• Title/Summary/Keyword: Leukopenia

Search Result 155, Processing Time 0.026 seconds

A Systemic Analysis on Pemetrexed in Treating Patients with Breast Cancer

  • Wan, Fang;Chen, Xin;Dong, Li-Fan;Cheng, Yue-Hong;Long, Jing-Pei
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
    • /
    • v.15 no.11
    • /
    • pp.4567-4570
    • /
    • 2014
  • Background: This systemic analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pemetrexed based chemotherapy in treating patients with metastatic breast cancer as first or second line chemotherapy. Methods: Clinical studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of pemetrexed based regimens on response and safety for patients with breast cancer were identified using a predefined search strategy. Pooled response rate (RR) of treatment were calculated. Results: In first line pemetrexed based regimens, 10 clinical studies which including 513 patients with advanced breast cancer were considered eligible for inclusion. For second line pemetrexed based chemotherapy, 5 clinical studies which including 281 patients with advanced breast cancer were considered eligible. Systemic analysis suggested that, in all patients, pooled RR was 32.6% (167/513) in pemetrexed based first line regimens, and 13.9 % (39/281) in pemetrexed based second line regimens. Major adverse effects were neutropenia, leukopenia, fatigue, and anemia in pemetrexed based first line treatment; and lymphopenia, neutropenia, leukopenia, as well as anemia in second line chemotherapy. One treatment related death occurred with pemetrexed based second line treatment. Conclusion: This systemic analysis suggests that pemetrexed based first line regimens are associated with a reasonable response rate and acceptable toxicity, however with low response rate for treating patients with metastatic breast cancer when is used in the second line.

Association Between Polymorphisms of Dihydrofolate Reductase and Gamma Glutamyl Hydrolase Genes and Toxicity of High Dose Methotrexate in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

  • Koomdee, Napatrupron;Hongeng, Suradej;Apibal, Suntaree;Pakakasama, Samart
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
    • /
    • v.13 no.7
    • /
    • pp.3461-3464
    • /
    • 2012
  • Methotrexate (MTX) is an important drug for the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, related toxicity occurs in many organs which may cause interruption of treatment, morbidity, and mortality. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) and gamma glutamyl hydrolase (GGH) are known to alter their enzymatic activity and thus affect the metabolism of MTX and influence the effectiveness. Therefore, we hypothesized that genetic variations of DHFR and GGH genes may influence the risk of toxicity after high dose MTX. The study population comprised of 105 children with ALL who were treated according to the modified St Jude Total XV protocol. The patients received 2.5 or $5g/m^2$ of MTX for 5 doses during the consolidation phase. Genotyping of DHFR 829C>T and GGH-401C>T was performed using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The GGH-401CT and TT genotypes were associated with increased risk of leukopenia and thrombocytopenia after high dose MTX (OR 2.97, 95%CI; 1.24-7.13 and OR 4.02, 95%CI; 1.58-10.26). DHFR 829C>T was not associated with toxicity. In conclusion, the GGH-401CT and TT genotypes were found to increase the risk of severe leukopenia and thrombocytopenia after exposure to high dose MTX for childhood ALL therapy.

Positive Effects of Oral β-Glucan on Mucositis and Leukopenia in Colorectal Cancer Patients Receiving Adjuvant FOLFOX-4 Combination Chemotherapy

  • Karaca, Halit;Bozkurt, Oktay;Ozaslan, Ersin;Baldane, Suleyman;Berk, Veli;Inanc, Mevlude;Duran, Ayse Ocak;Dikilitas, Mustafa;Er, Ozlem;Ozkan, Metin
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
    • /
    • v.15 no.8
    • /
    • pp.3641-3644
    • /
    • 2014
  • The present study aimed to determine the effect of oral ${\beta}$-glucan on mucositis and leukopenia in 62 consecutive patients with colorectal cancer treated with an adjuvant FOLFOX-4 regimen. The patients were retrospectively evaluated in 2 groups: one group received ${\beta}$-glucan and the other did not (control group). Leucocytes, neutrophils, and platelets were evaluated before and 1 week after chemotherapy and oral mucositis and diarrhea were noted. Leucocyte and neutrophil counts after chemotherapy in the ${\beta}$-glucan group were $7,300/mm^3$ and $3,800/mm^3$, respectively, and the reductions, as compared to baseline, were not significant (p=0.673 and 0.784). The median platelet count was $264,000/mm^3$ after chemotherapy in the ${\beta}$-glucan group and the reduction, as compared to baseline, was borderline significant (p=0.048). In the control group, reduction in leucocyte, neutrophil, and platelet counts was statistically significant. Oral mucositis and diarrhea were less common in the ${\beta}$-glucan group. We conclude that ${\beta}$-glucan can be used to reduce the adverse effects of chemotherapy.

