• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.776-781
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• 2010

본 실험은 토양의 염류도 평가를 위한 전기전도도 측정시 기준으로 적용되는 포화 전기전도도가 이상적인 측정방법인 포장용수량의 전기전도도를 대표할 수 있는지 평가하기 위하여 수행되었다. 염류집적 시설재배지 22점과 간척지 토양 18점을 채취하여 포화반죽과 포장용수량의 토양용액을 추출하고, 주요 구성 양이온, 음이온과 전기전도도를 비교하였다. 시설재배지 토양의 양이온, 음이온과 간척지 토양에서 ${NO_3}^-$와 ${PO_4}^{3-}$를 제외한 나머지 양이온, 음이온 모두 높은 상관을 나타내었고, 포장용수량과 포화 전기전도도 또한 높은 상관관계를 보였다. 포화 전기전도도와 불포화 조건인 포장용수량 전기전도도를 비교하였을 때 시설재배지 토양에서는 기울기가 0.923, 간척지 토양에서는 1.009로 거의 차이가 없었으며, 통계 결과 유의성이 인정되지 않아 포화반죽으로 전기전도도를 평가하는 것이 합리적인 것으로 판단되었다. 시설재배지와 간척지 토양을 sand, silt, clay 각각을 기준으로 비교한 결과 sand 함량과 포장용수량, 포화 전기전도도 비율이 비례하는 것으로 나타났다. 시설재배지 토양에서 sand 50% 이하에서는 0.811, Sand 50% 이상에서는 1.179, 간척지 토양은 sand 50% 이하에서 0.848, Sand 50% 이상에서 1.087배 차이나는 것으로 나타났으며, sand 함량이 많을수록 포장용수량과 포화 수분퍼센트의 차이가 크게 나타나 토성에 의한 수분 보유력이 관련된 것으로 판단되었다.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.691-699
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• 2021

지난 한 세기 동안, 지구 표면 온도는 급격히 상승했다. 급격한 기온 상승은 심각한 지구 기후 변화를 초래한다. 2014년 IPCC 5차 평가보고서에 따르면 현재 추세대로 기온이 계속 상승하면 해수면 상승 현상처럼 자연 및 인간 체계에 위험이 가해지는 것으로 조사되었다. 해안 침식의 위험이 있는 모든 해안 지역들 중에서 기니만에 위치한 베냉은 매우 높은 취약 지역으로 나타났다. 이 보고서에서는 선행 연구들을 참고하여 코토누의 해안선 변화의 진행과정에 초점을 맞추어 이와 같은 변화의 영향을 조사하고, 연안 침식 방지 조치들의 적용 결과를 요약하였다. 베냉의 코토누에 있는 해안 침식의 징후는 1963년에 나타나기 시작했다. 코토누 동쪽의 해안선은 39년간 약 885 m 후퇴했고, 토지 손실과 함께 800여 채의 가옥이 없어졌다. 이 문제를 해결하기 위해 베냉 당국은 2013년에 7개의 돌제를 건설했고, 이후 추가 설치를 진행하였다. 설치 지역의 해안선은 해변 보호가 되고 있었다. 반면 돌제가 설치되지 않은 돌제 동쪽 지역은 연간 49 m의 집중 침식을 겪고 있다. 따라서 다음 단계로 돌제의 효과는 국지적 관점뿐만 아니라 더 넓은 관점에서 연구되어야 한다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.73-85
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• 2021

