• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.135-144
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• 1999

Environmental toxicities of priority water pollutants were evaluated by two selected bioassays, Lettuce seed germination/elongation test and Microtox acute toxicity test. Toxic chemicals (heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and phenolic compounds) inhibited the germination rate and root elongation of Lettuce seed, as well as the bioluminescence of Microtox bacteria. When test biota were exposed to target chemicals, the sensitivity of Lettuce bioassay was relatively lower than that of Microtox bioassay. However, Lettuce bioassay may be a good candidate for prescreening the environmental toxicities of priority water pollutants, since the testing method with Lettuce seed was relatively easier and more economic than with Microtox bacteria. Toxicity tests were conducted to compare the validity and sensitivity of both bioassays for sediment from a small stream passed through urban area as well as leachate from a municipal solid waste landfill. From experimental results, we found that Lettuce test and Microtox test are compensated each other as a battery of bioassay for evaluating the environmental toxicities of field samples obtained from a small stream contaminated by pollutants.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.233-238
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• 1997

To evaluate allelopathic effect of volatile chemicals and phytohormones, seed germination and seedling growth test of Lactuca sativa have performed in laboratory experiments. Among used chemicals terpienen-4-ol was the most inhibitory to seed germination of lettuce. ABA and GA inhibited seed germination at $5{\times}10^{-6}M$ concentration but promoted germination at $2.5{\times}10^{-5}M$ and $5{\times}10^{-5}M$. ABA and GA alleviated volatile chemical-induced inhibition of seed germination and seedling elongation of lettuce.

• 한국식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물학회 1987년도 식물생명공학 심포지움 논문집 Proceedings of Symposia on Plant Biotechnology
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• pp.175-190
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• 1987

Germination characters of the lettuce seed that received photoperiodic pretreatments of low or high temperature from the flowering to harvest. MSU-15 seed, one of the lettuce cultivars used, having high dark germination, was modified to low dark germination by the long-day treatments during the seed formation. Light-requiring MSU-16 seed was modified to the dark-germination seed by high temperature given at the seed formation period. Above results suggest that the environmental conditions given to an immature seed adhered to a mother plant bring about some modification to its native germination habit. I confirmed that the spectral quality of light could influence the phytochrome system which controlled germination characters of the progeny of lettuce seed ; plants grown in light rich in far-red energies produced light-requiring seed, but those grown in high deficient in far-red energies produced dark germination seed.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.119-130
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• 2012

상추의 채종효율을 증진하기 위해서는 잎상추의 경우는 14엽기에 GA₃ 20mg/ℓ, 결구상추의 경우 혼합처리인 8+14엽기의 GA₃ 20mg/ℓ처리가 우수한 것으로 나타났다. GA₃처리에 의한 고사율의 감소로 채종량이 엽상추는 50.9 → 14엽기 61.7ℓ/10a로 21% 증수 할 수 있었으며, 결구상추는 그 효과는 적었으나 8+14엽기에 GA₃ 20mg/ℓ처리시 무처리에 비해 14.2 →21.1ℓ/10a로 14.9% 증수효과가 있었다. 특히 결구상추 채종을 위해서는 6월 이후에 파종하는 것이 무름병과 균핵병에 의한 부패율을 경감시킬 수 있었다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2012

Nondestructive evaluation of seed viability is one of the highly demanding technologies for seed production industry. Conventional seed sorting technologies, such as tetrazolium and standard germination test are destructive, time consuming, and labor intensive methods. Near infrared spectroscopy technique has shown good potential for nondestructive quality measurements for food and agricultural products. In this study, FT-NIR spectroscopy was used to classify normal and artificially aged lettuce seeds. The spectra with the range of 1100~2500 nm were scanned for lettuce seeds and analyzed using the principal component analysis(PCA) method. To classify viable seeds from nonviable seeds, a calibration modeling set was developed with a partial least square(PLS) method. The calibration model developed from PLS resulted in 98% classification accuracy with the Savitzky-Golay $1^{st}$ derivative preprocessing method. The prediction accuracy for the test data set was 93% with the MSC(Multiplicative Scatter Correction) preprocessing method. The results show that FT-NIR has good potential for discriminating non-viable lettuce seeds from viable ones.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.62-67
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• 1986

상치 종자(種字) (과실)의 과피(果皮) 및 과피맥(果皮脈)을 SEM을 이용(利用)하여 관찰(觀察)하였다. 그 결과(結果) 과피(果皮) 및 과피맥(果皮脈)의 형성(形成)뿐만이 아니라 외피각질층(外皮角質層)의 왁스(epicuticular wax)의 발달까지도 종자(種子) 형성시(形成時)의 저온조건(低溫條件)에 의하여 크게 촉진되는 반면, 고온(高溫)에 의하여 발육(發育)이 매우 부진하다는 사실을 알았다. 또한, 이러한 사실이 종자(種子)의 품질(品質) 형성(形成) 및 수명에 영향(影響)을 주는 하나의 요인(要因)이 될 수 있다고 생각되었다. 또한, TEM을 이용(利用)한 관찰(觀察)에서는 상치 종자(種子)가 흡수후(吸水後) 불과 4시간(時間)안에 배유의 활동(活動)이 시작되며 배유세포가 서로 원형질(原形質) 연락사를 통하여 연결된다는 사실을 확인(確認)하였고, 과피(果皮)에 유합된 종피(種皮)는 여러 가지 섬유질의 라멜라층을 이루고 있다는 사실을 알아내었다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2008

