• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.2760-2766
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• 2013

서론 : 본 논문은 전방 잠금형 금속판을 이용한 요골 원위부 골절 수술 후 나사못(screw)의 요골구 관통 유무를 확인하기 위한 방법으로 방사선 요골구 접선방향촬영법의 새로운 검사법을 제시하고자 한다. 재료 및 방법 : 요골구 접선방향 촬영 시 요골 원위부 거상 각도는 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10도와 전완골과 방사선 검출기와의 각도를 60, 70, 80도로 각각 변화시켜 촬영한 방사선영상에서 나사못의 요골구 관통유무를 분석하였다. 결과 : 요골구 접선방향 영상에서는 요골구를 관통하지 않은 경우와 요골구 내관통, 요골구 외관통인 경우가 각각 55명(63.95%), 9명(10.47%), 22명(25.58%)으로 분석 되었고, 요골구를 관통한 나사못의 길이는 0.43~2.72mm의 범위로 평균 1.06mm이었다. 요골구가 잘 묘사되는 방사선 촬영법은 요골 거상각도 2.5~7.5도에서 90%이상, 전완골과 방사선 검출기의 각도 70도에서 요골구가 80%이상 잘 묘사되는 것으로 분석 되었다. 결론 : 요골구 접선방향 촬영법은 요골 원위부 거상 각도 5도, 전완골과 검출기의 각도는 70도를 추천 한다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the training and detraining effects of a 8-week water exercise on lower extremities coordination during obstacle gait in the female elderly. Eight elderly participants (age: $76.58{\pm}4.97$ yrs, height: $148.88{\pm}7.19$ cm, body mass: $56.62{\pm}6.82$ kg, and leg length: $82.36{\pm}2.98$ cm), who stayed at the Seoul K welfare center, were recruited for this study. All participants had no history of orthopedic abnormality within the past 1 year and completed the aquatic exercise program which lasted for 8 weeks. To identify the training and detraining effect of 8 weeks of water exercise, a 3-D motion analysis with 7 infrared cameras and one force plate sampling frequency set at 100 Hz and 1,000 Hz, respectively, was performed. A two-way ANOVA was performed to find training and detraining effects among diferent obstacle heights. In this study significant level was set at .05. Significant training effects of LTS (lead foot thigh and shank) coordination in all obstacle height were found (p<.05). It is also found that the training effect of LTS remained 37%, 58%, and 25% in obstacle height of 30%, 40%, and 50%, respectively. Lead foot showed the greater detraining effect of coordination compared with trail foot, and SF (shank and foot) coordination revealed better detraining effects of coordination compare with TS (thigh and shank) in both feet. Based on the findings, a 8 week water exercise give an positive effects to the elderly in terms of segment cooperation which potentially helps reducing their accident falls. The magnitude of detraining may also help the elderly to find the retraining moment.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.99-117
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• 2023

The crack under the influence of the higher intensities of the stresses grows and the structure gets collapsed with the time when the crack length reaches to critical value. Therefore, the fracture behavior of a structure in terms of stress intensity factors (SIF) becomes important to determine the remaining fracture strength and capacity of material and structure for avoiding catastrophic failure, increasing safety and further improvement in the design. The robustness of the method has been demonstrated by comparing the numerical results with analytical and experimental results of some problems. XFEM is used to model cracks and holes in structures and predict their strength and reliability under service conditions. Further, XFEM is extended with a stochastic method for predicting the sensitivity in terms of output COVs and fracture strength in terms of mean values of stress intensity factors (SIFs) of a structure with discontinuities (cracks and holes) under tensile loading condition with input individual and combined randomness in different system parameters. In stochastic technique, the second order perturbation technique (SOPT) has been used for the predicting the fracture behavior of the structures. The stochastic/perturbation technique is also known as Taylor series expansion method and it provides the reliable results if the input randomness is less than twenty percentage. From the present numerical analysis it is observed that, the crack tip near to the hole is under the influence of the stress concentration and the variational effect of the input random parameters on the crack tip in terms of the SIFs are lesser so the COVs are the less sensitive. The COVs of mixed mode SIFs are the most sensitive for the crack angles (α=45° to 90°) for all the values of c₁ and d₁. The plate with the shorter distance between hole and crack is the most sensitive with all the crack angles but the crack tip which is much nearer to the hole has the highest sensitivity.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.542-553
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• 2011