The construction industry is considered to be a fatal accident industry, accounting for 28.5% of the total industrial accidents in 2017, as the number of industrial accidents in the construction industry has steadily increased over the past decade. So it is necessary to consider introducing Resilience Engineering, which is actively applied to risky industries around the world, to drastically reduce construction accidents. Although Resilience Engineering, which has emerged as the next-generation safety management centered on Hollnagel since the 2000s, claims the importance of strengthening Resilience abilities considering organizational structure and culture, most studies focus only on developing evaluation indicators. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of an organization's safety culture on its Resilience abilities in the construction industry. Specifically, it conducted empirical analysis on the impact of safety culture consisting of 'communication, leadership and safety systems' on the Resilience abilities(responding ability, monitoring ability, learning ability, anticipating ability), and the mediation relationship between leadership, communication, and safety system. The survey was conducted on construction workers, and an empirical analysis was conducted on the final 154 responses using SPSS 25 and Smart PLS 3. The results showed that the safety system had a significant impact on all Resilience Abilities, and communication had a significant impact on the remaining three except for anticipating ability among Resilience Abilities. On the other hand, leadership has been shown to have a significant impact on anticipating ability only. In the verifying of the mediation relationship between leadership, communication and safety systems, it was found that leadership affects all Resilience abilities by means of safety systems, but communication can only affect responding ability. This study has practical significance in that it suggests the need for policy-level efforts to introduce and apply Resilience Engineering and then expanded the effective safety management assessment of the construction industry in the future. Moreover, the academic implications are important in that the study attempted to expand the academic scope for a paradigm shift in the future as the safety culture has identified its impact on the Resilience abilities.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제54권9호
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• pp.667-680
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• 2021

이 연구의 목적은 서리 발생일과 무상일 기간의 특성을 분석하고 로지스틱 회귀, 랜덤 포레스트, Long-short Term Memory (LSTM) 기법을 활용하여 서리발생 예측모델을 개발하고 평가하는데 있다. 수원, 청주, 광주 지점에서 봄철과 가을철 서리발생 예측모델 개발을 위한 기상변수들을 수집하였으며, 수집기간은 1973년부터 2019년까지이다. 프리시전(precision), 리콜(Recall), f-1 스코어와, AUC 및 Reliability Diagram과 같은 그래피컬 평가기법을 이용해 서리발생 예측모델을 평가하였다. 봄철과 가을철 모두 서리발생일이 줄어드는 경향성(유의수준: 0.01)을 보였다. 0.9 이상의 높은 AUC 값에도 불구하고, 신뢰도는 일정한 값을 보여주지는 않았다. 서리발생일 측뿐만 아니라, 초상일과 종상일을 정확히 예측할 수 있도록 모형 개선이 필요해 보이며, 다른 지역의 더 많은 지점에서 동일한 기법을 적용해 보는 연구가 필요해 보인다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.104-116
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• 2021

In order to reduce the social and economic costs due to the increase in dementia patients, which is a representative senile disease in an aging society, it will be important to prevent dementia and to detect and treat early in high-risk groups. This study reported the results of treatment for the elderly with high risk of dementia and depression who received Korean medicine (KM) treatment in 9 KM clinics. Medical charts were surveyed on 116 patients with high risk of dementia and depression who received KM treatment at 9 KM clinics in Gangseo-gu from September 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020. The majority of the patients were female(76.72%), the average age was 71.66±7.18 years old, and the average education level was 8.96±3.91 years. The average treatment period was 61.47±10.30 days, the average number of treatments was 15.38±1.06 times, and both acupuncture and herbal medicine were administered. After receiving KM treatment, cognitive assessment scores such as MMSE-DS and MoCA-K, depression-related GDSSF-K score, dementia knowledge, attitude, and preventive behavior, blood debilitation scale, and GQOL-D score were improved compared to before. There was no specific adverse reaction except that one patient with elevated AST and ALT levels was observed. This study showed improvement in cognitive function, depression, dementia-related scale, and quality of life in high-risk groups for dementia and depression over 60 years old who received KM treatment. More systematic and large-scale planned clinical studies will be needed.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.245-256
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• 2021