Seedling damping-off and bottom rot caused by Rhizoctonia solani are yield limiting diseases of crisphead lettuce. To provide biocontrol measure in the management of the diseases, biocontrol strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa LY-11 was isolated from lettuce rhizosphere and introduced into crisphead lettuce rhizosphere by the seed coating delivery method. Alginate was used as a coating material to generate beads containing $10^6-10^{6.5}$ colony-forming units (CFUs) of viable bacterial cells of LY-11. When seeds germinated from the alginate beads containing the strain LY-11, the bacteria established mostly in plant rhizosphere to maintain at least $10^4$ CFU per gram of plant tissues. Crisphead lettuce seedlings germinated from the entrapped seeds were less affected from damping-off and bottom rot with disease control values of 70.4% and 85.4% respectively. Although P. aeruginosa LY-11 colonized plant rhizosphere and not phyllosphere, the result indicated that bottom rot caused by the foliar inoculation of R. solani was effectively reduced by the rhizobacteria. All data suggested that immobilized rhizobacterial application in seeds by alginate coating could control damping-off and induce induced systemic resistance of crisphead lettuce to reduce bottom rot.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.242-248
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• 1983

상치종자(種子)에 광질(光質), 생장조절물질(生長調節物質), soduim hypochlorite침지처리하여 발아시험(發芽試驗)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 자연광(自然光) 및 적색광하(赤色光下)에서 GA 및 BA는 발아(發芽)를 촉진(促進)시켰으며, 청색광(靑色光)이나 ABA는 발아(發芽)를 억제(抑制)시켰다. 2. 생장조절물질(生長調節物質)의 복합처리시(複合處理時) GA 농도(濃度)가 높아질수록 발아율(發芽率)은 상승(上乘)하며 암흑하(暗黑下)에서는 BA농도(濃度) 10ppm에서 발아율상승효과(發芽率上乘效果)가 컸다. 3. Sodium hypochlorite 20분(分) 이상(以上) 침지처리로 암흑하(暗黑下)에서도 85%이상(以上)의 발아율(發芽率)을 보였다. 4. ABA하(下)에서도 sodium hypochlorite 침지처리로 발아율상승효과(發芽率上乘效果)를 볼 수 있었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.569-577
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• 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the growth of Cichorium intybus, Brassica juncea, and Lactuca sativa at varying seed ratios, and to suggest an efficient management plan for sustainable indoor agriculture systems. It was treated with mixed sowing as follows: 30 chicory seeds (chicory alone: CC), 22 chicory seeds + 8 lettuce seeds (C₃L₁), 20 chicory seeds + 10 lettuce seeds (C₂L₁), 15 chicory seeds + 15 lettuce seeds (C₁L₁) as intraspecies, and 30 mustard seeds (mustard alone: MC), 22 mustard seeds + 8 lettuce seeds (M₃L₁), 20 mustard seeds + 10 lettuce seeds (M₂L₁), 15 mustard seeds + 15 lettuce seeds (M₁L₁) as interspecies. The study identified the competitive response in seed germination between Cichorium intybus and Lactuca sativa, and in the C₃L₁ experimental group, Lactuca sativa had the highest leaf length, root length, chlorophyll content, and fresh weight. Therefore, the higher the ratio of Cichorium intybus, the higher the growth and productivity of Lactuca sativa; however, higher the ratio of Lactuca sativa, the lower the growth of Cichorium intybus. Furthermore, the nitrogen and potassium content in the substrate was the highest in the C₃L₁ experimental grorp which had the highest seeding rate of the Cichorium intybus. Comparing the groups Brassica juncea and Lactuca sativa, the higher the seeding ratio of Lactuca sativa, the higher the growth and productivity of Brassica juncea. Therefore, a companion seeding of Brassica juncea and Lactuca sativa is beneficial; this could be effective in having a high seeding ratio of Lactuca sativa.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.407-412
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• 1995

비파괴적인 방법으로 활력이 높은 종자를 선별하는 방법을 개발하기 위하여, 참깨, 파, 상추 종자를 상대습도 90%, 온도 45$^{\circ}C$에서 인위적으로 퇴화시켜 활력이 다른 종자를 물에 침지하였을 때 종자가 분비하는 당, 아미노산, 단백질의 양과 속도 등을 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 참깨 종자는 활력과 침지시간에 관계없이 당, 아미노산, 단백질을 거의 분비하지 않았다. 2. 파의 죽은 종자는 건전종자나 활력이 중인 종자보다 아미노산을 더 많이 분비하였으나 전당과 단백질 분비량은 크지 않았다. 3. 상추의 죽은 종자는 당, 아미노산, 단백질을 모두 많이 분비하였다. 건전종자와 활력이 중인 종자는 당은 거의 분비하지 않았으나 아미노산과 단백질은 다소 많이 분비하였다.