• 한국가금학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.205-214
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• 2015

본 연구는 100주령 이상의 산란성계에서 사료 급이량 조절에 따른 생산성, 도체 수율 및 육질을 주령에 따라 평가하고자 실시하였다. 공시 동물은 100주령 Hy-Line Brown 200수를 선별하여 A형 2단 케이지에 대조구 포함 총 5처리구로 구성하여 처리당 4반복, 반복당 10수씩(2수 수용 케이지 10개) 난괴법으로 임의 배치하였다. 시험 기간 동안 물은 자유 섭취하게 하였으며, 일반적인 점등관리(자연일조 + 조명; 16hr)를 실시하였다. 시험구는 대조구(일일 사료 섭취량 100%), 90%, 60%, 50%, 20% 총 5처리였다. 산란율은 사양 시험 기간 동안 일일 사료 섭취량이 감소함에 따라 산란율 및 사료 요구량은 유의적으로(P<0.05) 감소하였다. 도체 수율 역시 사양시험 기간 동안 일일 사료 섭취량이 감소함에 따라 도체 수율 및 부분육(가슴, 다리, 날개) 비율이 유의적으로(P<0.05) 감소하였다. Leukocyte 함량은 일일 사료 섭취량이 50%, 20%일 때 WBC, HE, LY, MO 및 EO 함량의 비율이 유의적으로(P<0.05) 높았다. 가슴육 내 일반 성분항목, 보수력, 가열감량 및 지방산 함량에 있어서는 사양시험 기간과 일일 사료 섭취량에 따른 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 본 실험 결과 일일 사료 섭취량이 감소할수록 생산성과 도체율이 감소하였으나, 일일사료 섭취량을 60% 수준까지 낮춰도 무방하다고 생각되며, 계육 품질에 미치는 영향은 나타나지 않았다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.39-53
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• 1987

본시험은 산란계사료의 에너지 및 단백질수준이 산란성적, 생존율, 란질, 영양소이용율 및 복강지방 축적율 등에 미치는 효과를 구명하기 위하여 대사에너지 3수준(2,500, 2,700, 2,900 kcal/kg)과 단백질 3수준(13, 15, 17%)을 조합한 9개처리에 720수씩 2회에 걸쳐 1,440수를 공시하였으며, 1차시험은 1982년 5월 5일부터 1983년 5월 3일까지, 2차시험은 1983년 12월 28일부터 1984년 12월 26일까지 각각 52주간에 걸쳐 시험을 실시하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 산란율은 대사에너지수준이 증가할수록 점차 감소하였고 단백질 수준이 증가할수록 점차 증가하였지만 (P〈0.05), 단백질 15%와 17%수준간에는 큰 차이가 없었다. 2. 란중은 에너지 수준에 따라서 차이가 없었으나 단백질수준이 증가할수록 증가하였지만 15%와 17%수준간에는 차이가 없었다. 3. 사료섭취량은 에너지 수준이 증가할수록 점차 감소하였다. 4. 사료요구율은 에너지 수준간에는 큰 차이가 없었지만 단백질 수준이 증가할수록 점차 개선되었다. 5. 산란 kg당 사료비는 에너지수준이 증가할수록 점차 증가하였으며 단백질수준간에는 차이가 없었다. 6. 증체량은 대시에너지 2,500kcal/kg 수준에 비하여 2,700 및 2,900kcal/kg 수준에서 증가하였고, 단백질 13%수준에 비하여 15 및 17%수준에서 증가하였다. 7. 생존율은 에너지수준이나 단백질수준에 따라 차이가 없었다. 8. 란각질은 에너지수준이 증가함에 따라 점차 떨어지는 경향이었으나 단백질수준간에는 차이가 없었다. 9. 란황차색도는 에너지수준에 따라서는 차이가 없었지만 단백질수준이 증가함에 따라 점차 증가하는 경향이었다. 10. 단백질을 제외한 모든 영양소의 이용율은 에너지 수준이 증가함에 따라 증가하였지만, 단백질수준에 따라서는 건물의 이용율만 감소하는 경향이었고 다른 영양소의 이용율은 차이가 없었다. 11. 복강지방축적율은 에너지수준이 증가할수록 점차 증가하는 경향이었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 우리나라의 사료적 여건이나 환경적 여건하에서 산란계사료의 대사에너지 수준은 2,500kcal/kg, 단백질수준은 15%가 적합할 것으로 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.901-903
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• 1999

