• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.283.2-283.2
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• 2002

Organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been used intensively in agriculture and industry for a long time. They belong to a group of contaminants whose occurrence in the environment is a serious concern to environmental chemists and toxicologists due to their resistance to degradation in the environment as well as their potential toxicity. Also. the lipophilic characteristics of these substances are responsible for their ability to bioaccumulate in tissues and organs rich in lipids of men and animals through food chain. Therefore, the measure of the levels of organochlorine pesticides and PCBs in human tissues are good markers in detemining the extent to exposure and evaluating the hazards. This study was preformed to compare concentrations of organochlorine pesticides(${\alpha}-BHC, {\beta}-BHC, {\gamma}-BHC, {\delta}-BHC$, p.p'-DDT,p.p'-DDD,p.p.'-DDE. endrin. dieldrin. aldrin) and seven marker PCBs(PCB nos. 28. 52. 101. 118. 138. 153. 180) in liver. kidney cortex, lung blood and adipose tissue collected at autopsies of 10men and 10 women using gas chromatography equipped with electron capture detector to express the data on a lipid adjusted basis. From the results, the significant differences in the levels of organochlorines of PCBs between sexes, districts where they had lived and ages were also investigated.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.56-69
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• 2016

Purpose: The prevalence of problematic internet usage among college students is a cause for concern. There is a lack of study examining influences of cognitive protecting or buffering factors on internet addiction among college students. The purpose of this study was to examine influences of depression, ego-resilience, and active stress coping on internet addiction tendency (IAT) among college students. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive design was used. Data were collected between October and December 2013. A convenience sample of 244 students completed self-report questionnaires consisting of Ego-resiliency Scale, Ways of Coping Checklist, Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression, and Self-report Scale for Internet Use. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed for data analysis. Results: We found that higher levels of depression were associated with higher levels of IAT. However, an inverse association was found between active stress coping and IAT. Students who mainly used the internet for chatting showed lower levels of IAT than those who used the internet for games or blogs. These factors explained 15.1% of the variance in IAT of college students. Conclusion: The study results suggest that stress coping strategies and depression are important factors for evaluation when developing intervention programs targeting college students with problematic internet use.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.323-339
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• 2010

This study examines how family and school social capital moderate the relation between family income and academic achievement. I use the data from the Korean Educational and Employment Panel(KEEP) on the third year middle school students in 2004. Results show that higher levels of family and school social capital, as well as financial capital such as family income are more positively associated with academic achievement. In addition, family and school social capital are served as moderators of the influences of family income on academic achievement. For example, higher parental concern about children and teacher-student bonding provides an extra boost to the positive relationship between family income and student achievement. Furthermore, lower educational expectations can make the relation between income and achievement negative. These findings underscore the importance of social capital at home and at school as the alternatives to promote academic achievement. In particular, greater concern and support encouraging social capital at home and school should be directed at low-income students who are struggling with academic achievement.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.65-73
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• 2014

Purpose: The aim of this study is to clarify the level of health literacy, health risk perception and health behavior of Korean elders and to determine the impact of their health literacy and health risk perception on their health behavior. Methods: A descriptive correlation study was conducted with 188 elders aged 65 or older in senior welfare centers in Busan. Questionnaires were used to measure levels of health literacy, health risk perception, and health behavior. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis test, Pearson's correlation, and hierarchical regression were performed. Results: 43.6% of the subjects had low levels of health literacy. There was a negative relation between health literacy and health risk perception, and between health risk perception and health behavior. There was a positive relation between health literacy and health behavior. Health concern, health literacy affected health behavior. Health literacy independently accounted for 24% of health behavior. Health risk perception didn't affect health behavior. Conclusion: Many of the Korean elders had low levels of health literacy and health literacy was independently associated with health behavior. These findings show that interventions for improving health literacy are necessary to enhance health behavior of the elderly.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.284-293
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to identify men's beauty service markets based on socio-cultural appearance attitude and to compare their satisfaction and intention to revisit beauty service. The study was done by survey method. Data of three hundred men aged from 20's to 40's were collected by on-line survey. Descriptive analyses, factor analyses, cluster analyses, Duncan tests, multiple regressions, and path analyses were applied. The results are as follows: First, five factors were found for men's socio-cultural attitude for their appearance. They were high involvement in appearance, social appearance, appearance satisfaction, appearance comparison and low involvement in appearance. Second, cluster analysis based on socio-cultural attitude produced three customer groups such as high involvement, social concern & satisfaction, and low involvement. Third, customer groups showed significant differences in some demographics and some items of service dimensions, which resulted in significant differences in satisfaction, and intention to revisit beauty shop services. A high involvement group was composed of young and unmarried men with more frequent visit to beauty shop service. In general, both the high involvement and the social concern & satisfaction groups showed higher evaluations than the low concern group in some of service items, level of satisfaction, and intention to revisit. In conclusion, attitude on their appearance could be useful factors in segmenting men's beauty service market. Levels and types of beauty shop service should be differentiated among consumer markets.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.201-219
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• 2017