Poor logistical infrastructure and agri-food supply chain management leads to significant food waste in logistic system. The concept of the sustainable value added agri-food chains requires defined approach to the analysis of the existing situation, possible improving strategies and also assessment of these changes impact on further development. The purpose of research is to provide scientific substantiation of theoretical and methodological principles and develop practical recommendations for the improvement of the agri-food logistics distribution system. A case study methodology is used in this article. The research framework is based on 4 steps: Value Stream Mapping (VSM), Gap and Process Analysis, Validation and Improvement Areas Definition and Imitation Modelling. This paper presents the appropriateness of LEAN logistics tools using, in particular, Value Stream Mapping (VSM) for minimizing logistic losses and Simulation Modeling of possible logistics distribution system improvement results. The algorithm of VSM analysis of the agri-food supply chain, which involves its optimization by implementing the principles of sustainable development at each stage, is proposed. The methodical approach to the analysis of possible ways for optimizing the operation of the logistics system of the agri-food distribution is developed. It involves the application of Value Stream Mapping, i.e. designing of stream maps of the creation of the added value in the agri-food supply chain for the current and future state based on the minimization of logistic losses. Simulation modeling of the investment project on time optimization in the agri-food supply chain and economic effect of proposed improvements in logistics product distribution system functioning at the level of the investigated agricultural enterprise has been determined. Improvement of logistics planning and coordination of operations in the supply chain and the innovative pre-cooling system proposed to be introduced have a 3-year payback period and almost 75-80% probability. Based on the conducted VSM analysis of losses in the agri-food supply chain, there have been determined the main points, where it is advisable to conduct optimization changes for the achievement of positive results and the significant economic effect from the proposed measures has been confirmed. In further studies, it is recommended to focus on identifying the synergistic effect of the agri-food supply chain optimization on the basis of sustainable development.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.321-334
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• 2021

일반적으로 레이더 강수량 추정에 활용되는 Marshall-Palmer 관계식은 강수현상의 계절적 변동성을 고려하지 않고 선별된 강수사상에 대하여 시공간적으로 고정된 매개변수를 적용하여 레이더 강수량을 추정하므로 실제 강수량과 추정된 레이더 강수량은 정량적인 오차가 발생할 수 있다. 이러한 제약성을 극복하고자 본 연구는 장기간 레이더 반사도 인자를 가용하여 레이더 반사도-강수량 관계식 매개변수를 Bayesian 추론기법으로 보정하고 불확실성을 정량화하여 레이더 강수량의 편의 보정을 수행하였다. Bayesian 추론기법 기반으로 추정된 레이더 반사도-강수량 관계식의 보정 매개변수는 계절성이 규명되었으며 지역적 특성이 존재하였다. Bayesian 추론기법을 통하여 산정된 레이더 강수량은 Marshall-Palmer 관계식의 과소추정 문제를 극복하고 지상 강수특성을 정량적으로 현실성 있게 재현하였다. 본 연구결과는 집중호우 발생 시 능동적인 유역단위 수자원 해석 시스템을 구축하여 국가적 레이더 자원의 가치를 향상할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.32-46
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• 2021

South Korea has been divided into quantities and water quality, and due to a revision of the Government Organization law in June 2018, the controversial water management system was integrated into the Ministry of Environment. The total Maximum Daily Loads System has been called the flower of water quality control, and since 2004, all three major river systems which have been introduced into the Han River system, despite its various difficult environments, and subsequently leading to all of the four major rivers undergoing obligatory implementation since 2013. Currently, the target TMDL (Han River Phase 1 and Other Water Systems Phase 3) for the 2020 stage has been implemented. The domestic TMDL established a basic plan for calculating the load which complies with the unit watershed's target water quality, as well as an implementation plan for annual load management, both which have been institutionalized in order to evaluate load compliance on a repeated annual basis. Local governments ask external organizations to conduct investigations every year in order to assess the transition, which thereby requires tens of millions of won every year. Therefore, an assessment and management model that can be easily operated at the TMDL personnel level is required. In this study, when the Han river Water System TMDL was implemented in earnest, we confirmed the the water quality improvement effect when TMDL was introduced to major inflow tributaries (TancheonA, JungnangA, AnyangA) under the Seoul City's jurisdiction through the use of the total amount control unit basin evaluation technique. By presenting customized management measures, we propose the guidelines that are necessary for determining more effective water environmental policies.

