출되므로 그 결과를 분석하거나 설계에 활용하기 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 설계 지향적인 수치해석방법으로 트러스 모델을 이용한 비선형 해석방법을 개발하였다. 해석하고자 하는 철근콘크리트 부재를 길이방향, 직각방향, 대각방향의 트러스요소로 이상화한다. 기본적으로 각 요소는 철근과 콘크리트의 복합체이며, 주기해석을 위하여 철근과 콘크리트 요소를 위한 간략화된 비선형 주기이력모델을 적용하였다. 제안된 방법의 검증을 위하여 전단경간비, 하중조건, 철근량, 배근형태 등이 다른 다양한 전단지배 보와 벽체에 대하여 비선형해석을 수행하였고, 예측된 비탄성강도, 에너지소산능력, 변형능력, 파괴유형 등을 실험 결과와 비교하였다. 해석결과, 철근콘크리트 부재의 변형능력을 예측하기 위해서는 반복적인 인장-압축을 받는 콘크리트 스트럿에 사용되는 압축연화모델이 부재특성에 따라 수정되어야 함이 밝혀졌다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.70-80
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• 2001

A cycloid reducer is one of the rotational velocity reduction equipments of machinery. It has advantages of the higher reduction ratio, the higher accuracy, the easier adjustment of transmission ratio and the smaller workspace than other kinds of reducer. A cycloidal plate gear is a main part of the cycloid reducer. Its tooth shape is peculiar because of gearing with the roller gear that has the several rollers on the circular line. And then it can be designed to contact all teeth to rollers. So, the cycloid reducer has the good characteristics in the dynamic properties and the zero-backlash in the contact motion. It can be used in robots, high-precision machines and high capacity machinery. This paper proposes a new approach for the shape design of the cycloidal plate gear and presents a Computer-Aided-Design program developed by the proposed method. The first part of this paper defines the two types of the cycloid reducers and explains their mechanisms. The second part defines the instant velocity centers for each type of the cycloid reducers and calculates the contact angles and the contact points by using te geometric relationships and the kinematical properties of the reducers. The third part generates the full shape of the cycloidal plate gear by the coordinate transformation technique. Finally, this paper presents two examples for the shape design of the cycloidal plate gear in order to prove the theory of the proposed method in this paper and the accuracy of the \"CycloGear Designer\".

• 공업화학
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.51-57
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• 1999

원자로 정지시 냉각제 계통내 탈염 공정의 최적운전에 도움을 줄 목적으로 Amberite IRN 77 양이온 교환수지상에서 Ni(II), Co(II) 및 Ag(I) 이온의 흡착특성을 연구하였다. 양이온 교환수지상에서 Ni(II), Co(II) 및 Ag(I) 이온 각각의 흡착 메카니즘은 Langmuir isotherm에 잘 일치하였다. 양이온교환수지의 형태에 따른 영향으로서 $H^+$-형의 수지의 흡착 및 처리 용량은 $Li^+$-형의 수지보다 우수하였다. 다성분계의 용액을 위한 연속식 이온교환공정에서 양이온교환수지의 흡착선택성은 Ni(II)${\approx}$Co(II)>Ag(I)였으며, 유속의 증가는 수지의 처리용량 뿐만 아니라 파과곡선의 기울기를 감소시켰다.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.109-120
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• 2010

본 연구는 도로점용공사가 신호교차로의 정지선에 인접하여 시행될 시, 물리적 차로점용으로 인하여 변화하는 포화교통류율을 산정하기 위한 수학적 논리모형 개발을 목적으로 한다. 우선 문헌조사와 사전 모의실험을 통하여 신호교차로에 인접한 도로의 포화교통류율이 도로점용공사의 위치, 차로 수, 신호주기, 유효녹색시간에 의해 민감하게 변화함을 확인하였다. 이러한 포화교통류율 변화요인을 독립변수로 선정하고, 기존 교통류이론을 활용한 수학적 논리모형을 개발하였으며, 개발모형은 도로점용공사의 위치(교차로 상/하류)에 따라 각각 달리 적용하도록 이원화하였다. 개발된 논리모형의 검증을 위하여 다양한 미시적 시뮬레이션을 수행하였으며, 논리모형 적용과 모의실험 수행을 통해 각각 얻어낸 포화교통류율 결과 값을 비교/분석하였다. 검증결과, 각각의 방법으로 얻어낸 포화교통류율의 절대적 차이가 다소 존재하였으나, 독립변수의 영향에 의한 포화교통류율 분포 형태가 통계적으로 유의함을 확인하였다.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.96-104
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 전철시스템의 변전소에서 직류모선에 발생하는 잉여분의 직류전력을 교류전원 측으로 회생시킬 수 있는 직류전력 회생시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 직류 전철용 회생인버터 시스템은 인버터와 능동전력필터로 사용할 수 있다. 회생인버터 모드에서는 전철의 감속에 의해 회생되는 에너지를 재사용 할 수 있으며, 능동전력필터 모드에서는 변전소의 정류기에 의해 발생되는 고조파 왜곡을 보상하기 위해 사용할 수 있다. 전력용량과 스위칭 손실을 고려하여 시스템은 3상 PWM 인버터를 기반으로 설계되며 병렬인버터, 출력변압기와LCL필터로 구성된다.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.16-26
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• 2010

본 논문에서 제안하는 전력계통계획 방법론은 계통계획이 신규 자원의 수익에 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 인식 하에 발전 및 송전 투자 결정에 관한 상호 작용을 반영하고, 이것으로 인하여 설비 투자자 및 전력계통계획자의 목적을 동시에 고려할 수 있게 된다. 이러한 관점에서 본 논문은 혼합정수계획 모형에 기초한 전력계통계획 전산모형 프로그램을 개발하고자 한다. 이 소프트웨어는 설비예비율, 발전원별 비율,순동예비력 양, 에너지 및 연료제약 조건, 송전선로 사고 및 손실, 파이 분기 등의 기술적 제약조건을 만족하면서 신규 발전설비, 송전선로, 변전소의 용량뿐만 아니라 건설 시기와 장소를 결정하도록 설계되어 있다. 최종적으로 간단한 Garver 계통을 통하여 본 논문에서 제안된 전산모형 프로그램의 정확성 및 효율성을 검증하고자 한다.