본 논문에서 방전 또는 스파크로 인한 전기화재, 폭발사고 및 감전 사고의 위험 없이 고주파 고전력을 안전하게 전달할 수 있는 새로운 형태의 실용적인 자기케이블을 처음으로 제안하였다. 또한, 케이블 사이에서 발생하는 누설자속에 대한 자기저항을 주변효과(fringe effect)까지 고려하여 정량적으로 해석하였다. 자기케이블에 상쇄코일, 상쇄금속판, 상쇄금속관과 같은 상쇄실드 적용함으로써 자기케이블 사이의 누설자속을 급격히 줄여 콤팩트한 자기케이블을 구현하였고, 장거리 전력전송을 가능하게 하였다. 입력전류 $10A_{rms}$(20kHz)에서 상쇄금속관이 적용된 1.5m길이, 5cm의 케이블 사이의 간격을 갖는 자기케이블로 353.8W의 전력을 68%효율로 전달하였다. 이는 상쇄금속관을 적용하지 않았을 때에 비해 출력전력은 약 25배, 효율은 약 7배 높은 수치다. 본 논문에서는 제안된 자기케이블의 성능 특성을 실험과 자장 시뮬레이션을 통해 분석 및 검증하고 비교하였으며, 기대했던 우수한 성능을 실제로 확인하였다.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.449-460
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• 2021

Flexoelectricity is an interesting materials' property that is more touchable in small scales. This property beside the sandwich structures placed in the center of scientists' attention due to their extraordinary effects on the mechanical properties. Furthermore, in the passage of decades, more elaborated sandwich structures took into consideration results from using honeycomb core. This kind of structure, inspiring from honeycomb core, provides more stiffness to weight ratio, which plays a crucial role in different industries. In this paper, based on the Love-Kirchhoff's hypothesis, Hamilton's principle, modified couple stress theory and Fourier series analytical method, equations of motion for a sandwich plate containing a honeycomb core integrated by two face-sheets have derived and solved analytically. The equations of both face sheets have derived by flexoelectricity consideration. Moreover, it should be noticed that the whole structure rests on the visco-Pasternak foundation. Conducting current research provided an acceptable and throughout study based on flexoelectricity to address the effect of materials' characteristics, length-scale parameter, aspect, and thickness ratios and boundary conditions on the natural frequency of honeycomb sandwich plates. Also, based on the presented figures and tables, there is a close agreement between previous studies and recent work. Due to the high ratio of strength to weight, current model analyzing is capable of taking into account for different vehicles' manufacturing in a high range of industries.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.1135-1140
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• 2012

An electrochromatographic microchip with carboxyl-group-derivatized mono-disperse silica packing was prepared from the corresponding colloidal silica solution by utilizing capillary action and self-assembly behavior. The silica beads in water were primed by the capillary action toward the ends of cross-patterned microchannel on a cyclic olefinic copolymer (COC) substrate. Slow evaporation of water at the front of packing promoted the self-assembled packing of the beads. After thermally binding a cover plate on the chip substrate, reservoirs for sample solutions were fabricated at the ends of the microchannel. The packing at the entrances of the microchannel was silver coated to fix utilizing an electroless silver-plating technique to prevent the erosion of the packed structure caused by the sudden switching of a high voltage DC power source. The electrochromatographic behavior of the microchip was explored and compared to that of the microchip with bare silica packing in basic borate buffer. Electrophoretic migration of Rhodamine B was dominant in the microchip with the carboxyl-derivatized silica packing that resulted in a migration approximated twice as fast, while the reversible adsorption was dominant in the bare silica-packed microchip. Not only the faster migration rates of the negatively charged FITC-derivatives of amino acids but also the different migration due to the charge interaction at the packing surface were observed. The electrochromatographic characteristics were studied in detail and compared with those of the bare silica packed microchip in terms of the packing material, the separation potential, pH of the running buffer, and also the separation channel length.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2017

