• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2024

The paper proposes a methodology that combines the Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) algorithm and the Point Cloud Encoder-Decoder Network (PCEDNet) algorithm to automatically extract the length of infrastructure elements from point cloud data acquired through 3D LiDAR scans of retaining walls. This methodology is expected to significantly improve time and cost efficiency compared to traditional manual measurement techniques, which are crucial for the data-driven analysis required in the precision-demanding construction sector. Additionally, the extracted positional and dimensional data can contribute to enhanced accuracy and reliability in Scan-to-BIM processes. The results of this study are anticipated to provide important insights that could accelerate the digital transformation of the construction industry. This paper provides empirical data on how the integration of digital technologies can enhance efficiency and accuracy in the construction industry, and offers directions for future research and application.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.82 no.4
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• pp.406-419
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• 1993

In spite of the economical and sivicultural importance, tending methods of natural broad leaf tree have not been established in Korea. In the present study, the structure of crown and biomass of Quercus variabilis were analyzed to obtain the basic information on pruning practice. There was not correlated between clear length of sample tree and tree height and D.B.H. The stratum with the largest leaf and branch weight was lower part of the stratum with the largest branch increment. The degree of contribution of branch to knotless trunk production (${\Delta}{\omega}_B(Z)/{\omega}_B(Z)$ and ${\omega}_L(Z)/{\omega}_B(Z)$) decreased from the upper part to the lower part. As an example of the application of the ecological data to pruning practice, the author attempted to estimate the effect of pruning with this experimental stand. Two methods of pruning were investigated. One is the removal of branches according to a definite external indication such as clear length rate of branch, and the other is the removal of barnches according to a definite height.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.1041-1043
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• 2000

We present the effects of temperature (between 10 K and 298 K) and of hole concentration on the frequency and intensity of characteristic phonons in polycrystalline $La_2CuO_4-related$ compounds using FT-IR spectros-copy. The influences of the concentration of carrier doped on the phonon modes are prominent in the IR spectra of $La_2CuO_4-related$ compounds. For $La_2-xSrxCuO_4({\chi}=$ 0.00, 0.03, 0.07, 0.10, and 0.15) and electrochemically (or chemically) oxidized $La_2CuO_4$, the intensities of the transverse oxygen mode around 680cm $-^1$ which cor-responds mainly to Cu-O(1) stretching vibration in the basal plane of CuO6 octahedron, are decreased and dis-appeared depending on the Sr-substitution rate and the amount of excess oxygen, while the longitudinal oxygen mode around 510 cm $-^1$ corresponding to the Cu-O(2) stretching in the basal plane of CuO6 octahedron are near-ly invariable. In particular, after two cycles of cooling-heating between 10 K and 298 K for these sample, the phonons around 680 cm $-^1$ are blue shif 13-15 cm $-^1$, while the phonons around 510 cm $-^1$ are nearly constant. The introduction of the charge carrier by doping would give rise to the small contraction of CuO6 oc-tahedron as Cu $^3+$ requires a smaller site than Cu $^2+$, which results in the shortening of the Cu-O(1) bond length and Cu-O(2) bond length with the increased La-O(2) bond length. These results in the frequency shift of the characteristic phonons. The IR spectra of $La_2Li0.5Cu0.5O_4$ which exhibits an insulator behavior despite the $Cu^3+$ of nearly 100%, corroborate our IR interpretations. The mode around 710 cm $-^1$ corresponding to Cu-O(1) stretching vibration is still strongly remained even at low temperature (10 K). Thus, we conclude that the con-duction electrons formed within $CuO_2$ planes of $La_2CuO_4-related$ superconductors screen more effectively the transverse oxygen breathing mode around 680 $cm-^1$ depending on the concentration of the doped charge carrier in $La_2CuO_4-related$ compounds, which might use as a superconductivity probe.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 2008

Cancer Osaka thyroid, also known as Tpl-2 (Cot) is a member of the MAP3K kinase family and plays a key role in the regulation of the immune response to pro-inflammatory stimuli such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumour necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$). A series of Cot constructs with an N-terminal 6xHis tag were transiently expressed in HEK293 cells: $Cot_{130-399}$ (kinase domain), $Cot_{1-388}$ (N-terminal and kinase do-mains), $Cot_{1-413}$, $Cot_{1-438}$ (containing a putative PEST sequence), $Cot_{1-457}$ (containing both PEST and degron sequences) and $Cot_{1-467}$ (full-length protein). These Cot proteins were pulled down using an anti-6xHis antibody and separated by 2D electrophoresis. The gels were silver-stained and 21 proteins were detected that did not appear, or had substantially reduced intensity, in the control sample. Three of these were identified by MS and MS/MS analysis as Hsp90, Hsp70 and Grp78. Hsp90 appeared to bind to the kinase domain of Cot and this interaction was further investigated using co-immuno-precipitation with both overexpressed Cot in HEK293 cells and endogenous Cot in Hela cells.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.11 no.1 s.22
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• pp.71-76
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• 2005

