• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 제36회 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.2140-2142
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• 2005

This paper presents the experimental results on the preliminary breakdown characteristics under a highly non-uniform electric field in $SF_6/CO_2$ gas mixtures. The impulse preliminary breakdown developments are investigated by the measurements of corona current and light emission images. As a result, the preliminary breakdown development mechanisms for both positive and negative polarities are same. The first streamer corona is initiated at the tip of needle electrode, and the leaders develop with a stepwise propagation and bridge the test gap. The pause time of leader pulses in the positive polarity is significantly shorter than that in the negative polarity. Also, the time interval between the first streamer corona onset and breakdown in the negative polarity was much longer than that in the positive polarity The discharge channel paths in the positive polarity were zigzag. On the other hands, the leader channel in the negative polarity was thicker than that in the positive polarity.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.55-61
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• 1998

일반적으로 접지시스템에서 접지저항계산은 저주파수의 전원이 대지에 인가될 때 발새외는 대지전위상승을 측정하여 계산한다. 그러나 뇌격과 써지 엄펄스와 같은 고주파수에 해당하는 전원에 대해서는 현재의 접지 시스템에서 고려하고 있지 않기 때문에 전기설비에 매우 큰 영향을 미칠 우려가 있다. 그래서 이 논문에 서는 뇌격이 전극봉에 인가되었을 때 발생되는 접지 임피던스의 과도현상을 실험하였다. 그리고 이 실험 결과는 이론적 해석과 잘 일치하였으며 지중방전현상이 임펄스 임피던스 저감에 영향올 미친다는 사실을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.54-60
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• 2011

This paper presents characteristics of frequency-dependent grounding impedance and transient grounding impedance for the carbon compound grounding electrode used in the installation of computerized electronic equipment and lightning protection system. The frequency-dependent grounding impedances were measured by applying sinusoidal currents in the frequency range from 100 [Hz] to 10[MHz], and the transient grounding impedances were examined by subjecting the impulse current with the front-time between 1~80[${\mu}s$]. As a result, the ground resistance of the carbon compound grounding electrode is less than that of another type grounding electrodes. The transient grounding impedance is relatively low and the conventional grounding impedance is rather lower than the ground resistance. The frequency-dependent grounding impedance of the carbon compound grounding electrode is capacitive and the grounding impedance is decreased with increasing the frequency of injected currents. Therefore in the case that the carbon compound grounding electrode is jointly used with large-scaled grounding electrodes, it is possible to reduce the high frequency grounding impedance of the integrated grounding electrode system.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.36-42
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• 2013

This paper deals with the frequency-dependent ground impedance of ground grids combined with the carbon ground electrodes. Ground grids are generally valid for multipurpose grounding systems as well as lightning protection systems. The carbon ground electrodes may be supplementarily used to reduce the high frequency ground impedance and to improve the transient response to surge currents. The frequency-dependent ground impedances of ground grids combined with or without the carbon ground electrodes were measured and their simulations with due regard to frequency-dependent soil resistivity were implemented by using EMTP program and Matlab modeling. As a consequence, the ground impedance of ground grids combined with the carbon ground electrodes is significantly reduced when the test current is injected at the terminal of the carbon ground electrode. The measured and simulated data for the test ground grids fairly agree with each other. It was found that the proposed method of simulating the frequency-dependent ground impedance is distinguished. The simulation techniques of predicting accurately the ground impedances without actual measurements can be used in the design of grounding systems based on ground grids and the carbon ground electrodes.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.85-90
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• 2006

본 논문은 불평등 전계의 $SF_6/CO_2$혼합기체 중에서 전구방전특성에 대한 실험결과를 제시한다. 임펄스 전구방전 진전을 코로나 전류와 방전광 이미지의 측정으로 조사하였다. 정 부극성의 전구방전 진전메커니즘은 기본적으로 같았으며, 초기스트리머코로나는 침전극의 끝단에서 발단되어 계단상으로 진전하는 리더에 의해 시험갭을 교락시킨다. 정극성에서 리더펄스의 휴지시간은 부극성에서보다 매우 짧았다. 또한 부극성에서 초기스트리머코로나와 절연파괴사이의 시간간격은 정극성에서보다 매우 길게 나타났다. 정극성에서 방전채널경로는 임의적으로 나타났으며, 부극성에서 리더 채널은 정극성에서 보다 굵고 밝게 나타났다.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.70-77
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• 2015

This paper describes the experimental results obtained from various installation conditions of cascaded metal oxide varistor(MOV)-based SPDs with the objectives to analyze the coordination of the cascaded surge protective devices(SPDs) and to propose the proper selection and installation methods of the cascaded SPDs. The residual voltage, discharge current and energy sharing between the upstream and downstream SPDs in the $10/350{\mu}s$ direct lightning current wave were measured and discussed. The coordination of cascaded MOV-based SPDs is closely related to the varistor voltage and installation methods of SPDs. In cascaded SPDs without dedicated decoupling elements, the natural impedance of leads connecting two SPDs can act as a decoupler for the coordination of MOV-based SPDs. Even if the varistor voltage of the upstream SPD is higher than that of the downstream SPD at long distances between two SPDs, the energy coordination of cascaded SPDs could effectively be fulfilled in the conditions of large surge currents and the optimum voltage protection level can be achieved. Consequently, if the distance between voltage limiting type SPDs is long, the coordination of the cascaded SPDs should be determined by taking into account the decoupling effects due to the intrinsic inductance of leads connecting the upstream and downstream SPDs.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제49권8호
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• pp.477-486
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• 2000