Adverse Events Associated with Azathioprine Treatment in Korean Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients

  • Chun, Ji Young;Kang, Ben;Lee, Yoo Min;Lee, Soo Youn;Kim, Mi Jin;Choe, Yon Ho
    • Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
    • /
    • v.16 no.3
    • /
    • pp.171-177
    • /
    • 2013
  • Purpose: This study was aimed to evaluate the frequency and course of adverse events associated with azathioprine treatment in Korean pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Methods: Total of 174 pediatric patients (age range, 1 to 19 years) with inflammatory bowel disease who received azathioprine in order to maintain remission at Samsung Medical Center (Seoul, Korea) from January 2002 through December 2012 were included in this study. Medical records of these subjects were retrospectively reviewed regarding the development of adverse events associated with azathioprine treatment. Results: Ninety-eight patients (56.3%) of 174 patients experienced 136 episodes of adverse events, requiring dose reduction in 31 patients (17.8%), and discontinuation in 18 patients (10.3%). The mean dose of azathioprine that had been initially administered was $1.32{\pm}0.42$ mg/kg/day. Among the adverse reactions, bone marrow suppression developed in 47 patients (27.0%), requiring dose reduction in 22 patients (12.6%) and discontinuation in 8 patients (4.6%). Other adverse events that occurred were gastrointestinal disturbance (15.5%), hair loss (12.1%), pancreatitis (7.5%), arthralgia (6.9%), hepatotoxicity (2.9%), skin rash/allergic reactions (2.9%), headache/dizziness (2.3%), sepsis (0.6%), and oral mucositis (0.6%). Conclusion: Bone marrow suppression, especially leukopenia was most commonly associated with azathioprine treatment in Korean pediatric inflammatory bowel disease patients. Close observation for possible adverse events is required in this population with inflammatory bowel diseases who are under treatment with azathioprine.

Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease Mimicking Mesenteric Lymphadenitis in Children: A Case Report and Systematic Review

  • Gyeongseo Jeon;Si-Hwa Gwag;Young June Choe;Saelin Oh;Jun Eun Park
    • Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
    • /
    • v.30 no.1
    • /
    • pp.39-46
    • /
    • 2023
  • Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is an acute febrile disease that mainly involves histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis in children and young adults. Diagnosis of KFD is even more difficult if image-guided percutaneous biopsy is technically challenging. We present a case of clinically diagnosed KFD in an 11-year-old boy who presented with fever, abdominal pain, and mesenteric lymphadenopathy, resulting in a diagnostic challenge. Additionally, we conducted a systematic review, and our goal was to describe the spectrum of disease, therapy, and outcomes. We identified 15 cases of KFD with symptoms that mimicked mesenteric lymphadenitis. Reports from the Americas, Europe, and Asia were also included. Most patients were male, exhibited leukopenia and elevated inflammatory markers, and recovered without significant sequelae or complications. A high index of suspicion of KFD should be maintained in children presenting with prolonged fever and unusual manifestations, such as mesenteric lymphadenitis.

A Study on the Widal Test (Widal Test에 관한 연구)

  • Cho, Yong-Chu
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
    • /
    • v.2 no.1
    • /
    • pp.17-19
    • /
    • 1975
  • Widal Test has been performed on the patients of 1052 admitted with suspicious typhoid for 5 years (Jan. '68 Dec. '72) White blood cell count, Hematocrit and Bacterial cultures are compared with widal titer and found a slight atypical variation from the characteristic pattern of it. 1. There is frequency distribution on the age of 20-40 yrs. as far as social activity concerned. (Table 1) 2. A slight leukopenia exists on the high titer of it but no definite pattern has been found. 3. S. Typhi has been grown on the low titer of it but no growth on the high titer. 4. It ia the most important in public health view point (no definite clinical symptom, Hematological, Serological, Microbiological characteristics.)

