• 제목/요약/키워드: Light colour

검색결과 90건 처리시간 0.029초

여러 가지 천연 염재를 이용한 면, 견, 모직물의 염색 및 소취 특성 (Dyeing and Deodorizing Properties of Cotton, Silk, and Wool Fabrics Dyed with Various Natural Colorants)

  • 황은경;이영희;김한도
    • 한국염색가공학회지
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    • 제19권6호
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    • pp.12-20
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    • 2007
  • Four kinds of natural dying solutions (natural colorant extracts)were obtained by extraction from sappan wood, black tea, peony, and clove using water as extracting solvent at $90^{\circ}C$ for 90 min with liquor ratio (solid natural colorant material/solvent water, weight ratio) of 1/10. The dyeing, colour fastness and deodorizing properties of fabrics (cotton, silk, and wool fabrics) dyed with natural colorant extracts were compared. It was found that these properties were significantly dependent on the concentration of extracts, the structure of colorant, and the kind of fabrics. The K/S value of dyed cotton fabric increased in the order of peony < sappan wood < clove < black tea, however, the values of dyed silk and wool fabrics were in the order of peony < sappan wood < black tea < clove. Colour fastness (light, water, and perspiration fastness) was in the range of 3 - 5 grade except for sappan wood. The deodorizing performance of fabrics dyed with various natural colorants extracts was in the range of 56 - 99%. The deodorizing performance increased in the order of peony < black tea < sappan wood < clove. Especially, the deodorizing performance of all fabrics dyed with clove was found to be the highest at 98-99%.

Photometric Study on the Spot-Double Star XY Ursae Majoris(I)

  • Lee, Woo-Baik
    • Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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    • 제5권1호
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    • pp.57-72
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    • 1988
  • The long-term observational properties of the photometric behaviors of the short period(p=0.48 day) eclipsing binary system XY UMa are discussed. They are based on the UBV observatins, which were carried out by Geyer in the yaers 1955-1961, 1968, 1975-1984. Light curves of XY UMa revealed very large changes not only between consecutive observing nights, but also from season to season. Between 1955 and 1984, the mean system brightness increased about 30% during this time interfvals, meanwhile, the orbital period of this system was constant whithin 1.6% of its period. The colour index curve shows similar variations like the light curve but with a phase offset oscillation around the time instants of the primary minama. Observational evidence for photospheric and chromospheric activities on the XY Uma are also discussed.

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The Novel Functional Chromophores Based on Squarylium Dyes

  • Park, Soo-Youl;Jun, Kun;Oh, Sea-Wha
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제26권3호
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    • pp.428-432
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    • 2005
  • Squarylium or squaraine dyes are derived from 1,2-dihydroxycyclobuten-3,4-dione, otherwise known as squaric acids. They are two principal types: the 1,2-bisdonorsubstituted derivatives, and the 1,3-bisdonorsubstituted derivatives. The former are essentially merocyanines and have no distinctive properties, whereas the latter represent a unique type of chromophore, which is neither a merocyanines nor cyanine and has exceptional light absorption characteristics. They also have many functional applications based on their special properties. Thus it was the objective of this research project to synthesize a range of 1,3-squarylium dyes of widely differing structural types, and to investigate their light absorption and fluorescence properties in general, and the color change properties of appropriate examples in particular. Also in this study, the various pHinduced colour change processes were examined.

The first detection of intracluster light beyond a redshift of 1

  • Ko, Jongwan;Jee, Myungkook J.
    • 천문학회보
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    • 제44권1호
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    • pp.39.1-39.1
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    • 2019
  • Not all stars in the Universe are gravitationally bounded to galaxies. Since first discovered in 1951, observations have revealed that a significant fraction of stars fills the space between galaxies in local (low-redshift) galaxy clusters, observed as diffuse intracluster light (ICL). Theoretical models provide mechanisms for the production of intracluster stars as tidally stripped material or debris generated through numerous galaxy interactions during the hierarchical growth of the galaxy cluster. These mechanisms predict that most intracluster stars in local galaxy clusters are long-accumulated material since z~1. However, there is no observational evidence to verify this prediction. Here we report observations of abundant ICL for a massive (above $10^{14}$ solar masses) galaxy cluster at a redshift of z=1.24, when the Universe was 5 billion years old. We found that more than 10 per cent of the total light of the cluster is contributed by the diffuse ICL out to 110 kpc from the center of the cluster, comparable to 5-20 per cent in local, massive galaxy cluster. Furthermore, we found that the colour of the brightest cluster galaxy located in the core of the cluster is consistent with that of the ICL out to 200 kpc. Our results demonstrate that the majority of the intracluster stars present in the local Universe, contrary to most previous theoretical and observational studies, were built up during a short period and early (z>1) in the history of the Virgo-like massive galaxy cluster formation, and might be concurrent with the formation of the brightest cluster galaxy.