천연가스 연료는 매장량과 경제성 측면에서 미래 가치가 매우 높기 때문에 여러 가지 이용 기술 개발이 활발하게 이루어지고 있으며 내연기관을 이용한 발전 분야에서도 그 중요성이 점점 증가하고 있는 실정이다. 천연가스 연료를 이용하는 MW급 발전용 대형 왕복엔진의 경우 연료공급시스템의 고도화 개발이 필요한데 그 중에서도 천연가스 분사기의 개발은 실질적인 천연가스 연료 이용을 위한 핵심이다. 본 연구에서는 천연가스 분사기를 상부에 위치한 솔레노이드의 전자기력에 의해 구동되고 하부의 밸브 바디부 전기자와 이동판이 상하로 움직이는 구조의 분사밸브 형태로 고안 및 설계하였으며 이 시작품의 동특성을 엔진 흡기 모사 조건에서 실험하였다. 지난 연구에서는 전기자의 변위와 지름 및 솔레노이드 코어 지름을 변경해 가면서 실험을 수행하였으며, 그 후속으로 솔레노이드 코어의 금속 재질 변경과 메인 하우징의 입구 크기 및 공급 압력에 따른 분사밸브의 동특성을 살펴보았다.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2020

Unlike a printing process, it is difficult to pattern organic thin films in the longitudinal (coating) direction using a coating process. In this paper, we have investigated the feasibility of patterning organic thin films using needles. To this end, we have slot-coated an aqueous poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) solution in the form of a fine stripe or large area and then applied the dual needle; one for discharging the main solvent of the underlying thin film and the other for sucking the dissolved thin film. We have found that the pattern width and depth increase as the moving speed of the plate decreases. However, it is observed that the sidewall slope is very gentle (the length of the slope is of the order of 200 ㎛) due to the fact that the discharged main solvent is widely spread and then isotropic etching occurs. With this scheme, we have also demonstrated that a fine stripe can be obtained by scanning the dual needle closely. To demonstrate its applicability to solution-processable organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), we have also fabricated OLED with the patterned PEDOT:PSS stripe and observed the insulation property in the strong light-emitting stripe.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.1039-1054
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the seismic performance of weak-axis column-tree type connections used in steel moment frames. These connections are composed of a shop-welded and fieldbolted steel structure and can improve welding quality. On this basis, column-tree type connections are widely used in steel moment resisting frames in Korea and Japan. In this study, splices designed with a semirigid concept regarding the seismic performance of column-tree connections were experimentally evaluated. The structures can absorb energy in an inelastic state rather than the elastic state of the structures by the capacity design method. For this reason, the plastic hinge might be located at the splice connection at the weak-axis column-tree connection by reducing the splice plate thickness. The main variable was the distance from the edge of the column flange to the beam splice. CTY series specimens having column-tree connections with splice length of 600 mm and 900 mm were designed, respectively. For comparison with two specimens with the main variable, a base specimen with a weak-axis column-tree connection was fabricated and tested. The test results of three full-scale test specimens showed that the CTY series specimens successfully developed ductile behavior without brittle fracture until 5% story drift ratio. Although the base specimen reached a 5% story drift ratio, brittle fracture was detected at the backing bar near the beam-to-column connection. Comparing the energy dissipation capacity for each specimen, the CTY series specimens dissipated more energy than the base specimen.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.61-75
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• 1997

The social demand urges us to use some equipments and structures in high temperature environment. By this occasion, the necessity of studying the fatigue crack growth is an important aspect of new materials. However, the present situation is rarely to accumulate the fatigue data. Especially, 1Cr-1Mo-0.25V steel and 304 stainless steel have been increased to be used under the severe condition of high temperature. And so, the fatigue estimation of those materials is important and appropriate. Fatigue tests have been carried out to examine the crack initiation, growth behaviour for the small fatigue crack of 1Cr-1Mo-0.25V steel and 304 stainless steel at room temperature and 538^{\circ}C$. The remote measurement system which has many merits of checking and saving the image for detailed examination was applied to closely detect the crack length. Generally, the fatigue crack initiated in the form of multiple cracks and grew each other. And then it coalesced to become a major crack. The major crack governed the rest of the fatigue life. In the growing process, each peripheral cracks interact and grow for a certain period. After then, it coalesced and fractured. On the basis of the above experimental data for the small crack, a simulation program was developed to predict the residual life time and to estimate the integrity of machine elements and structures. At the same time, the simulation was extended to 1Cr-1Mo-0.25V steel. The simulation results have shown a good agreement to those of the experimental ones for both materials of 1Cr-1Mo-0.25V steel and 304 stainless steel with small cracks. The NASCRAC has applied to compare the fatigue life with the experimental results. And so, it can be said that the simulation program is valuable tools to the industrial fields.