• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.177-190
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study is to validate learning progressions for Earth's motion and solar system from two different perspectives of validity. One is construct validity, that is whether a hypothetical pathway derived from our study of LPs is supported by empirical evidence of children's substantive development. The other is consequential validity, which refers to the impact of LP-based adaptive instruction on children's improved learning outcomes. For this purpose, 373 fifth-grade students and 17 teachers from six elementary schools in Seoul, Kangwon province, and Gwangju participated. We designed LP-based adaptive instruction modules delving into the unit of 'Solar system and stars.' We also employed 13 ordered multiple-choice items and analyzed the transitions of children's achievement levels based on the results of pre-test and post-test. For testing construct validity, 64 % of children in the experimental group showed improvement according to the hypothetical pathways. Rasch analysis also supports this results. For testing consequential validity, the analysis of covariance between experimental and control groups revealed that the improvement of experimental group is significantly higher than the control group (F=30.819, p=0.000), and positive transitions of children's achievement level in the experimental group are more dominant than in the control group. In addition, the findings of applying Rasch model reveal that the improvement of students' ability in the experimental group is significantly higher than that of the control group (F=11.632, p=0.001).

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.43-58
• /
• 2015

The greenhouse gas emission caused by rapid economic growth and population is increasing in Korea. Also, climate change from greenhouse gases emission is accelerated. IPCC(Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) report projects an increase of greenhouse gas emissions by 90% from the year 2000 to 2030(SRES, 2000). Within this context, establishing countermeasures on climate adaptation and mitigation is becoming increasingly important to reduce the negative effect of climate change at a global level. Along with global efforts to tackle climate change, Korean government has incorporated 'Low Carbon Green Growth'strategies into its national policy agenda. Local governments have also conducted a number of studies to devise plans for environmentally friendly and sustainable city development. In this paper, the land-use equilibrium model, which reflects economic and geographical characteristics, is used to analyze the change in residential land use and population density. The target area for study is Jeju island in Korea. With an application of land use equilibrium model, it derived three types of scenarios of the land use change: (1) dispersion scenario-reflecting present-day conditions (2) adaptation scenario-applying adaptation measures to climate change and (3) combined scenario-integrating both adaptation and mitigation measures in model to climate change. By applying dispersion to combined scenario, the general trend shows a downward shift in population density. Subsequently, energy consumption and expected cost associated with casualties were calculated on the basis of the findings of respective scenario. The results show a descending trend in energy consumption and expected casualtie. Therefore, understanding for residential land use and population density of each scenario that analyzed land use equilibrium model in the study is expected to devise a environmental city plan for climate change stabilization and climate adaptation and mitigation.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.311-317
• /
• 2009

The study conducted research investigating their about knowledge and attitude of toward elderly aimed at 251 students in the Department of Dental Hygiene located in some areas of Gyeongbuk and Gyeongnam. The total average score concerning knowledge about the elderly was found to be 11.78 out of a full score of 25 points, and the level of physical and physiological knowledge was the highest. As regards the total average of the attitude toward the elderly, it posted at 98.58 points out of a full score of 150 points and the attitude regarding the aspect of welfare was the most positive. About toward elderly correlation of knowledge and attitude between higher knowledge score more positive was attitude about toward elderly. From the above results, it would be necessary to reinforce not only the physical and physiological aspect of the elderly but also the education in the family and social areas during the development of educational contents for the Department of Dental Hygiene in relation to the elderly. Furthermore, it is deemed imperative to improve the relationship between the younger generations and the elder generation by having students practice in institutions related to the elderly, such as institutions for senior nursing and senior welfare centers and to develop a generational community program that will provoke positive interactions between them.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.314-324
• /
• 1997