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도시 가로시설물의 조형 요소와 선호도 간의 상관성 분석 (An Analysis on the Relationship between the Art Elements and Preference of Urban Street Furnitures)

  • 강규범;조세환
    • 한국조경학회지
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    • 제42권4호
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    • pp.10-20
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    • 2014
  • 본 연구는 가로 시설물 디자인의 조형 요소와 가로경관 선호도 간의 상관성 분석을 목적으로 수행되었으며, 일산 신도시의 가로 공간 내 입지하고 있는 휴식, 위생, 조명, 정보, 판매, 교통, 조경 관련 다양한 가로시설물을 연구 대상으로 하였다. 연구는 가로시설물 관련 문헌조사를 기반으로 이론을 고찰하고, 설문조사 및 분석을 통해 결과를 고찰하는 방법으로 진행하였으며, 다음과 같은 연구 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 첫째, 가로경관에 영향을 미치는 요소를 파악하기 위한 분석에서 '휴식시설'과 '정보시설', '조경시설' 등 3개 요소가 가로경관에 주요 영향을 미치는 요소로 나타났다. 특히 이들은 '휴식', '조경', '정보' 시설 순으로 경관 선호도에 큰 영향력을 미치고 있었으며, 휴식시설에는 각종 '의자 요소'가, 정보시설'에는 '사인보드'가, 조경시설에는 '조형물', '분수', '문주'등의 시설 요소가 경관 선호도에 주된 영향을 미치는 요소인 것으로 분석되었다. 둘째, 형태, 색채, 질감, 스케일 등 조형요소가 가로시설물의 선호도에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과, 휴식시설인 의자는 '질감', '형태', '스케일', '색채'의 순으로 조형디자인 요소가 경관 선호도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 '색채' 요소가 다른 3개 요소에 비해 상대적으로 경관 선호도에 적은 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 통계적 유의성이 있는 것으로 나타났는데, 이것은 의자 등 편의시설에서는 질감, 형태, 스케일 등 기능적인 사항이 색채 등 시각적 것보다 선호도에 크게 영향을 미치고 있음을 시사하고 있는 것이었다. 조경시설 중 모뉴먼트와 관련된 시설은 경관 선호도에 있어 '색채', '형태', '질감', '스케일' 등의 순으로 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타남으로써 의자 등 편의시설과는 다른 양상을 보이고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이것은 색채, 형태등 시각적 요소가 오히려 경관 선호도에 중요한 영향을 준다는 것을 의미하고 있는 것으로 사료되었다. 셋째, 특히, 사인보드 등 정보시설에 있어 경관 선호도와 디자인의 조형 요소와의 상관관계에 있어서는 부(否)의 상관성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 사인보드가 경관 선호도에 매우 부정적 영향을 끼치는 것을 의미하고 있음인데, 디자인 조형요소와의 상관성은 '스케일', '색채', '질감'의 순으로 나타남으로써 '스케일' 즉 광고물의 '크기'와 '색채'가 경관 선호도에 악영향을 미치고 있음을 의미하였다. 이상의 결과는 가로 경관 요소로서 가로 시설물을 디자인하고자 할 경우, 시설물의 종류에 따라서 상이한 조형 요소에 상대적으로 집중적 관심을 쏟아야 할 필요가 있음을 보여주고 있었다. 마지막으로, 가로시설물을 분류함에 있어서 지금까지 교과서적으로 분류해 온 '기능' 중심의 '계' 차원의 분류체계는 경관성과 관련하여서는 바람직하지 않은 것으로 나타났으며, 따라서 경관과 관련한 연구를 수행할 경우, '계'보다는 '시설 종류' 차원으로 분류하는 것이 보다 바람직한 것으로 나타났다.

