• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.280-287
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• 2001

These studies aimed to determine how lighting might be used to improve feed intake and reduce aggressive behavior in newly weaned pigs. To examine whether this objective could be achieved an experiment was conducted to compare performance, behavior and body condition of weaners over 17-45 days, provided similar lighting quality (i.e. color temperature, color rendering index and lighting distribution) after weaning that piglets experienced prior to weaning. Triphosphor (TP) lighting to simulate daylight was provided during the day while at night, Pascal red (PR) lighting was provided to simulate the night-light piglets previously had received from infrared heating lamps. This treatment was compared to weaners provided conventional cool-white fluorescent light during the day only. Weaners on treatment lighting from 17-45 days of age showed no improvement in body weight or feed conversion at 24, 31, 38 and 45 days compared to the controls. There was, however, a significant improvement (p<0.05) in feed intake in the first week of weaning for weaners provided TP/PR lighting. Over the first 3 days of weaning, pigs on TP/PR lighting showed an increase (p<0.05) in the incidence of ear chewing but reduced (p<0.05) levels of nosing the abdomen of other pigs and reduced (p<0.05) occurrences of being stood on by other pigs. Females exhibited more (p<0.05) mounting and nosing behaviors and rubbing the heads of other pigs than males. On the other hand, males engaged in more (p<0.05) fighting, nipping, ear chewing and standing on other pigs compared to females. Pigs provided PR lighting on the first night of weaning engaged in higher (p<0.05) incidences of nosing and tail sucking behaviors, more (p<0.05) head thrusting, fighting and ear chewing compared to control pigs. The body condition of weaners provided the TP/PR lighting treatment was significantly poorer (p<0.05) compared to weaners on control lighting. In conclusion there was no improvement in production performance of weaners provided new technology lighting apart from the improvement in feed intake in the first week weaners were exposed to the TP/PR lighting.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2004

Designing outdoor lighting on landmarks has been activated in Korea since 2002 World Cup. And outdoor lighting has been important method to create nighttime activities. Especially, historic buildings which are illuminated by outdoor lighting expresses cultural beauty of the heritages in the region. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the outdoor lighting effect of historic buildings with particular reference to four historic buildings - Namdaemun, Kwanghwamun, Changanmun and Paltalmun. For the purpose, luminance of outdoor lighting are measured. Outdoor lighting of the historic buildings were mainly illuminated by the floodlights. In addition, up-lighting and accent lighting were used for expressing the bracket structure. Basements and rooflines are emphasized by floodlighting, and they represented the night image of historical buildings. For the subjective evaluation on the outdoor lighting of historic buildings, outdoor lighting images of four historic buildings - Namdaemun, Kwanghwamun, Changanmun and Paltalmun were photographed. Questionnaire surveys were conducted by hundred and twenty university students of architectural department And collected papers were statistically analyzed by SPSS. Factors that shows outdoor lighting images of historical buildings are as follows; atmosphere, clearness, intimacy, modelling. On the question of general impression of outdoor lighting, Kwanghwamun has got the most satisfactory responses and the next is Changanmun and Namdaemun, Paltalmun. Major variables which related to the 'general impression' of outdoor lighting for historic buildings have been 'dignity', 'match', 'elegance', 'beauty' in the order.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제66권4호
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• pp.242-246
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• 2017

In this study, it was investigated about optical simulation in high brightness and high uniformity general lighting using glass light guide plate. And we adopt edge-light emission type light plate. Edge-light type lighting has been used LCD application, especially note PC or smart phone backlight unit. Because it had the good properties such as slim shape and light weight. We thought this type was suitable for general lighting application such as wall attached type or ceiling mount type. But many of edge-light type lighting had problems. It called slanted output light rays. That was main key parameter how could control the direction of output light rays. We investigated the solution of this problems, using ray tracing method, we recognized the major fact of the solution relied on the geometric structure of diffusing dot shape. We set the conditions of aspect ratio in diffusing dot shape such as 0.5 to 1. And, at first, we designed diffusing dots shape based on the results of optical simulation and made specimen. as above condition, and acquired good result in confirming dots shape such as the value of the output rays's peak angle was around 75 degrees. And good light distribution characteristics were measured by slated spectro-radiometer. It was shown that the effective ways of designing light distribution characteristics using optical simulation such as ray tracing linear method for making general lighting using glass light guide plate.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.76-81
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• 2013

In our former study, we proposed that the AC-Model might be applied to various conditions. And we also introduced the method for daylighting that it was possible to reduce discomfort glare and to improve visual impressions as the supplementary type and blind-control type on the compound lighting. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between physical elements and psychological evaluation of lighting space. The study was made using an full-size space, which were equipped with various luminaries. We investigated the relationship between subjective evaluation and characteristics of light distribution and showed the high correlation between the evaluation rating and luminance distribution over whole room.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2013

The problems of light pollution first became an issue in the 1970s when astronomers identified the degradation of the night sky due to the increase in lighting associated with development and growth. As more impacts to the environment by lighting have been identified, many attempts have been made for reducing light pollutions. To prevent light pollution and increase energy efficiency, Seoul Metropolitan Government(SMG) replaced metal halide road lighting to LED luminaire in four arterial highway in Seoul. The present study compared the lighting characteristics of metal halide and LED luminaire in terms of Korea Standard for road lighting(KS A 3701) and BUG rating from Illuminating Engineering Society of North America(IESNA). The results showed that LED luminaire increased road surface luminance up to 2 times in average compared to the metal halide environment. Also, LED luminaire reduced the glare value by 2 times and luminous flux over 50% than the metal halide luminaire. In comparison with the BUG ratings, LED luminaire rated 1 degree lower for the backlight ratings and 3-4 degrees lower for the uplight ratings. The measured values testified that the LED luminaire is effective for roadway lighting and light pollution reduction.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.6-14
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• 2013