This study was conducted to investigate whether 1) photosynthetic pigments(chlorophylls and carotenoids) are formed in dodder plant(Cuscuta australis), 2) there are any characteristics in the pigment biosynthesis, compared to that of other normal plants, and 3) dodder responds to some herbicides having target site on chloroplast. 1. Chlorophyll content of dodder tendrill grown under a natural daylight was 9 times and 50 times lower than that of field bindweed stem and leaf, respectively. 2. The photosynthetic pigment contents varied in different tissues, being higher in a apical region than in a lower region of seedling or tendrill. Chlorophyll wasn't almost observed below the 4th internode from the upper. 3. Pigment contents were greatly dependent on light intensity so that there were 4 to 6 times difference among light conditions. When the shoot containning low pigment contents under natural light, was incubated in growth chamber with various light intensities, the pigment contents were increased by 3 times of initial contents at about 97${\mu}E$ $m^{-2}s^{-1}$PAR. While the change in pigment contents was not observed at above 450${\mu}E$ $m^{-2}s^{-1}$PAR 4. Exogenous supply of 5mM 5-aminolevulinic acid increased protochlorophyllide by 7 times and 1.4 times in the etiolated shoot from field bindweed rhizome and in dodder stem, respectively, showing that dodder relatively has a low response to 5-aminolevulinic acid. 5. Pigment loss was observed in the treatment of paraquat, norflurazon, oxyfluorfen and diuron, and protoporphyrin IX was accumulated by oxyfluorfen as in normal plants Based on above results, several chracteristics of pigment biosynthesis in dodder seem to be summerized as follows. Photosynthetic pigment biosynthesis in Cuscuta australis runs even in low level. The pigment contents is differentially distributed in different regions and their contents seem significantly to be controlled by light intensities. Especially, chloroplast rapidly tends to degenerate with the development of tissue. Some herbicides having target site on chloroplast induce damage to dodder stem but are unlikely to control it well in field, except paraquat, due to low chloroplast activity and parasitic mode of nutrition.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.67-77
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study was to develop the entrepreneurial mentoring scale on start-up mentoring situation. In recent years, as the needs for entrepreneurship have grown from domestic to foreign, entrepreneurship education is actively being carried out. The entrepreneurial mentoring is strengthening its weight and contents in entrepreneurship education. However, research on the mentoring function scale designed to reflect the characteristics of entrepreneurial mentoring is rarely performed in Korea. In this study, we conducted a qualitative and quantitative research to achieve the research goal. First, we derive the entrepreneurial mentoring scales through literature review and expert group discussions, and we conducted the empirical analysis to draw conclusions. The results of this study are as follows. In the first step, literature review was conducted. In the second step, four major factors and questionnaires were derived through expert group discussion. In the third step, the doctoral level specialists developed 16 questionnaire items to measure the four factors of entrepreneurial mentoring derived from the second step and verified the content validity and the facial validity in fourth step. As a result of this survey, we conducted questionnaires on founding mentors who belonged to 17 Creation Economic Innovation Centers nationwide (153) and analyzed the problem solving, networking, communication, and motivation formation through exploratory factor analysis. This questionnaire was used to survey the entrepreneurial mentors who belonged to the 17 Center for Creative Economy and Innovation under the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning of South Korea(153). In fifth step, as the results of factor analysis such as EFA and CFA, we could confirm four factors including problem solving, networking, communication, and motivation. The significance of this study is as follows. First, academic significance was the first study of the entrepreneurial mentoring function scale reflecting the characteristics of entrepreneur mentoring as a qualitative and quantitative approach in Korea. Second, it is hoped that practitioners will be able to better measure the mentoring function of entrepreneurial mentors and contribute to improving the quality of future entrepreneurial mentoring programs.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.48 no.7
• /
• pp.745-752
• /
• 2005