인공위성관측과 지상관측에 의한 Be성과 B성의 연구 (Ground-based and On-satellite Observations of Be and B Stars)

  • 정장해
    • Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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    • 제5권1호
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    • pp.9-18
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    • 1988
  • 연세대학교 천문대에서 1983~1987 기간에 Be 성 $\gamma$ Cas을 총 31일 밤 광전측광관측을 하여 312개의 UBV관측점을 얻었다. 우리가 얻은 자료 중에서 비교적 관측시간이 길었던 5일분의 자료로, V, B-V, U-B광도 곡선을 만들었고, $\gamma$Case 의 일반적인 측광학적 특성을, V/R번화와 최근 IUE 인공위성관측에서 나타난 high velocity narrow component(hvnc)의 시기와 관련시켜 검토하였다. 또한, $\epsilon$ Per는 $H\beta$선의 모양(line, profile)이 심하게 변하는 이색적인 B형 별인데, 우리는 1984년에 IUE인공위성에서 관측한 이 별의 스펙트럼 image data 6개조를 분석하여 $H\beta$선에서와 같은 흡수선의 모양 변화가 UV영역의 SiIVsk CIV선에서도 일어나고 있는지를 비교검토한 결과, 이 6개 자료에서는 어떤 변화도 발견하지 못했다.

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Rapd Analysis of Trichoderma Isolates for Superior Selection for Biopesticide Preparation

  • Parvin, Shahnaj;Islam, Abu Taher Mohammad Shafiqul;Siddiqua, Mahbuba Khatoon;Uddin, Mohammad Nazim;Meah, Mohammad Bahadur
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제56권1호
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    • pp.35-43
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    • 2011
  • Thirty five isolates of Trichoderma species collected from seven different locations of Bangladesh were studied for morphological characters and molecular variation. Mycelial diameters of the isolates varied from 8.28 cm to 9.00 cm. Based on colony colour, isolates were grouped into five such as dark green, green, light green, yellowish green and whitish green. Maximum isolates were green and light green. On the basis of growth habit and colony consistency, the isolates were categorized into three groups, in which most species had fast growth and were compact in appearance. PCR-based Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique employing 3 decamer primers produced 36 scorable bands of which all (100%) were polymorphic. The co-efficient of gene differentiation (Gst) was 1.0000 reflecting the existence of high level of genetic diversity among the isolates. The Unweighted Pair Group Method of Arithmetic Means (UPGMA) dendrogram constructed from Nei's (1972) genetic distance produced 2 main clusters (13 isolates in cluster 1 and 22 isolates in cluster 2). The result indicating their genetic diversity has opened new possibility of using the most efficient and more isolates of Trichoderma in the preparation of biopesticide and decomposition of municipality waste.

간흡충에 대한 살충성 물질에 관한 연구 V. 잉어 체표점액내 살충성물질의 화학적 성상 (The Wormicidal Substance of Fresh Water Fishes on Clonorehis sinensis V. Purification and Chemical Charaeterization of Clonorehicidal Substance from Epidermal Mucus of Cyprinus carpio)

  • 이재구;안병준
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • 제22권1호
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    • pp.127-134
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    • 1984
  • As a series of studies to clarify clonorchicidal substances in body surface mucus of some freshwater fishes, the substance in the epidermal mucus of Cyprinus carpio was isolated by silica gel column and thin layer chromatography and analysed for its chemical nature. Wormicidal trial was done in vitro, and the results obtained are summarized as follows: The mucus was extracted by ethyl ether and separated into 4 fractions by column chromatography using benzene as solvent. The second fraction with yellowish red colour among them showed the strongest clonorchicidal effect. The yellowish red fraction obtained by column chromatography was then fractionated into 6 spots by thin layer chromatography with petrol/ etherjchloroform (30/70, v/v), and the Rf. 0.714 spot among the 6 spots showed the strongest effect. The Rf. 0.714 spot was further fractionated into 6 spots by thin layer chromatography with benzene/acetone (90/10, vlv), and the Rf. 0.800 spot among the later 6 spots revealed the strongest effect. The Rf. 0.800 spot was chromatographed on column with benzene and 2 fractions were obtained. The second fraction of light brown colour represented the final purified fraction. By these Purification Procedures, clonorchicidal substance was Purified 15-fold with 0.035 yield from the mucus of C. carpio, and 10mg of the final fraction killed the cercaria in 26 min, the metacercaria in 115 min, and the adult in 443 min. Infra red and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometric analysis of the purified substance revealed that the substance belongs to an ethyl ester of unsaturated fatty acid with 2 double bonds, 15 methylene groups and 1 methyl group.