Twenty-four multiparous crossbred Friesian dairy cows (60-90 days in lactation) were randomly assigned into a $2{\times}2$ factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design. Factors were two levels of concentrate supplementation (1:2, high vs 1:1.2, very high; concentrate:milk yield) and two levels of high-quality feed block (HQFB) supplementation (non vs ad libitum block licking). Ruzi grass (Brachiaria ruziziensis) was fed as a roughage throughout the 70 day feeding trial. High level of concentrate fed group resulted in higher roughage and HQFB intakes, compared with very high concentrate supplemented group. HQFB supplementation tended to increase roughage intake and significantly improved milk yield (2 kg/hd/d in high concentrate supplementation) and quality (% fat) which resulted in higher economical return. HQFB was recommended to be used as a strategic supplement in lactating dairy cows especially when fed on low-quality roughages or crop residues.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.27-31
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• 1990

백색 Cob종 이용계를 부화 후 1주간 예비사육 후 사료중에 옥수수를 $NaHCO_3$ (중상, 중탄산나트륨)로 1.5, 2.0, 2.5% 대체 첨가한 4처리 3반복으로 하여 반복당 10수씩을 완전임의배치하고 사료와 물은 자유채식케 하여 시험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. \circled1 증체량은 $NaHCO_3$ 2.5%수준에서 가장 높았으나 첨가양의 증가와 관계없이 처리간에 유의성이 없었다. \circled2 사료섭취량및 사료효율은 각 처리간에 유의성이 없었으나, 대조구는 사료섭취량이 가장 많으면서 사료효율은 가장 낮았으며 1.5% 수준에서 사료섭취량은 가장 적으면서 사료효율은 가장 좋았다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.1260-1265
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• 2004

This research was conducted to compare the effects of vitamin E (VE) when supplemented in either feed or water on the performance and meat quality of broilers. For a six-week feeding trial, a total of 330 broiler chicks were allotted to five treatments. The treatments were 1) 0 ppm VE, 2) 10 ppm VE in feed, 3) 20 ppm VE in feed, 4) 5 ppm VE in water and 5) 10 ppm VE in water. During the starter phase (0-3 weeks) chicks on non-supplemented groups grew slower (p<0.05) than the supplemented ones and the same trend was followed during the finisher (4-6 weeks) and overall period (0-6 weeks). The feed intake was significantly higher in feed supplemented groups as compared with water-supplemented groups and at higher levels as compared with lower levels of supplementation. The nutrient digestibility studies conducted after 15 and 35 days on the feeding trial showed that the digestibility of all nutrients was significantly (p<0.05) higher in supplemented groups than the non-supplemented one. The dressing percentage was higher in supplemented groups, when fed in feed and at higher levels when compared with their respective counterparts. Similar trends were noticed with respect to bone resistance. The calcium and phosphorus contents in tibia were also significantly (p<0.05) higher in supplemented, feed fed groups at higher levels than other groups. The TBARS values measured after 5 and 10 days of storage, which reflect the degree of oxidation, showed significantly lower levels in supplemented diets. The plasma and muscle vitamin E levels also showed a positive linear correlation with the levels supplemented both in feed and water. Overall it can be inferred that supplementation of VE was beneficial and there was not much difference observed when fed either in feed or water at the levels measured in the present study.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.51-56
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• 1999

This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of dietary red pepper seed oil meal (RPSOM) on the performance and the fat pad content in broiler chicks. feeding trial was conducted with 360 birds broiler chicks for 8 weeks. The levels of dietary RPSOM were 0, 5, 10 and 15% and mixed in diet consisting of corn and soybean meal. Body weight, feed intake, feed conversion and mixed in diet consisting of corn and soybean meal. Body weight, feed intake, feed conversion and viability were not significantly different among treatments. The percentage of abdominal fat and skin color were not significantly differents among treatments. The results of the feeding trial show that RPSOM can be used within 10% in broiler diet.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.1223-1234
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• 2022

Objective: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of daily feed intake during the laying period on embryonic myogenic differentiation 1 (MYOD1), myogenic factor 5 (MYF5), and myogenic factor 6 (MYF6) gene expression in genetically fat and lean lines of chickens. Methods: An experiment in a 2×2 factorial design was conducted with two dietary intake levels (100% and 75% of nutrition recommendation) and two broiler chicken lines (fat and lean). Two lines of hens (n = 384 for each line) at 23th week of age were randomly divided into 4 treatments with 12 replicates of 16 birds. The experiment started at 27th week of age (5% egg rate) and ended at 54th week of age. Hatched eggs from the medium laying period were collected. Real time polymerase chain reaction analysis was used to analyse the MYOD1, MYF5, and MYF6 mRNA levels of E7, E9, E11, E13, and E15 body tissues and E17, E19, and E21 chest and thigh muscle samples. Results: The results indicated that there were significant effects of line, dietary intake, and interactions between them on MYOD1, MYF5, and MYF6 gene mRNA expression levels in embryonic tissues. Low daily feed intake did not change the expression trend of MYOD1 mRNA in either line, but changed the peak values, especially in lean line. Low daily feed intake altered the trend in MYF5 mRNA expression level in both lines and apparently delayed its onset. There was no apparent effect of low daily feed intake on the trends of MYF6 mRNA expression levels in either line, but it significantly changed the values on many embryonic days. Conclusion: Maternal nutrient restriction affects myogenesis and is manifested in the expression of embryonic MYOD1, MYF5, and MYF6 genes. Long term selection for fat deposition in broiler chickens changes the pattern and intensity of myogenesis.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.275-279
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• 1993

