• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2000년도 제15차 학술회의논문집
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• pp.106-106
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• 2000

This study is to embody automatic inspection system of motor body panel by visual system. since it is inefficient to examine the adhesion condition of components with the naked eye, picture processing algorithm is presented to replace the existing manual inspection process with an automatic inspection process. The developed automatic inspection system presents the examination method of the adhesion condition of components with a ixed camera, which leads to an increase of the productivity and a reduction of manufacturing cost.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.235-241
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• 1989

The study was conducted to determine the Ms orthogonaL modia and the concentration of plant growth regulator for seed matura-tion and growth of rhizome from Cymbidium goeringii Germination waswell in dark condition, but the growth of rhizome was better un-der dark than under light condition in MS orthoTonal . Sucrose con-centration( 3 %) gave better results than higher ones(6%), andthe use of NAA(0.1 PPm) effect significant difference of seed ge-rmination .But the growth of rhizome was best in medium Containingsucrose concentration(3%) Ippm NAA and 1 PPm BA.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.316-326
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• 2011

In this study, the entrapped number is investigated on the UV light with different illuminance to fluorescent bait cage for swimming crab in order to find the appropriate illuminance which has the best attraction effect of fluorescent bait cage for pots. In addition, preference to the light, arrival time and residence time at light area are compared and analyzed to fluorescent bait cage and non-fluorescent bait cage for American lobster at the UV light and ordinary light according to the illuminance condition. Pot with red non-fluorescent bait cage at the no lighting (<0.01lux), pot with blue fluorescent bait cage at the 20W UV lighting (0.16lux) and pot with blue fluorescent bait cage at the 30W UV lighting (0.22lux) were soaked for 6 hours and the entrapped number of swimming crab was examined. The mean entrapped number of swimming crab in pot with red non-fluorescent bait cage at the no lighting (<0.01lux) was 1.0, but the mean entrapped number of swimming crab in pot with blue fluorescent bait cages at the 20W UV lighting (0.16lux) and 30W UV lighting (0.22lux) were 1.4 and 0.4, respectively (P<0.05). The rate of preference to the blue fluorescent bait cage at the UV lighting shows 1.6-4.8 times higher than that of preference to the red non-fluorescent bait cage at the ordinary lighting. In addition, The rate of preference to the blue fluorescent bait cage at the UV lighting is higher when the illuminance of ordinary light is same as or is lower than that of UV light (P<0.05). However, the preference to the light depending on gender shows no significant difference (P>0.05). The arrival time to UV light area of lobster is shown as 1.2-2.4 times faster than that to ordinary light area. Generally, it is shown that arrival time to UV light area is faster than the arrival time to ordinary light area when the illuminance of ordinary light is the same as or lower than that of UV light (P<0.05). However, arrival time to the light area depending on gender shows no significant difference (P>0.05). The residence time at UV light area of lobster is 1.2-1.7 times longer than that at ordinary light area. The residence time depending on different illuminance of ordinary light and genders showed no significant difference (P>0.05).

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.135-143
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• 2009

To study the behavioral reaction of common squid Todarodes pacificus, to different colors of LED light, individual distribution in the dark condition without LED light stimuli, individual distribution when four colors of light stimuli were at the sections of end and middle of water tank and the changes of gathering rates as the elapse of illuminating time were examined. When it was dark, the distribution of the fish in each section of the tank was U-shape regardless of the investigating time intervals, which means that Todarodes pacificus gathered at the both ends of the tank. The individual distribution when light stimuli were at the one end of the tank showed the tendency of gathering at the illuminated section and decreasing at the opposite section. There were 448 of them at the end of the tank when the light was blue, 352 when white, 302 when green and 132 when red. Thus the fish liked blue light the most, followed by white light. The variations of gathering rate at the both ends of tank as illuminating time elapsed showed the tendency of increasing at the light section (A section), however, it showed the tendency of decreasing at the darkest section (F section). The individual distribution showed the tendency of letter $\wedge$ of gathering at the center and decreasing at the both ends mostly when the light stimuli were at the middle section of tank. The gathering rates at the lighting section were 80.4% when red, 76.4% when white, 69.6% when green and 56.7% when blue. The fishes showed the affinity for the red light mostly, followed by the white light source. The red light and blue light showed the opposite when the light stimuli were at the one end of water tank. The variations of gathering rates as the elapse of time at the lighted section showed the tendency of gradual increasing in the four light sources. The color of light source showing the highest gathering rate within 25-30 minutes of light stimuli was the white, followed by the red.

• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
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• pp.1182-1182
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• 2001

In this study, the newly constructed optical measurement system, which was mainly composed of a parametric tunable laser and a near infrared photoelectric multiplier, was introduced to clarify the optical characteristics of wood as discontinuous body with anisotropic cellular structure from the viewpoint of the time-of-flight near infrared spectroscopy (TOF-NIRS). The combined effects of the cellular structure of wood sample, the wavelength of the laser beam λ, and the detection position of transmitted light on the time resolved profiles were investigated in detail. The variation of the attenuance of peak maxima At, the time delay of peak maxima Δt and the variation of full width at half maximum Δw were strongly dependent on the feature of cellular structure of a sample and the wavelength of the laser beam. The substantial optical path length became about 30 to 35 times as long as sample thickness except the absorption band of water. Δt ${\times}$ Δw representing the light scattering condition increased exponentially with the sample thickness or the distance between the irradiation point and the end of sample. Around the λ=900-950 nm, there may be considerable light scattering in the lumen of tracheid, which is multiple specular reflection and easy to propagate along the length of wood fiber. Such tendency was remarkable for soft wood with the aggregate of thin layers of cell walls. When we apply TOF-NIRS to the cellular structural materials like wood, it is very important to give attention to the difference in the light scattering within cell wall and the multiple specular-like reflections between cell walls. We tried to express the characteristics of the time resolved profile on the basis of the optical parameters for light propagation determined by the previous studies, which were absorption coefficient K and scattering coefficient S from Kubelka-Munk theory and n from nth power cosine model of radiant intensity. The wavelength dependency of the product of K/S and n, which expressed the light-absorbing and -scattering condition and the degree of anisotropy, respectively, was similar to that of the time delay of peak maxima Δt. The variation of the time resolved profile is governed by the combination of these parameters. So, we can easily find the set of parameters for light propagation synthetically from Δt.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.135-147
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• 1994

This study was conducted to evaluate whether the fatigue toughness of visible light cured composite resins could be improved and how much percentage of polymerzation shrinkage could be affected by additional heat treatment. 7 materials were investigated for this study: P-50, Lite-fil CR inlay, Pekafil, Clearfil CR inlay, Clearfil photo posterior, Z -100 and Progress. Diametral tensile strengths and linear shrinkages of composite resins were taken under visible light cured and additional post-cure heated condition and compared each other. A fatigue toughness of above materials was evaluated by measuring diametral tensile strength after they were repeatedly loaded with 120kgf/$cm^2$ up to 3000 cycles. The results obtained were as follows : 1. When composite resins were cured just by visible light, Lite fil CR inlay, Z -100 and Progress showed respectively higher diametral tensile strength than the other materials. Clearfil CR inlay, Clearfil photo posterior and Progress exhibited strong fatigue toughness compared to P-50 and Pekafil. 2. Post-cure heat treated composite resins had higher diametral tensile strengths than visible light cured composite resins at fatigue toughness test as well as no fatigue toughness test. 3. When Composite resins were additionally polymerized by post-cure heat treatment, P-50 showed weak fatigue toughness, on the contrary, Clearfil CR inlay, Z-100, Progress showed strong one. 4. When composite resins were cured just by visible light, percentage of polymerization linear shrinkage was the lowerest in Clearfil CR inlay, followed by, in ascending order, Clearfil photo posterior, Lite-fil CR inlay, Progress, Pekafil, P-50, and Z-100. In the case of post- cure heat treated composite resins, percentage of linear shrinkage was the lowest in Clearfil photo posterior, followed by, in ascending order, Lite-til CR inlay, Clearfil CR inlay, Progress, P-50, Pekafil and Z-100. 5. Percentage of polymerization linear shrinkage was greater in the post-cure heat treated composite resins than in the visible light cured composite resins and linear shrinkage increased significantly in Pekafil, Clearfil CR inlay, and Clearfil photo posterior between at the visible light cured and at the post-cure heat treated condition. The above results is saying that additional post-cure heat treatment on the composite resins for posterior restoration is able to affect on improvement of strength and fatigue toughness and lead to increase polymerization of composite resins.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.884-889
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 리튬이온커패시터의 음극으로 polyaniline $(PANI)/WO_3$ 전극을 제조하고, 이의 전기화학적 특성을 측정, 분석하였다. $WO_3$ 전극 표면에 PANI를 전기화학적으로 담지 하였을 때 PANI의 용량이 더해져 $WO_3$ 전극보다 충, 방전 용량이 향상되었다. 한편, 충, 방전 시 태양광을 조사하여 충, 방전 용량과 쿨롱 효율(coulombic efficiency)에 빛 조사가 미치는 영향을 파악하였다. $WO_3$ 전극과 $PANI/WO_3$ 전극에 태양광을 조사하였을 때, 두 전극의 충, 방전 용량과 쿨롱 효율은 태양광을 조사하지 않았을 때보다 증가하였다. 이는 $WO_3$가 빛 조사에 의해 광전자를 생성하여 전극의 전기화학적 특성에 영향을 주기 때문으로 해석되며, $PANI/WO_3$의 경우 PANI 또한 빛에 의해 여기 될 수 있어 전극의 특성이 변하게 된다. 빛 조사에 의해 추가로 생성된 광전자가 $Li^+$ 이온의 삽입(intercalation)에 사용되어 용량을 증가시킬 수 있을 뿐 아니라, 전극의 전도성을 높여 쿨롱 효율을 향상 시키는 것으로 여겨진다. $PANI/WO_3$는 충, 방전을 반복하여 진행하게 되면 PANI의 불안정성으로 인해 용량이 점차 감소되게 되지만, 빛 조사 시에는 생성된 광전자와 정공으로 인한 산화-환원 반응에 의해 PANI의 안정성이 크게 향상되어 충, 방전 용량의 감소없이 안정적으로 유지되었다.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1996

When cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cotyledon discs were floated on $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid, oxyfluorfen, or rose bengal solution under light condition following 20 h dark incubation, rapid electrolyte leakage from the tissues occurred. The electrolyte leakage from the tissues was dependent on the compounds treated, their concentrations, and the duration of light exposure to the tissues. Dark incubation before exposure to continuous white light enhanced electrolyte leakage from the tissues treated with the compounds and reduced lag period for the activity of the compounds. Electrolyte leakage from the treated tissues was greatly influenced by the light intensity to which they were exposed. Higher light intensities stimulated electrolyte leakage and reduced lag period. Porphyrin biosynthesis inhibitors, gabaculine and 4,6-dioxoheptanoic acid, completely inhibited electrolyte leakage from the oxyfluorfen-treated tissues. Protection against the activity of $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid from electrolyte leakage was complete with 4,6-dioxoheptanoic acid, but not with gabaculine. However, gabaculine and 4,6-dioxoheptanoic acid gave no such protection against rose bengal activity. In summary, our results indicate that $\delta$--aminolevulinic acid, oxyfluorfen, and rose bengal exert their effects by causing electrolyte leakage from the treated tissues in a similar manner, except that oxyfluorfen has an apparent lag period for its action on electrolyte leakage increase. All above compounds require preincubation of treated tissues in darkness and subsequent light exposure with a high intensity for their maximal activities. Our results also support that in the presence of light, $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid and oxyfluorfen cause cellular damage through the indirect generation of singlet oxygen from accumulated tetrapyrroles of porphyrin pathway, whereas rose bengal causes cellular damage through the direct generation of singlet oxygen.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2012

본 연구는 담수미세조류의 일종인 클로렐라를 적색 발광다이오드를 이용하여 효율적으로 배양하기 위한 조건을 찾기 위해 수행되었다. 클로렐라 배양에 최적인 광량을 찾기 위해 광량을 조절하여 클로렐라가 포함된 반응기에 각각 조사하여 성장속도 및 셀농도를 측정하였다. 적색파장 사용 시, 광량이 증가할수록 성장속도는 광량에 비례하여 증가하였으나 셀농도는 지속적으로 감소하였다. 공기 공급에 따른 성장특성을 살펴보기 위해 반응기에 미세공기를 연속적으로 주입하였는데, 반응속도 및 셀농도는 공기를 주입하지 않은 경우에 비해 2배와 10배 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 고농도의 이산화탄소 주입의 경우에는 배지의 pH가 3이하로 저하되어 클로렐라의 성장이 감소하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 클로렐라를 효과적으로 배양하기 위해서는 적색파장의 발광다이오드를 광원으로 사용하고 반응기에 공기를 연속적으로 주입하는 것이 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.296-301
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• 2012

Purpose: Combustion and fuel qualities of the animal-fats biodiesel as a heating fuel for agricultural hot air heater were studied. Methods: Biodiesel (BD) was made from animal-fats by reacting with methanol and potassium hydroxide in the laboratory. The biodiesel made in the laboratory was tested for fuel and combustion qualities. Results: The kinematic viscosity and the calorific values of the biodiesels were measured. Kerosene based biodiesel, BD20 (K) showed 18 cSt at $-20^{\circ}C$. It seemed that BD100 was not suitable for a heating fuel under some temperature. As BD content increased, the calorific value decreased up to 40,000 J/g for BD100, while the calorific value of light oil was 45,567 J/g showing difference of 5,567 J/g, about 12% difference. Several different fuels including BD20 (biodiesel 20% + light oil 80%), BD50 (biodiesel 50% + light oil 50%), BD100 (biodiesel 100%), and light oil were tested for fuel combustion qualities for agricultural hot air heater, and their combustion performances were compared and analyzed. Flame dimensions of biodiesels and light oils were almost the same shape at the same combustion condition. Generally, the $CO_2$ amounts of BDs were greater than light oil. However, in this study the differences were minor, so there was no significant difference existed between the BDs combustion and light oil. Conclusions: It seemed that quality was good for heating oil for agricultural hot air heater because of showing no barriers for continuous combustion and proper exhaust gas temperature and $CO_2$ amount discharged. But, for fuel fluidity for higher BD content fuel could be a detrimental problem in situations where the outdoor temperature is lowered. As BD content increased, calorific value decreased up to 40,000 J/g for BD100. Calorific value difference between BD20 and light oil was about 1,360 J/g.