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Impacts of post-mortem ageing prior to freezing on technological and oxidative properties of coarse ground lamb sausage in a model system

  • Choe, Juhui;Kim, Hyun-Wook;Farouk, Mustafa M.;Kim, Yuan H. Brad
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제30권7호
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    • pp.1021-1028
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    • 2017
  • Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of ageing time of lamb loins prior to freezing on technological characteristics and oxidation stability of coarse ground lamb loin sausage using in a model system. Methods: Lamb loins (M. longissimus lumborum, n = 25) were aged at $-1.5^{\circ}C$ for 0, 1, 2, 3, and 8 wk and then frozen for the remaining days (a total of 30 wk). The aged/frozen/thawed lamb loins were ground, and model sausages were formulated with 75% aged/frozen/thawed lamb loin, 25% water, 1.5% sodium chloride (NaCl) and 0.3% sodium tripolyphosphate. The pH and thaw/purge loss of aged/frozen/thawed lamb loins were evaluated, and protein functionality (protein solubility and emulsifying capacity), water-holding capacity and textural properties of model sausages were determined. Cooked model sausages were vacuum-packaged in a plastic bag and displayed under continuous fluorescent natural white light ($3^{\circ}C{\pm}1^{\circ}C$). Colour and lipid oxidation of the cooked model sausages were evaluated on 0 and 21 d of display storage. Results: Ageing prior to freezing had no impact on pH and purge/thaw loss of lamb loins and the colour of cooked sausages (p>0.05) made from the loins. Lamb loins aged for at least 3 wk prior to freezing numerically improved total and myofibrillar protein solubilities (p>0.05) and emulsion activity index (p = 0.009) of meat batter, but decreased cooking loss (p = 0.003) and lipid oxidation (p<0.05) of model sausages. Conclusion: This study suggests that post-mortem ageing of raw meat prior to freezing could improve water-holding capacity and lipid oxidative stability of sausage made from the meat.

The Processed Radish Extract Melanogenesis in Humans and Induces Anti-Photoaging Effects in Ultraviolet B-Induced Hairless Mouse Model

  • Kim, Hyun-Kyoung
    • International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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    • 제7권4호
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    • pp.125-136
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    • 2019
  • The radish skin and radish greens are an edible part of the radish. But they are removed before eating the radish and used as a byproduct or an animal feed material because of their tough and rough texture. Melanin is a pigment that gives colour to our skin. But increased production of melanin can turn into benign or malignant tumours. These days due to global warming, the amount of Ultra violet (UVB) rays has been extensively increased with sunlight. Due to this, a phenomenon called exogenous photo aging is widely observed for all skin colour and types. As a result of this phenomenon, a set of enzymes called matrix metalloproteinases (MMP's) that serves as degradation enzymes for extracellular matrix proteins mainly collagen is increased, causing depletion in collagen and resulting in early wrinkles formation. Therefore in our study we used the murine melanoma cell line B16/F10 to study the melanogenesis inhibition by Heated radish extract (HRE) in vitro and we used HRM-2 hair less mice exposed to artificial UVB for checking the efficacy of Heated radish extract in vivo. Furthermore, we prepared a 3% Heated radish extract (HRE) cream and checked its effects on human skin. Our results have clearly demonstrated that Heated radish extract (HRE) have potently suppressed the tyrosinase activity and melanin production in B16/F10 cells. It had also reduced the expression of components involved in melanin production pathway both transcriptionally and transitionally. In in vivo studies, HRE had potently suppressed the expression of MMP's and reduced the wrinkle formation and inhibited collagen degradation. Moreover, on human skin, ginseng cream increased the resilience, skin moisture and enhanced the skin tone. Therefore in light of these findings, we conclude that HRE is an excellent skin whitening and antiaging product.