With the rapid growth in construction sector, it becomes all the more important to assess the amount of Construction and Demolition (C&D) waste being generated and analyze the practices needed to handle and use this waste before final disposal. This serves waste management and disposal issues, paving way to waste utilization in construction industry from the sustainability point of view. C&D waste constitutes a major bulk of total solid waste produced in the world. In this work, an attempt is made to study the performance of concrete using water soaked Recycled Coarse Aggregates (RCA) in replacement levels of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% to Natural Coarse Aggregates (NCA). Experiments were designed and conducted to study the performance of RCA based concrete. Further suitable performance enhancement techniques to RCA based concrete were attempted, to achieve compressive strength at least equal to or more than that for no RCA based concrete (control concrete). Performance enhancement study is reported here for 50% and 100% RCA based concretes. All four techniques attempted have given favorable results encouraging use of RCA based concretes with full replacement levels, to adopt RCA based concrete in structural applications, without any kind of concern to the stake holder. Further attempts have also been made to use Recycled Fine Aggregates (RFA) with appropriate modifications to serve as fine aggregates in mortar and concrete. Using RFA blended with river sand fractions as well as RFA with Iron Ore Tailings (IOT) fractions, have given good results to serve as fine aggregates to the extent of 100% replacement levels in mortars and concretes.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1994.02a
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• pp.405-411
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• 1994

Hazardous wastes released into the general environment are of concern to the public and to public health authorities. In response to this concern, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, as amended (commonly called Superfund), was enacted in 1980 to provide a framework for environmental, public health, and legal actions concerning uncontrolled releases of hazardous substances. The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) was created by Superfund to address the public health issues of hazardous wastes in the community environment. Two key Agency programs, Public Health Assessments and Toxicological Profiles, are designed to assess the risk to human health of exposures to hazardous substances that migrate from waste sites or through emergency releases (e.g., chemical spills). The Agency's public health assessment is a structured process that permits ATSDR to identify which waste sites or other point sources require traditional public health actions (e.g.. human exposure studies, health studies, registries, health surveillance, health advisories). The ATSDR qualitative public health assessment complements the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's quantitative risk assessment. For Superfund purposes, both assessments are sitespecific. ATSDR's toxicological profiles are prepared for priority hazardous substances found most frequently at Superfund sites. Each profile presents the current toxicologic and human health effects information about the substance being profiled. Each profile also contains Minimal Risk Levels (MRLs), a type of risk assessment value. This paper covers ATSDR's experience in conducting public health assessments and developing MRLs, and it relates this experience to recommendations on how to improve chemical risk assessments.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-24
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• 2004

Since dioxins became a serious concern in Korea, a significant number of investigations have been conducted to address diverse issues related to dioxins. However, the results have not been organized for ready access and use. The principal purposes of the work were to ⅰ) provide an archive of dioxin researches in Korea and ⅱ) give an overview of dioxin contamination. The focus of this work was placed on the contamination levels and characteristics concerning the waste incinerators emissions, environmental media, and biological samples(fishes/shellfishes, foods, and human body). Principal component analysis was conducted to identify common and/or unique features and the important variables associated with the congener patterns. From a comprehensive search of academic journals, research and monitoring project reports, dissertations, and periodicals of other forms, a total of 115 counts were found that met the purposes of this study. The contamination levels of various samples were summarized and compared to those reported in foreign literatures. The congener patterns varied largely with environmental media and distinguished particularly by OCDD, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF, and OCDF for the samples within the same media. The proximity to emission sources differentiated the congener patterns in air and soil samples by the fraction of OCDD.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.208-213
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• 2023

Objectives: Orthognathic surgery is a corrective intervention for maxillofacial deformities. Bleeding is a major concern for oral and maxillofacial surgeons. Various agents, such as hemocoagulase, tranexamic acid, and aprotinin have been developed to reduce intraoperative bleeding and transfusion requirements. Therefore, in this study we aimed to investigate the effects of hemocoagulase and tranexamic acid, as well as their simultaneous use, to reduce bleeding during orthognathic surgery. Patients and Methods: This retrospective study included patients who had undergone simultaneous orthognathic surgery of the maxilla and mandible between January 2013 and September 2022 and were classified into three groups based on drugs administered: hemocoagulase (Botropase), tranexamic acid, and a combination of both drugs. We recorded patient age, sex, weight, blood loss, and duration of surgery. Red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelet levels were measured before, immediately after, and one day after surgery. Results: No statistically significant differences were found in blood loss, RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, or platelet levels between any of the groups. There were no differences in the drug effects between Le Fort I and bilateral mandibular sagittal split osteotomies, with or without double genioplasty. However, there were significant reductions in RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelet levels during genioplasty. Conclusion: Tranexamic acid, hemocoagulase, and their combination had similar efficacy in patients who underwent Le Fort I and bilateral mandibular sagittal split osteotomies with and without genioplasty.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.32 no.11
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• pp.857-860
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• 2023

We investigated the fecal properties and hemoglobin levels in dogs fed with general canine diets and 7 black soldier fly-based companion canine diets. A total of 16 dogs, including 8 poodles (average weight 2.7±0.5 kg) and 8 bichon frises (average weight 2.0±0.5 kg) were used in this study. The changes in fecal properties of all treatments at 0 weeks and 2 weeks showed no significant differences (p>0.05). However, at 4 weeks, compared to the control group, all black soldier fly-based companion canine diets have an effect on fecal properties (p<0.05). Hemoglobin levels in all treatments were within the normal range. Therefore, feeding black soldier fly-based diets to canines affected the fecal properties and the hemoglobin level was not of clinical concern since it was within the desired reference intervals for healthy canines, indicating that the effect of iron supplementation and anemia prevention was not observed.