This paper presents Pspice modeling methods for spark gaps and ZnO varistors and describes the application for the two-stage surge suppression circuit which was composed of the nonlinear components. The simulation modelings of nonlinear components were conducted on the basis of the voltage and current curves measured by the impulse current with the time-to-crest of $1~50 \mus$ and the impulse voltage with the rate of the time-to-crest of 10, 100 and 1000 V/\mus$. The firing voltages of the spark gap increased with increasing the rate of the time-to-crest of impulse voltage and the measured data were in good agreement with the simulated data. The I-V curves of the ZnO varistor were measured by applying the impulse currents of which time-to-crests range from 1 to $50 \mus$ and peak amplitudes from 10 A to 2 kA. The simulation modeling was based on the I-V curves replotted by taking away the inductive effects of the test circuit and leads. The meximum difference between the measured and calculated data was of the order of 3%. Also the two-stage surge suppression circuit made of the spark gap and the ZnO varistor was investigated with the impulse voltage of $10/1000\mus$$mutextrm{s}$ wave shape. The overall agreement between the theoretical and experimental results seems to be acceptable. As a consequence, it was known that the proposed simulation techniques could effectively be used to design the surge suppression circuits combined with nonlinear components.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2000년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.2038-2040
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• 2000

The main objective of this paper is to design and test a new type of polymer ZnO surge arrester for AC power system of railroad vehicles. Metal oxide surge arrester for most electric power system applications, electric train and subway are now being used extensively to protect overvoltage due to lightning. Surge arresters with porcelain housing must not have explosive breakage of the housing to minimize damage to other equipment when subjected to internal high short circuit current. When breakdown of ZnO elements in a surge arrester occurs due to flashover, fault short current flows through the arrestor and internal pressure of the arrester rises. The pressure rise can usually be limited by fitting a pressure relief diaphragm and transferring the arc from the inside to the outside of the housing. However, there is possibility of porcelain fragmentation caused by the thermal shock, pressure rise. etc. Non-fragmenting of the housing is the most desired way to prevent damage to other equipment. The pressure change which is occurred by flashover become discharge energy. This discharge energy raises to damage arrester housing and arrester housing is dispersed as small fragment. Therefore, the pressure relief design is requested to obstruct housing dispersion. The main research works are focused on the structure design by finite element method, pressure relief of module, and studies of performance of surge arrester for electric railway vehicle.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2005년도 추계종합학술대회
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• pp.693-696
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• 2005

국내의 통신망은 효율적인 유지보수를 위하여 도로를 따라 기반시설이 구축되고 있기 때문에 전력망과 통신망의 교차와 병행이 가속화되고 있다. 전력망은 전력유도를 발생시킬 뿐만 아니라, 낙뢰와 같은 전기적 과도현상으로부터 그 자체가 전송매체로 되기 때문에 전력망 지중 접지체와 통신망 지중 접지체간을 통하여 낙뢰서지 및 지락선 과도 현상이 통신망에 유도되어 악영향을 초래한다. 본 연구에서는 통신망의 보호대책으로 지중접지체간의 이격거리를 통한 귀로전류의 차단과 양쪽 단자의 유휴심선을 접지하여 전력유도전압을 차폐하는 방법이 우수한 효과를 나타냄을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.305-312
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• 2017

우리사회는 고도화, 첨단화, 정보화 산업들이 지속적으로 성장을 거듭하여 현재는 4차 산업 혁명의 시대에 살고 있다. 산업이 발달함에 따라 사용자의 부하도 다양하게 급증하였고 이는 에너지 부족 현상으로 심화되어 추가적인 에너지 시설의 건설이 요구되고 있는 실정이다. 이에 해안 지역을 중심으로 에너지 플랜트 건설공사가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 특히, 발전소 가스 석유화학 플랜트 등의 건설 시 국토가 부족한 우리나라의 실정을 고려하여 타 지역의 토양으로 해안을 매립하고 그 지반에 플랜트 시설을 건축하는 방식으로 시행되고 있다. 현재의 국내 접지 설계는 전기설비설계기술기준에 근거한 접지저항만을 용도에 맞게 결정하는 설계와 시공이 이루어지고 있다. 하지만 이렇게 검증되지 않은 매립된 토양에 건립한 플랜트 시설에 뇌격전류 및 이상전류 유입 시 대지 전위상승으로 인한 설비 운용자나 사용자가 감전재해 위험에 심각하게 노출 되게 된다. 따라서 플랜트 시설의 부하 특성에 최적화된 접지시스템이 요구되고 있어, 본 논문에서는 매립된 토양의 대지고유저항을 분석하고 KS C IEC 61936-1 규격을 적용한 컴퓨터 프로그램(CDEGS)을 활용하여 감전재해를 일으키는 접촉전압과 보폭전압을 해석하여 플랜트 설비에 최적화된 접지설계를 제안하고자 한다.