• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1992년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집(국제학술편); KOEX, Seoul; 19-21 Oct. 1992
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• pp.90-95
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• 1992

Authors have developed the method of selecting the efficient variant of designing a systems or products from a some number of competition variants in the conditions of vagueness of the initial information. Registration of information vagueness degree concerning the quantity index values is carried out of the expense of giving to the expert the possibility of using different methods of index evaluation numerical evaluations with physical scale; phrases of limited language; and points evaluation. Using of this method and software is important for marketing research, for systems of quality control of products.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.215-219
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• 2014

의약품의 치료 효과와 유사한 치료활성 기능을 갖는 화장품(코스메슈티컬)의 개발이 증가함에 따라 화장품법에서 규정한 기능성 화장품의 용도인 피부 미백, 주름개선, 자외선 차단 또는 피부를 곱게 태워주는 기능이외의 항염증, 탈모 방지, 비만 개선 등과 같은 의약품의 치료 효과와 차별화되지 않는 다양한 기능을 화장품의 용도로서 특허청구범위에 기재하여 특허출원하는 경우가 증가하고 있다. 그러나 상기와 같은 의약품의 치료 효과와 차별화되지 않는 기능을 화장품의 용도로서 화장품 발명에 기재한 경우 특허요건 판단에 있어서 심사과 및 심사관에 따라 차이를 보이고 있어 심사의 일관성에 대한 요구가 제기되어 왔다. 위와 같은 요구에 부응하기 위하여, 본 논문에서는 국내 기능성 화장품의 특허등록 현황, 심사관들의 견해 및 미국, 유럽, 일본의 화장품 관련 발명의 심사 실무를 파악하여 일관성 있는 특허 심사를 위한 대응방안을 제시하고자 하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1149-1155
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• 2016

Background: Examination of sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsies provides accurate nodal staging for breast cancer and plays a key role in patient management. Procurement of SLNs and the methods used to process specimens are equally important. Increasing the level of detail in histopathological examination of SLNs increases detection of metastatic tumours but will also increase the burden of busy laboratories and thus may not be carried out routinely. Recommendation of a reasonable standard in SLN examination is required to ensure high sensitivity of results while maintaining a manageable practice workload. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four patients with clinically node-negative breast cancer were recruited. Combined radiotracer and blue dye methods were used for identification of SLNs. The nodes were thinly sliced and embedded. Serial sectioning and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining against AE1/AE3 were performed if initial H&E sections of the blocks were negative. Results: SLNs were successfully identified in all patients. Ten cases had nodal metastases with 7 detected in SLNs and 3 detected only in axillary nodes (false negative rate, FNR=30%). Some 5 out of 7 metastatic lesions in the SLNs (71.4%) were detected in initial sections of the thinly sliced tissue. Serial sectioning detected the remaining two cases with either micrometastases or isolated tumour cells (ITC). Conclusions: Thin slicing of tissue to 3-5mm thickness and serial sectioning improved the detection of micro and macro-metastases but the additional burden of serial sectioning gave low yield of micrometastases or ITC and may not be cost effective. IHC validation did not further increase sensitivity of detection. Therefore its use should only be limited to confirmation of suspicious lesions. False negative cases where SLNs were not involved could be due to skipped metastases to non-sentinel nodes or poor technique during procurement, resulting in missed detection of actual SLNs.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.1144-1149
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• 2020

유방조직확장기의 Magnetic Valve는 MRI 검사 시 영상 인공물이 발생하여 MRI 검사가 제한적이다. MRI 검사가 필요한 유방조직확장기 삽입 환자에 대해 영상 인공물이 진단영역에 미치는 영향을 평가한다. 자체 제작한 팬텀과 실제 임상 조건을 이용하여 영상 인공물 측정을 실시하였다. 영상 인공물은 1.5 Tesla와 3.0 Tesla 환경에 따라 상이하게 측정되었으며, C-spine, L-spine 검사 시 영상 인공물의 영향이 T-spine에 비해 상대적으로 적었다. 유방암 전이로 인한 MRI 검사가 꼭 필요한 경우 주로 1.5 Tesla에서 Head & Neck 검사와 L-spine 아래 부위를 검사 할 수 있으나 일부 시퀀스에서는 영상 인공물로 인한 왜곡이 발생할 수 있다. 유방조직확장기 삽입 환자의 MRI 검사는 안전성 측면에서는 3.0T는 피하고 1.5T에서 조건부로 가능하다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.289-298
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• 2017