The purpose if the study is to apply GIS technique to sample area, Choensoo-Bay basin for an efficient and practical coastal zone management if pollution control. The basins, Unit if pollution control, are selected with qualitative analysis using DEM after considered river length, degree and area of basin through channel network analysis. Choensoo-Bay basin is divided with 6 zones to 33 subordinate zones. It is found to be a big difference of pollutant loads in each zone. The pollutant loads use to review for efficient zoning. And also the result apply to measurement of water quality and building for environmental infrastructure.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.405-407
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• 2008

Functionalized SAB-15 samples by octadecyltrimethoxysilane (OTC) were studied by 13C magic angle spinning (MAS) cross polarization (CP) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In the SBA-15 sample fully functionalized by 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APS) and OTC in 1:1 molar ratio, octadecyl chains were observed to have, on average, more trans conformation than those in the SBA-15 samples fully modified by OTC only. Our results confirm that long chain molecules tend to organize themselves better in the co-presence of short chain molecules on the surface of mesoporous materials by packing of the different length chains in an interdigitized fashion even when the short chains are long enough to have three carbons and a functional group at the ends. In addition, our results indicate that solid-state 13C CP MAS NMR spectroscopy is a simple and non-destructive method to probe the molecular structures of the domains composed of long alkyl chains.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.11-19
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• 1987

A coil pyrolyzer and processor-controlled gas chromatograph were used for analysis of rubber for compounding ratio of the single and blend rubber vlucanizates. Variables such as sample size, pyrolysis temperature, time allowed for pyrolysis, the column packing material, its length and programmable temperature for gas chromatography were examined to obtain optimum condition for application to NR, BR and SBR blends. By application fixed conditions, three kinds of standard curves were finally obtained from thirty samples of blend vulcanizates which were prepared in the pilot plant, NIRI. It is possible to determine rubber composition and their ratio in NR, BR and SBR products by pyrolysis.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1998.07a
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• pp.82-84
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• 1998

The normal zone propagation velocity and minimum quench energy (MQE) of cable-in-conduit conductors (CICC) has been investigated at the different background magnetic fields and supercritical helium pressures. The sample CICC of 2 m in length was fabricated with triplet NbTi/Cu strands inserting into a round stainless-steel tube. The heat pulse disturbance with duration time about 400 ms was acted on the center region of the CICC to quench the strands. The normal zone propagation velocity increased with operating current of the CICC. The measured velocity with respect to operation current could be fitted with numerical results.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.1025-1034
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• 2015

Traditional Shewhart control charts assume that the observations are independent over time. Current progress in measurement and data collection technology lead to the presence of autocorrelated process data that may affect poor performance in statistical process control. One of the most popular charts for autocorrelated data is to model a correlative structure with an appropriate time series model and apply control chart to the sequence of residuals. Model parameters are estimated by an in-control Phase I reference sample since they are usually unknown in practice. This paper deals with the effects of parameter estimation on Phase II control limits to monitor autocorrelated data.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.1610-1615
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• 2007

Genus Sorbus is a long lived woody species that is primarily distributed throughout Asia and Europe. This species is regarded as very important herbal medicines in Korea and China. Sorbus commixta is primarily distributed throughout Europe. We evaluated a representative sample of the four taxa with nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer sequences (ITS) to estimate genetic relationships within genus. Aligned nucleotide sequences of the length of ITS1 were nearly constant within genus Sorbus varying from 219 in S. aucuparia to 218 in the rest species. Especially, the 5.8S subunit of all taxa of Sorbus was found to constant of 165 bp nucleotides. However, aligned nucleotide sequences of the length of ITS2 vary from 240 in S. sambucifolia var. pseudogrcilisto 245 in S. aucuparia. Total alignment length is 629 positions, of which 35 are parsimony-informative, 32 variable but parsimony-uninformative, and 552 constant characters. The base furtherance showed the difference to the by a total taxon: an average A and T are 17.7% and G and C are 30.4%, 34.2%, respectively. All the four taxa beginning with conserved base paired triplets emerging from single strand regions (domain I). Noteworthy, in the RNA secondary structure proposed for the three Korean Sorbus taxa RNA transcript ITS2, which shows a remarkedly well-conserved folding (domain II). When compared to the European Sorbus (S. aucuparia) of ITS2. ITS analysis may be useful in germ-plasm classification several taxa of genus Sorbus.