• Asian Spine Journal
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.1010-1016
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• 2018

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Purpose: To report on spinal fusion assessment using computed tomography (CT) after adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery using ultra-low dose recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (RhBMP-2). Overview of Literature: The reported dose of RhBMP-2 needed for successful spinal posterolateral fusion in ASD ranges from 10 to 20 mg per spinal level. This study reports the use of ultra-low dose of RhBMP-2 (0.07 mg per facet) to achieve spinal fusion in multilevel ASD surgery. Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent ASD surgery using ultra-low dose RhBMP-2 were recruited. Routine postoperative CT analysis for spinal fusion was performed by two spine surgeons. Inter-observer agreement was calculated for facet fusion (FF) and interbody fusion (IBF) at 6 and 12 months after the procedure. Results: Six consecutive ASD patients with a mean age of 62 years (28-72 years) were examined. Each patient received a total dose of 12 mg with an average dose of $0.69{\pm}0.2mg$ (0.42-1 mg) per single FF and $1.38{\pm}0.44mg$ (0.85-2 mg) for IBF. Total 131 FF and 15 IBF were examined in the study, with 88 FFs and nine IBFs being analyzed specifically at 6 months after the surgery. FF and IBF reported by surgeons A and B at 6 months were 97.7% vs. 91.9% FF, respectively (${\kappa}=0.95$) and 100% vs. 100% IBF, respectively (${\kappa}=1$). Two patients underwent longitudinal follow-up CT at 12 months, and the FF rates reported by surgeons A and B were 100% vs. 95.8%, respectively (${\kappa}=0.96$). Five out of nine facet (56%) non-unions were identified at the cross-links. The remaining four facet pseudarthrosis were noted at 1-2 spinal levels caudal to the cross-links. At the final clinical follow-up, there was no rod breakage, deformity progression, neurological deficit, or symptom recurrence. The Oswestry Disability Index improved by an average of $32.8{\pm}6.3$, while the mental component summary of the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey improved by an average of $4.7{\pm}2.1$, and physical component summary improved by an average of $10.5{\pm}2.1$. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study to report a CT that defined 92%-98% FF and 100% IBF using the lowest reported dose of RhBMP-2 in multilevel ASD surgery. The use of ultra-low dose RhBMP-2 reduces the RhBMP-2 related complications and healthcare costs.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.64-74
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 무등산국립공원 식생복원사업후 경과년수에 따라 식생변화상태, 인위적 복원조치에 대한 효과 등 식생회복정도를 평가하는데 있다. 1996년에 시행한 중봉 군부대 이전 복원공사지역과 1999년에 누에봉 방송통신시설 철거 복원공사지역에 식물상, 상대우점치, 종다양도, 유사도 등을 분석하기 위해 모니터링 시험구 11개소, 복원공사지역 인근 자연림에 대조구 10개소 등 총 21개소의 조사구를 설치하여 복원공사지역과 주변 자연림간 식생회복 정도를 평가하였다. 복원 후 17년이 경과한 중봉 군부대 이전 복원공사지역은 종구성의 유사도지수 평균치가 3.5%로 낮았으나 관목층의 수고는 112%의 수준으로 회복되었다. 복원 후 14년이 경과한 누에봉 방송통신시설 철거 복원공사지역의 유사도지수 평균치는 5.05%이었고 산철쭉과 털진달래가 출현하는 관목층의 수고는 82.6% 수준으로 회복되었다. 무등산국립공원과 다른 국립공원지역의 아고산대 복원평가방법과 복원공사기술개발을 위하여 복원공사지역의 지속적인 모니터링이 필요하다.