Purpose : Adolescent obesity is known to be associated with complications such as hypertension, coronary artery disease and insulin resistance. We measured the common carotid artery by ultrasound as a predictor of atherosclerosis, and investigated the relationship between carotid artery parameters and serum cytokines in obese adolescents. Methods : Twenty-nine obese adolescents(16-17 years old, obesity index>130 percent) and twentyseven normal controls were included. Obesity index and body mass index were calculated from their height and weight. Skin fold thickness was measured at the triceps, and fat mass and fat distribution by bioelectrical impedence analysis. Blood pressure was measured at resting state and serum lipid, insulin, and homocysteine levels after a 12-hour fasting period. Intimal wall thickness, systolic and diastolic diameters of the common carotid artery were measured by ultrasound, and compliance and distensibility calculated by equation. Results : Systolic and diastolic diameters of the carotid artery significantly correlated with arm circumference, body mass index, fat distribution and fat mass. The higher systolic blood pressure was, the larger systolic and diastolic diameter. The higher diastolic blood pressure was, the larger carotid intimal thickness. Insulin levels had positive correlations with systolic, diastolic diameters and serum homocysteine level with intimal thickness. Conclusion : The carotid artery diameter significantly increased with the degree of obesity and blood pressure. The carotid intimal wall thickness significantly correlated with diastolic blood pressure. Measurement of carotid artery thickness, insulin and homocysteine levels might be useful to predict the development of coronary artery disease.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
• /
• v.3
• /
• pp.129-150
• /
• 1985

The present investigation was conducted to provide a systematic approach necessary to establish an integrated insect pest management program of barley in Korea. Some ecological surveys on insect pests of barley have been undertaken at the field of Experimental Station, Ky$\check{o}$ngbuk Provincial Office of Rural Development as a fixed point survey area, and at 23 localities for round survey throughout southern and central Korea from 1983 to 1984. Previously known insects injurious to barley in Korea were revised and the population dynamics of 10 dominant harmful species were analyzed according to either 24 localities or 25 cultivars respectively by using several sampling methods of net sweeping, black light traps, yellow water pan traps and visual counting. As the results, a total of 94 species belonging to 77 genera under 32 families are known to be injurious to barley, among them 20 species are newly added here. In the population density level, the dominant species were disclosed as Laodelphax striatellus (43.1 %), Macrosiphum avenae(27.0 %), Rhopalosiphum padi(6.5 %), R. maidis(5.4 %), Psammolettix strialus(2.7 %), Chlorops oryzae(2.2 %), Agromyza albipennis(2.1 %) Phyllotreta nemorum(1.4 %), Chaetoenema cylindrica(1.0 %), Dolycoris baccarum(1.0 %) in order. For the general abundance of major insect pests, it was highest in the cultivar P'aldal whereas lowest in Milyang #22. There were tendencies that Psammotettix striatus, Dolycoris baccarum, Phyllotreta nemorum and Chaetocnema cylindrica represented a maximum increase in the beginning of June, while Chlorops oryzae and Agromyza albipennis showed in the middle of May but aphids were in the end of May. In the dominance of natural enemies, Nabis stenoferus occupied 21.4 % and Propylaea japonica 9.6 %.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
• /
• v.25 no.6
• /
• pp.1408-1418
• /
• 2013

To investigate the quality properties of functional anchovy fish sauce added with raw sea tangle, 2%, 5%, and 10% (w/w) of sea tangle was added to 25% (w/w) salted anchovy and then fermented at $20^{\circ}C$. During fermentation period, the amino nitrogen contents were increased at all groups and the highest contents were at 450 days of fermentation with $11.99{\pm}0.08$, $12.51{\pm}0.08$, and $11.95{\pm}0.08mg/mL$ at 2%, 5%, and 10% addition of raw sea tangle, respectively. After later, the contents were keeping at a similar level. VBN contents were continuously increased until 270 days of fermentation with $208.10{\pm}3.50$, $210.00{\pm}4.10$, $215.15{\pm}1.50mg/100ml$ at 2%, 5%, 10% addition of raw sea tangle, respectively. Alginic acid recovery was gradually increased in fermentation duration, showed the highest concentration at 540 days of fermentation with 67.00, 67.25, 67.90% at 2%, 5% and 10% addition of raw sea tangle, respectively. Dietary fiber recovery was rapidly increased at the beginning of fermentation and then decreased slowly as the fermentation is progressed. The highest recovery was at 30 days with 18.7, 18.6, and 17.9%, and the lowest was at 360 days with 8.7 and 11.1% at 2 and 10% addition of raw sea tangle, respectively, and 450 days with 11.4% at 5% sea tangle. The lowest fucoidan contents were exhibited at 30 days of fermentation with 0.07% at both of 2% and 5% addition, and 90 days with 0.10% at 10% addtion of sea tangle. The highest fucoidan contents were 270 days showing 0.24, 0.25, and 0.23% at 2, 5, and 10% addition, respectively. All groups adding different sea tangle concentration were not significantly different at all properties. However, the newly developed products were sufficient to the standard guideline of Korea Food Drug Adminstration. The best processing process of functional anchovy fish sauce in addition with raw sea tangle is 2% addition of raw sea tangle and fermented more than 450 days. The results obtained in this study indicated that the fish sauce added with sea tangle is superior in taste, functions to traditional fish sauce and could be competitive fishery fermented food.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.87-94
• /
• 2008

