• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.398-406
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• 2019

Cancer immunotherapy using gene-modified tumor cells is safe and customized cancer treatment method. In this study, we made gene-modified tumor cells by transferring costimulatory molecules, 4-1BBL and OX40L, into tumor cells using lentivirus vector, and identified anti-cancer effect of gene-modified tumor cells in CT26 mouse colorectal tumor model. We construct pLVX-puro-4-1BBL, -OX40L vector for lentivirus production and optimized the transfection efficiency and transduction efficiency. The transfection efficiency is maximal at DNA:cationic polymer = 1:0.5 and DNA 2 ㎍ for lentivirus production. Then, the lentiviral including 4-1BBL and OX40L was used to deliver CT26 mouse tumor cells to establish optimal delivery conditions according to the amount of virus. The transduction efficiency is maximal at 500 μL volume of lentiviral stock without change in cell shape or growth rate. CT26-4-1BBL, CT26-OX40L significantly inhibited the tumor growth compare with CT26-WT or CT26-β-gal cell line. These data showed the possibility the use of genetically modified tumor cells with costimulatory molecule as cancer immunotherapy agent.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.125-131
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• 2007

von Willebrand factor (vWF) is a multimeric glycoprotein which functions within the coagulation system. It colocalizes with factor VIII (FVIII) by non-covalent interaction and alters its intracellular trafficking. vWF is also instrumental in maintaining the stability of secreted FVIII. The principal objective of this study was to generate a lentivirus-based vWF expression vector for gene therapy of hemophilia A. We inserted a vWF of 8.8 Kb into a lentiviral vector thereby producing VSV-G-pseudotyped vEx52. However, its titer was quite low, presumably because the length of vWF gene exceeds the size limit of the lentiviral vector. In order to overcome the low-titer, we concentrated the vEx52 and thus increased the efficiency of transduction approximately 6-fold with $1/100^{th}$ of the volume. However, as concentration requires an additional laborious step, we attempted to enhance the transduction efficiency by deleting exons 24-46 and 29-46 in pRex52 to construct pRex23 and pRex28, and in pvEx52, yielding pvEx23 and pvEx28, respectively. The transfected pRex52 had a profound effect on the activity of secreted FVIII, and this activity declined as domains of vWF were deleted. However, when the domain-deleted vWF-lentiviruses were transduced into K562 cells, the vEx28 increased the activity of the secreted FVIII compared to what was observed with vEx52. This result is probably due to higher efficiencies of transduction and expression while retaining the essential domains required for proper interaction with FVIII.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.611-616
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• 2014

Objectives: Dendritic cell (DC)-based tumor immunotherapy needs an immunogenic tumor associated antigen (TAA) and an effective approach for its presentation to lymphocytes. In this study we explored whether transduction of DCs with lentiviruses (LVs) expressing the human interleukin-12 gene could stimulate antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) against human lung cancer cells in vitro. Methods: Peripheral blood monocyte-derived DCs were transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding human IL-12 gene (LV-12). The anticipated target of the human IL-12 gene was detected by RT-PCR. The concentration of IL-12 in the culture supernatant of DCs was measured by ELISA.Transduction efficiencies and CD83 phenotypes of DCs were assessed by flow cytometry. DCs were pulsed with tumor antigen of lung cancer cells (DC+Ag) and transduced with LV-12 (DC-LV-12+Ag). Stimulation of T lymphocyte proliferation by DCs and activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) stimulated by LV-12 transduced DCs pulsed with tumor antigen against A549 lung cancer cells were assessed with methyl thiazolyltetrazolium (MTT). Results: A recombinant lentivirus expressing the IL-12 gene was successfully constructed. DC transduced with LV-12 produced higher levels of IL-12 and expressed higher levels of CD83 than non-transduced. The DC modified by interleukin -12 gene and pulsed with tumor antigen demonstrated good stimulation of lymphocyte proliferation, induction of antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes and antitumor effects. Conclusions: Dendritic cells transduced with a lentivirus-mediated interleukin-12 gene have an enhanced ability to kill lung cancer cells through promoting T lymphocyte proliferation and cytotoxicity.