The position of the light source, illuminance distribution, and color temperature were evaluated in each lighting environment for the three main activities in a living room - 'watching TV,' 'reading' and 'relaxing.' In 'watching TV', the experiment was done to estimate the degree of comfort felt by the subjects when they watch static video and moving video, respectably, with different ambient brightness, with or without partial lighting above the TV set, and with different color temperatures. In 'reading', the comfortableness was estimated by the illuminance ratio of the ambient lighting to the lighting for reading and by the difference in color temperature. And in 'relaxing', the comfortableness was estimated by means of the ambient brightness, use/no use of a relaxing lamp, and color temperature. This experiment determined the general satisfaction for each visual act and the optimum lighting environment to reduce glare.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2012년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.140-145
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to understand the change of impression by comparing the uniformity lighting with the compound lighting. In previous study, we proposed a light controlling method to harmonize daylight from a window and artificial lights from a ceiling and obtained the results to support our method. We referred this method as the Adjusted Compound-Lighting Model (AC Model). The model claims that lighting in a room with a side-window are perceived as harmonious when the overall light distribution in the room is well approximated by a compound of lights from the window and the entire ceiling. The experiment is carried out with the scaled-models and mock-up spaces that were supposed to be an office space. One is lit by the uniform lighting and the other by the compound lighting in each experimental space. In order to present varying illuminance distributions, thetwo variables were used in this study. One was the ratio of thelight from the window and ceiling in the standard and evaluation box. The standard box was provided by the ratio of 20% to 40% from the window and 80% to 60% from the ceiling as two lighting ratio patterns [Wu20(=Cu80) and Wu40(=Cu60)]. And the evaluation box was provided by the light ratio of 0% to 40 from the window and 100% to 60% from the ceiling [Wcp0(=Ccp100), Wcp20(=Ccp80) and Wcp40(=Ccp60)]. The other variable was themean illuminance level in both boxes. Two level of mean illuminance (700lx and 300lx) were used in this experiment. Each lighting condition was established at equal horizontal mean illuminance level, held constant near 700lx or 300lx in both boxes. Both of them were similar in the shape of distribution when there were same ratios of lights from the window and the ceiling. Subjects were asked to evaluate the point of difference by semantic differential rating on their overall impression after comparing with two rooms. The results showed that the impressions of compound lighting were more positive score than that of uniformity lighting on the items of 'dim-bright', 'dislike-like', 'artificial-natural' and 'closed-open', and that there was no significant difference in impressions between two spaces on other items.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.213-220
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• 2000

Grafting of fruit-bearing vegetables has been widely used to increase the resistance to soil-borne diseases, to increase the tolerance to low temperature or to soil salinity, to increase the plant vigor, and to extend the duration of economic harvest time. After grafting, it is important to control the environment around grafted seedlings for the robust joining of a scion and rootstock. Usually the shading materials and plastic films are used to keep the high relative humidity and low light intensity in greenhouse or tunnel. It is quite difficult to optimally control the environment for healing and acclimation of grafted seedlings under natural light. So the farmers or growers rely on their experience for the production of grafted seedling with high quality. If artificial light is used as a lighting source for graft-taking of grafted seedlings, the light intensity and photoperiod can be easily controlled. The purpose of this study was to develop a prototype system for the graft-taking enhancement of grafted seedlings using artificial lighting and to investigate the effect of air current speed on the distribution of air temperature and relative humidity in a graft-taking enhancement system. A prototype graft-taking system was consisted by polyurethane panels, air-conditioning unit, system controller and lighting unit. Three band fluorescent lamps (FL20SEX-D/18, Kumho Electric, Inc.) were used as a lighting source. Anemometer (Climomaster 6521, KANOMAX), T-type thermocouples and humidity sensors (CHS-UPS, TDK) were used to measure the air current speed, air temperature and relative humidity in a graft-taking system. In this system, air flow acted as a driving force for the diffusion of heat and water vapor. Air current speed, air temperature and relative humidity controlled by a programmable logic controller (UP750, Yokogawa Electric Co) and an inverter (MOSCON-G3, SAMSUNG) had an even distribution. Distribution of air temperature and relative humidity in a graft-taking enhancement system was fairly affected by air current speed. Air current speed higher than 0.1m/s was required to obtain the even distribution of environmental factors in this system. At low air current speed of 0.1m/s, the evapotranspiration rate of grafted seedlings would be suppressed and thus graft-taking would be enhanced. This system could be used to investigate the effects of air temperature, relative humidity, air current speed and light intensity on the evaportranspiration rate of grafted seedlings.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제25권12호
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• pp.54-59
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• 2011

LED lightings typically do not fail catastrophically during use. However, over time the light output will gradually depreciate. Even if there are same LED lighting, they are so different at all. because of dissimilar the use and environment of each LED lighting. In this paper, we make a description of reliability analysis procedures for the degradation data using collected field data. Reliability analysis procedures are consisted of estimating degradation models and failure time, verification of distribution and parameters of the distribution, and reliability measures estimation. At some point in time, the light emitted from an LED lightings depreciates to a level where it is no longer considered adequate for a specific application.

• 한국조명전기설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조명전기설비학회 2000년도 학술대회논문집
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• pp.135-143
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• 2000

This parer is the among educational environment, lighting's role is more important since it improves the visual tasks, capability of work, and it help to build both balanced mind and body. Also, since students need spend most of their time inside rather than outside, students need appropriate illuminance everyday. If optimum illuminance and distribution of luminance is properties controlled, people can decrease the fatigue of eyes, and also, people can maximize their efficiency of work. This present studying class chose of two school measured illuminance using the computer simulation improved ratio of luminance and luminance by distribution of lighting improve the economy and energy saving.