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an infectious and highly contagious virus of swine. In order to develop the transgenic tobacco culture cells producing PEDV antigen protein, four vectors expressing PEDV spike protein (SP) gene under the control of a CaMV 35S promoter were constructed. Four fragments of the SP region of PEDV, SP1 (444 bp, 1487-1930 bp), SP2 (1.7 kb, 2300-3987 bp), SP3 (1.4 kb, 1559-2950 bp), and SP4 (2.6 kb, 9-2643 bp) were amplified by PCR and then C-MYC tag was fused to the end of each SP gene, respectively. These cassettes are inserted into the pCAMBIA2300 (named as 35S::SP1-M, 35S::SP2-M 35S::SP3-M, and 35S::SP4-M, respectively). Tobacco (cv. BY-2) cultured cells were transformed by co-cultivation with Agrobacterium tumefaciens harboring expression vector. We selected kanamycin-resistant calli and checked for the presence of the introduced SP gene using PCR, resulting 70% of them showed the foreign gene. We selected the lines with high-level expression of PEDV antigen protein based on dot blot analysis. Southern blot analysis confirmed that the PEDV SP gene was integrated into the genome of the tobacco cultured cells. Northern blot analysis showed that the introduced gene was highly expressed in transgenic cultured cells. Transgenic tobacco cultured cells-derived antigen induced immunogenicity in mice as determined by a plaque reduction neutralization assay. These results suggest that the vectors expressing PEDV spike protein gene in this study will be useful for the development of transgenic plants and cultured cells producing PEDV antigene protein.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.69-78
• /
• 2020

Objective : The purpose of this study was to conduct a comprehensive survey of children's play in parents of disabled and non-disabled children prior to commencing school. This study aimed to further understanding play recognition and to present a specific direction of play necessary to each parent. Methods : A questionnaire based on prior studies was sent to 700 people who had previously agreed to the take part. A total of 596 questionnaires were analyzed. Uncollected and insincere surveys, of which 106 were questionnaires for parents of disabled children, were exclused from analysis. The SPSS Window 23 program was used for data analysis and frequency analysis and the independent sample T test were performed. Results : Disabled children's parents perceived playing with their children as more important than that of non-disabled children's parents(p<0.01). There was no statistical difference between disabled children and non-disabled children's parents, but there were some differences(p=0,053). Both disabled and non-disabled children had more time to participate with their mothers than with their fathers. Mothers with disabilities had more time to play however, fathers with no disabilities had more time. Both disabled and non-disabled children's parents had the most "ordinary" frequency of buying toys and there was very littele difference between the 2 groups. Both disabled and non-disabled children's parents primarily used the internet to acquire play information, and consideration when buying fun was followed by interest inducement, development level and safety. Conclusion : Through this study, it was possible to compare the status of play recognition and participation by parents of children with or without disabilities. Based on this study, parents will be able to find out what they really need to play and will be provided as a basis for future play studies for children.