  • PDF

Diagnostic imaging and treatment of hepatic abscess in a Dachshund (개에서 발생한 간 농양의 진단 영상과 치료 증례)

  • Jung, Joohyun;Chae, Woongjoo;Chang, Jinhwa;Oh, Sunkyoung;Yoon, Junghee;Choi, Mincheol
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
    • /
    • v.48 no.1
    • /
    • pp.119-124
    • /
    • 2008
  • A castrated male, 4-year old, Dachshund weighing 5.3 kg with an acute history of anorexia, vomiting, severe depression, and hypothermia for 1 day was referred. Severe leukopenia, mild increased hepatic enzymes, and mild imbalanced electrolyte were found on laboratory tests. There are no remarkable findings on abdominal radiographs. Ultrasonography showed multifocal heterogeneous and hypoechoic round regions in the liver. Ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration and drainage were performed and hepatic abscess was diagnosed. The patient was recovered normally without any complications through aggressive medical treatments from the result of culture and sensitivity test.

The Effects of PSM on Immune Response (버섯다당체로 구성된 PSM의 면역조절에 미치는 영향)

  • 오영선;오민석;손창규;조종관;송태원
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine
    • /
    • v.22 no.1
    • /
    • pp.46-52
    • /
    • 2001
  • Objectives: This experimental study was carried out to evaluate the effects of PSM(polysaccharide of mushroom) on the immune activity. Methods: The following were performed; Immunotoxicity testing for immunopathology, IgO production & LPS mitogen response for humoral immunity, DTH, ConA mitogen response for cell-mediated immunity, and macrophage adherence & phagocytosis for nonspecific immunity in vitro or in vivo. Results: PSM showed a protective effect on cyclophosphamide-induced leukopenia, increased IgG production and lymphoproliferative responses to LPS; inhanced DTH and lymphoproliferative response Con A; and activated macrophage adherence and phagocytosis to SRBC. Conclusions: It is suggested that PSM can be used for cancer patients with immunosuppression and adapted to many other diseases.

  • PDF

Synthesis of Dithiolopyrrolone Derivatives and Their Leukocyte-Increasing Activities

  • Li, Chungang;Sun, Yiping;Wang, Guoping;Tan, Xiangduan
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
    • /
    • v.35 no.12
    • /
    • pp.3489-3494
    • /
    • 2014
  • In search of new antileukopenia agents, twenty dithiolopyrrolone derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their leukocyte-increasing activities in normal mice. Among the synthesized compounds 4-23, compounds 5 and 6 showed significant leukocyte-increasing activity ( p < 0.01), and compounds 4, 9 and 16 had a moderate effect ( p < 0.05). Compound 5 also displayed stronger leukocyte-increasing activity than that of the positive recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF). Above all, compound 5 would be a potential antileukopenia agent which deserved further research.

Drug-induced blood cell dyscrasia associated with phenobarbital administration in a dog

  • Jung, Han-Byeol;Kang, Min-Hee;Park, Hee-Myung
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
    • /
    • v.55 no.4
    • /
    • pp.263-266
    • /
    • 2015
  • A 13-year-old, spayed, female Chihuahua dog was referred for evaluation of fever, lethargy, and dyspnea. Hematologic evaluation revealed severe neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and mild anemia. The dog had been undergoing phenobarbital therapy for the past 7 weeks because of generalized seizures due to meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown etiology. After ruling out other possible causes of cytopenias, a tentative diagnosis was made of drug-induced blood cell dyscrasia. The neutropenia and thrombocytopenia resolved after discontinuation of phenobarbital (8 days and 15 days after discontinuation, respectively). This is the first case report in Korea to demonstrate blood dyscrasia associated with idiosyncratic adverse effects of phenobarbital.