본고는 방송사가 일정비율 이상의 외주제작물을 편성하여 방송하도록 규제하고 있는 외주제작 정책의 성과를 분석했다. 외주제작 정책으로 방송 프로그램의 다양성이 제고되었는지를 살펴본 결과, 외주제작 정책시행으로 제작사가 증가하여 방송 프로그램의 제작원이 다양해졌으나 제공하는 프로그램이 특정 장르에 집중되는 한계를 갖고 있었다. 방송영상 콘텐츠의 경쟁력이 증가했는지를 살펴본 결과, 방송 프로그램의 해외 시장 진출이 증가하는 등 긍정적인 효과가 있었으나 드라마 중심의 한정된 장르에 머물렀고, 지상파방송사와 외주제작사 간에 제작비와 저작권 논란 등으로 제작여건이 개선되지 못했다. 따라서 방송사에 대한 외주 편성 비율을 최저로 설정하여 방송사와 외주제작사의 제작의 자율성을 확대하는 것이 필요하고, 방송사와 외주제작사 간의 갈등의 원인인 제작비와 저작권의 문제를 표준제작비와 같은 기준을 만들어 활용함으로써 공정한 거래가 이뤄질 수 있도록 제도화하는 것이 필요한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.117-129
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of demographic characteristics and oral health status on unmet dental needs among preschool children and to provide a basis for improvement of the dental care equality and accessibility using data from the $6^{th}$ National Health and Nutrition Survey. Methods: This study was performed using data collected from the $6^{th}$ National Health and Nutrition Survey. The subjects were 1,472 out of 22,940 people, who participated in the survey and under went oral examination. IBM SPSS Statistics (Version 20.0) was used for statistical analyses based on the complex sampling design. Frequency analysis was performed to determine the distribution of unmet dental needs according to the characteristics of the subjects. The Rao-Scott ${\chi}^2$ test was performed to examine the relationship of unmet dental needs with general characteristics and health- and oral health-related variables. Relevant factors were determined using binary logistic regression analysis. Results: The factors that had statistically significant relations with unmet dental needs included age, medical insurance, household income, limited physical activity, history of dental caries in deciduous teeth, and subjective health status. Logistic regression analysis of complex samples was conducted to determine factors related to unmet dental needs. The results of analysis showed that limited physical activity and history of dental caries in deciduous teeth were related to unmet dental needs. Conclusions: The results show the factors affecting, and the reasons for, the unmet dental needs of preschool children. Future studies are needed to develop national projects and oral health education reforms to address inequalities in preschool children's dental care.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.62-70
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• 2024

Background: This study aimed to evaluate ChatGPT's performance accuracy in responding to questions from the national dental hygienist examination. Moreover, through an analysis of ChatGPT's incorrect responses, this research intended to pinpoint the predominant types of errors. Methods: To evaluate ChatGPT-3.5's performance according to the type of national examination questions, the researchers classified 200 questions of the 49th National Dental Hygienist Examination into recall, interpretation, and solving type questions. The researchers strategically modified the questions to counteract potential misunderstandings from implied meanings or technical terminology in Korea. To assess ChatGPT-3.5's problem-solving capabilities in applying previously acquired knowledge, the questions were first converted to subjective type. If ChatGPT-3.5 generated an incorrect response, an original multiple-choice framework was provided again. Two hundred questions were input into ChatGPT-3.5 and the generated responses were analyzed. After using ChatGPT, the accuracy of each response was evaluated by researchers according to the types of questions, and the types of incorrect responses were categorized (logical, information, and statistical errors). Finally, hallucination was evaluated when ChatGPT provided misleading information by answering something that was not true as if it were true. Results: ChatGPT's responses to the national examination were 45.5% accurate. Accuracy by question type was 60.3% for recall and 13.0% for problem-solving type questions. The accuracy rate for the subjective solving questions was 13.0%, while the accuracy for the objective questions increased to 43.5%. The most common types of incorrect responses were logical errors 65.1% of all. Of the total 102 incorrectly answered questions, 100 were categorized as hallucinations. Conclusion: ChatGPT-3.5 was found to be limited in its ability to provide evidence-based correct responses to the Korean national dental hygiene examination. Therefore, dental hygienists in the education or clinical fields should be careful to use artificial intelligence-generated materials with a critical view.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.48-59
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• 2019