• 약학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.217-224
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• 2005

Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-l) based lentivirus vector has demonstrated great potential as gene therapy vectors mediating efficient gene delivery and long-term transgene expression in both dividing and nondividing cells. However, for clinical studies it must be confirmed that vector preparations are safe and not contaminated by replication competent lentivirus (RCL) related to the parental pathogenic virus, HIV-l. In this study, we would like to establish the method for titration and RCL detection of lentivirus vector. The titration was determined by vector expression containing the green fluorescent protein, GFP in transduced cells. The titer was $1{\times}10^7$ Transducing Unit/ml in the GFP expression assay and $8.9{\times}10^7$ molecules/ml in the real-time PCR. Also, for the detection of RCL, we have used a combination method of PCR and p24 antigen detection. First, PBS/psi and VSV-G region in the genomic DNA of transduced cells was detected by PCR assay. Second, transfer and expression of the HIV-1 gag gene was detected by p24 ELISA. In an attempt to amplify any RCL, the transduced cells were cultured for 3 weeks (amplification phase) and the supernatant of amplified transduced cell was used for the second transduction to determine whether a true RCL was present (indicator phase). Analysis of cells and supernatant at day 6 in indicator phase were negative for PBS/psi, VSV-G, and p24 antigen. These results suggest that they are not mobilized and therefore there are no RCL in amplification phase. Thus, real-time PCR is a reliable and sensitive method for titration and RCL detection of lentivirus vector.

• BMB Reports
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.217-222
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• 2009

Controlled gene expression in specific cells is a valuable tool for gene therapy. We attempted to determine whether the lentivirus-mediated Tet-On inducible system could be applied to cancer gene therapy. In order to select the genes that induce cancer cell death, we compared the ability of the known pro-apoptotreic genes, Bax and tBid, and a cell cycle inhibitor, p21cip1/waf1, and determined that Bax was the most effective. For the cancer cell-specific expression of $rtTA2^S$-M2, we tested the matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) promoter and determined that it is highly expressed in cancer cell lines, including SNU475 cells. The co-transduction of two lentiviruses that contain sequences for TRE-Bax and $rtTA2^S$-M2, the expression of which is controlled by the MMP-2 promoter, resulted in the specific cell death of SNU475, whereas other cells with low MMP-2 expression did not evidence significant cell death. Our data indicate that the lentivirus-mediated Tet-On system using the cancer-specific promoter is applicable for cancer gene therapy.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.283-292
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• 2009

목 적: 인간 배아줄기세포 (human embryonic stem cells; hESCs)는 체외에서 오랫동안 증식할 수 있으며, 모든 종류의 세포로 분화할 수 있는 능력을 가진 세포이다. 그러므로, 인간 배아줄기세포는 세포치료의 세포공급원의 역할을 할 수 있을 것으로 기대를 모으고 있다. 인간 배아줄기세포로의 외래 유전자의 도입은 분화경로 규명 및 특정 유전자의 기능 규명 등에 효과적으로 이용될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 렌티 바이러스를 이용하여 eGFP 유전자를 XY와 XX 핵형을 가진 인간 배아줄기세포주에 도입하고자 하였다. 연구방법: 렌티 바이러스를 이용하여 eGFP 유전자를 인간 배아줄기세포에 도입하였다. 도입된 eGFP의 발현은 형광현미경을 이용하여 확인하였으며, 유세포 분석을 통하여 eGFP 발현세포의 비율을 분석하였다. 또한, eGFP가 도입된 인간 배아줄기세포에서 표지인자인 Oct4, SSEA4 및 Tra-1-81의 발현을 확인하였으며, 배아체의 형성 여부를 확인하여 특성분석을 수행하였다. 결 과: eGFP는 인간 배아줄기세포로 성공적으로 도입되었다. eGFP의 발현은 40 계대 이상 안정적으로 지속되었다. eGFP를 발현하는 인간 배아줄기세포는 eGFP 도입 후에도, 배아줄기세포의 특성을 유지하고 있음이 확인되었다. 또한, 자연적 분화 동안 발현이 감소하는 현상이 관찰되었다. 결 론: 본 연구에서는 렌티 바이러스를 이용하여 eGFP가 도입된 인간 배아줄기세포주를 확립하였으며, 그 특성이 유지되고 있음을 확인하였다. 표지 유전자가 도입된 인간 배아줄기세포주는 분화 및 다른 연구에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.394-400
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• 2008