A study using dairy heifers was conducted to determine the effect of environmental temperature on heat production differing in feed intake level. The design consisted of three levels of feed intake (low, medium and high) and two environmental chamber temperature (15 and $30^{\circ}C$) with four replications in each treatment. Rectal temperature (RT), respiration rate (RR), heart rate (HR) and heat production (HP) were then measured. At the both environmental temperature, RT, RR and HR increased with the increase in feed intake level. The RT and RR also increased with the elevation of environmental temperature. The HP of $30^{\circ}C$ was significantly higher (4.8-8.9%) than $15^{\circ}C$. The estimated metabolizable energy requirement for maintenance (MEm) was higher (p<0.05) at $30^{\circ}C$ ($554.7kJ/kg^{0.75}$ d) than $15^{\circ}C$ (464.9 kJ/kgd). It was suggested that the decreasing in productive efficiency under hot environmental conditions partly associated with the increase in HP, which associated with the change in heat loss mechanism from sensible path to evaporative path.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.127-132
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• 1996

Effects on feed intake, liveweight gain and economic benefits of supplementing lambs with urea molasses blocks, were studied. Forty eight crossbred lambs were divided into 6 groups and assigned randomly to grazing on native pasture (CONT) or along with supplements of Commercial ration (COM) and urea molasses blocks (UMBs) containing two levels of cement and calcium oxide as a binding agent. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant (p<0.01) differences in dry matter (DMI, g/day), crude protein (CPI, g/day) and metabolizable energy (MEI, MJ/day) intakes. Differences in liveweight gain (LWG, g/day), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and net economic benefit of supplementation were also highly variable. The intake of DM, CP and ME varied from 974 to 1002, 66-70 and 7.6-8.4 in lambs supplemented with UMBs, significantly (p<0.01) greater than 848, 52.5 and 5.6 in lambs supplemented with COM or FCR and net economic benefits (54.3; 57.8; 17.1 and 1.96; 2.4) in lambs supplemented with COM and UMB-2, were CONT or supplemented with UMB-1, UMB-3 and UMB-4 respectively. Factors responsible for differences in feed intake, liveweight gain and economic benefits, are discussed.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.192-197
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• 1976

IKUTON 발효(醱酵) 고구마 전분박(澱粉粕)의 농후사료대축수준(濃厚飼料代蓄水準) 調査하기 위하여 Large Yorkshire, Landrace, Duroc Jersey 삼품종(三品種) 교잡종(交雜種) 25두(頭)를 공시(供試)하여 농후사료(濃厚飼料)를 급여(給與)한 대조구(對照區)와 IKUTON 발효(醱酵) 고구마 전분박(澱粉粕) 10%, 20%, 30% 및 40%를 대치한 5개처리구(個處理區)를 완전임의배치(完全任意配置)하여 시험(試驗)한 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 사료섭취량(飼料攝取量)은 40% 구(區)를 제외(除外)한 기타(其他)의 각처리구(各處理區)에서는 대조구(對照區)에 비(比)하여 유의적(有意的) (P<0.05)인 차이(差異)를 인정(認定)할 수 없었으며 40% 이상(以上)의 대체수준(代替水準)에서 사료섭취량(飼料攝取量)이 감소(減少)되고 있었다. 사료효율(飼料效率)은 20% 구(區); 3.43, 30% 구(區); 3.80, 10% 구(區) 3.97, 40% 구(區); 4.20, 0% 구(區0; 4.53의 순(順)으로 대조구(對照區)에 비(比)하여 높은 사료효율(飼料效率)을 나타내고 있었다. 증체량과 80kg 도달주수(到達週數)는 10% 구(區); 12주(週), 0%구(區); 13주(週), 20% 및 30%구(區)가 14주(週)였고 40%구(區)는 15주(週)까지도 80kg에 도달(到達)치 못하고 있었으며 대조구(對照區)에 비(比)하여 64%의 증체밖에 되지 않었다. 시험사료(試驗飼料)의 소화율(消化率)은 75.2~87.5%였으며 급수율(給水率)은 사료섭취(飼料攝取) 1kg당(當) $1.95-2.01{\ell}$로 되고 있어 사료급여회수(飼料給與回數)는 소화율(消化率)과 급수율(給水率)에 아무런 영향을 주지 않었다.