Background: The purpose of this study is to provide the data for discussions related to oral health promotion policies for single-person households by analyzing the status of unmet dental needs and related factors in single-person households in Korea, based on the Anderson model. Methods: The data, obtained from 544 single-person households of those over 20 years old who were targeted for the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, were analyzed through a complex sample frequency analysis, complex sample cross analysis (Rao-Scott chi-square test), and complex sample binary logistic regression analysis on a complex sampling design. Results: The most frequently given reason for an unmet dental need among single-person households was economic (52.4%). Factors related to the unmet dental needs of single-person households are smoking, which is a predisposing factor; personal income levels, which are an enabling factor; chewing discomfort; and limited daily activities, which are need factors. Smokers, the high-income group, the chewing-discomfort group, and the limited activity group showed high unmet dental care experience. Smokers had a 2.75 times higher rate of unmet dental care than non-smokers, and the high-income group had a 5.29 times higher rate of unmet dental needs than the median group. The rate of unmet dental needs for the chewing discomfort group was 3.27 times higher than the non-chewing discomfort group, and the limited activity group had a 7.87 times higher rate of unmet dental needs than the non-limited activity group. Conclusion: It is necessary to map out policies designed to help maintain and promote met dental needs considered to be internally heterogeneous to single-person householders, based on the Anderson model.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2011

대퇴골의 전장검사 시 조사야의 넓이와 필름이나 검출기 등의 크기의 한계로 인하여 대각선 방향으로 위치를 잡는다 하여도 모두 포함되지 못하는 경우가 있다. 본 연구에서는 대퇴골의 골첨부와 골단부가 포함되도록 두 번 촬영을 하여 얻어진 영상을 융합하는 방식을 적용하여 검사한 결과에 대한 유용성에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 2007년 8월부터 2009년 11월까지 광주지역의 한 대학병원 응급실에 내원한 환자 중 대퇴골 검사 시 고식적인 DR방식과 SM방식을 이용한 검사방법 모두를 시행한 경험이 있는 방사선사 30명을 대상으로 설문조사를 하였고, 같은 기간에 대퇴골검사를 시행한 환자의 영상의 질 평가는 영상의학과 전문의 2명과 10년 이상 근무한 방사선사 6명에 의해 대퇴경의 축소여부, 무릎관절의 회전여부, 대퇴골의 포함정도에 따라 20개의 영상을 평가하였다. 설문조사한 결과는 검사시간, 검사자수, 체력적 소모, 재 촬영률, 환자의 불편 등에 대한 항목에서 SM방식의 검사에서 모두 높은 점수를 받았고, 통계적으로 유의함을 알 수 있었으며(p < 0.001), 영상의 평가에서도 고식적인 DR방식보다 SM방식의 영상이 높은 평가점수를 받았다. 본 연구의 결과로 대퇴골 검사 시 SM방식이 고식적인 DR방식에 비하여 유용함을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한견주관절학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한견주관절학회 2008년도 제16차 학술대회
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• pp.165-165
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• 2008

A 27-year-old, right-hand-dominant woman with a posttraumatic anterior shoulder dislocation 3 months earlier after traYc accident presented because of pain and limited range of motion in the right shoulder. On physical examination, the patient had negative instability tests and a sulcus sign. On arthroscopic examination, a bifurcate long biceps tendon with two limbs was observed about 1 cm distal to the origin in the supraglenoid tubercle. We found no evidence of a tear in the long biceps tendon on probing, and the margin of each limb was smooth and round. Although this anatomic variant may be benign, its presence might be associated with other shoulder pathology. It is interesting to speculate whether the aberrant biceps anatomy in our patient contributed to transfer of injury at dislocation to the rotator cuff rather than to the classic anterior-inferior capsulolabral complex. In addition, recognition of the described anatomic variant on arthroscopy can aid the shoulder surgeon in focusing treatment on the actual pathology.