목적: 줄기 세포에서 렌티바이러스와 아데노바이러스를 이용해 유전자를 전달하였을 때 유전자 발현 정도를 정량적으로 비교하는 연구는 보고되지 않았다. 저자들은 쥐의 중간엽줄기세포(이하 rMSC)에 사람 나트륨/옥소 공동수송체 (이하 hNIS) 유전자를 렌티바이러스와 아데노바이러스를 통하여 전달하고 발현 정도를 정량적으로 비교해 보았다. 대상 및 방법: hNIS를 발현하는 rMSE (lenti-hNIS-rMSC)의 생산은 hNIS유전자를 렌티바이러스 벡터인 pLenti/UbC/V5-DEST (Invitrogen)에 클로닝하여 pLenti-hNIS를 얻은 후 rMSC에 감염시켜서 3주간 blasticidin으로 선별하였다. hNIS를 발현하는 재조합 아데노바이러스(Rad-hNIS)는 homologous recombination 방법에 의하여 생산하였으며 Rad-hNIS의 rMSC에 대한 transduction efficiency는 Rad-GFP를 사용하여 MOI 1, 5, 20, 고리고 100에서 평가하였고 그 결과는 각각 $19.1{\pm}4.7%$, $54.0{\pm}6.4%$, $85.7{\pm}8.7%$, 그리고 $98.4{\pm}1.3%$이었다. 두 바이러스 전달 시스템에서 hNIS의 발현정도를 ummunocytochemistry, western blot 그리고 방사성옥소 섭취실험을 통해 평가하였다. 결과: Immunocytochemistry와 western blot으로 hNIS 단백질의 양을 비교하였을 때 lenti-hNIS-rMSC에서 발현하는 hNIS 단백질의 양은 Rad-hNIS를 rMSC에 MOI 20으로 감염시킨 경우보다는 많았으나 MOI 50 보다는 작았다. 그러나 방사성옥소 섭취실험에서 lenti-hNIS-rMSC ($29,704{\pm}6,659\;picomole/10^6\;cells$)는 MOI 100의 Rad-hNIS를 rMSE에 감염시킨 경우($6,168{\pm}2,134\;picomole/10^6\;cells)$ 보다도 높은 섭취율을 보였다. 결론: 렌티바이러스를 통하여 hNIS를 rMSC에서 발현하도록 했을 때 아데노바이러스를 전달 벡터로 사용한 경우에 비하여 단백질 발현 양은 상대적으로 적었으나 hNIS의 기능은 더 우수하였다. hNIS를 리포터 유전자로 사용한 줄기세포추적은 벡터에 따른 유전자 발현효율의 차이를 고려하고 시행되어야 할 것으로 생각한다.

• Journal of Gynecologic Oncology
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.99.1-99.11
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• 2018

Objective: The present study is to evaluate the biological functions of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), X-inactive specific transcript, X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) in human epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Methods: XIST was upregulated in EOC cell lines, CAOV3 and OVCAR3 cells by lentiviral transduction. The effects of XIST overexpression on cancer cell proliferation, invasion, chemosensitivity and in vivo tumor growth were investigated, respectively. Possible sponging interaction between XIST and human microRNA hsa-miR-214-3p was further evaluated. Furthermore, hsa-miR-214-3p was overexpressed in XIST-upregulated CAOV3 and OVCAR3 cells to evaluate its effect on XIST-mediated EOC regulation. Results: Lentivirus-mediated XIST upregulation had significant anticancer effects in CAOV3 and OVCAR3 cells by suppressing cancer cell proliferation, invasion, increasing cisplatin chemosensitivity and inhibiting in vivo tumor growth. Hsa-miR-214-3p was confirmed to directly bind XIST, and inversely downregulated in XIST-upregulated EOC cells. In EOC cells with XIST upregulation, secondary lentiviral transduction successfully upregulated hsa-miR-214-3p expression. Subsequently, hsa-miR-214-3p upregulation functionally reversed the anticancer effects of XIST-upregulation in EOC. Conclusion: Upregulation of lncRNA XIST may suppress EOC development, possibly through sponging effect to induce hsa-miR-214-3p downregulation

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.487-493
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• 2008

HoxB4 has been shown to enhance hematopoietic engraftment by hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) from differentiating mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) cultures. Here we examined the effect of ectopic expression of HoxB4 in differentiated human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Stable HoxB4-expressing hESCs were established by lentiviral transduction, and the forced expression of HoxB4 did not affect stem cell features. HoxB4-expressing hESC-derived CD34+ cells generated higher numbers of erythroid and blast-like colonies than controls. The number of CD34+ cells increased but CD45+ and KDR+ cell numbers were not significantly affected. When the hESC derived CD34+ cells were transplanted into $NOD/SCID{\beta}2m-/-$ mice, the ectopic expression of HoxB4 did not alter their repopulating capacity. Our findings show that overexpression of HoxB4 in differentiating hESCs increases hematopoietic colony formation and hematopoietic cell formation in vitro, but does not affect in vivo repopulation in adult mice hosts.

• BMB Reports
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• 제44권8호
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• pp.547-552
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• 2011

MED19 is a member of the Mediator that plays a key role in the activation and repression of signal transduction or the regulation of transcription in carcinomas. To tested the functional role of MED19 in human prostate cancer, we downregulated MED19 expression in prostate cancer cells (PC-3 and DU145) by lentivirus-mediated short hairpin (shRNA), and analyzed the effect of inhibition of MED19 on prostate cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. The in vitro prostate cancer cell proliferation, colony formation, and in vivo tumor growth in nude mice xenografts was significantly reduced after the downregulation of MED19. Knockdown of MED19 caused S-phase arrest and induced apoptosis via modulation of Bid and Caspase 7. It was suggested that MED19 serves as a novel proliferation regulator that promotes growth of prostate cancer cells.