• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.204-218
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• 1982

본 보고서의 목적은 비등열전달 분야에서 많이 연구되고 있는 Leidenfrost현상에 관한 최근 기술 현황을 검토, 기술하는데 있다. 냉각재 상실사고후 고온표면의 냉각현상에 관계되는 물리적 구조를 이해하는 것은 원자로 안전성 측면에서 중요하므로 이 분야에 많은 관심을 갖게 된다. 조사된 참고 문헌의 이론적 및 실험적 결과를 토대로 높은 압력에서 Leidenfrost온도 해석에 상당한 차이가 있으므로 이 분야에 계속적인 연구가 필요하다는 것을 알았다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2015년도 제49회 하계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.126.1-126.1
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• 2015

A quantitative relationship between Leidenfrost point and surface characteristics such as surface material and roughness is investigated. Based on the relationship, we have fabricated the surfaces with their Leidenfrost points (LFP) tuned by controlling surface coating and structures. As discovered by Leidenfrost, liquids placed on a hot plate levitate on the gas phase-air gap formed by the vaporization of liquids. This phenomenon is called 'Leidenfrost effect'. A change of LFP has attracted many researchers for several years but the ability to tune LFP is still a remaining issue. Many of previous work has progressed for various conditions so the systematic approach and analysis are needed to clearly correlate the LFP and the surface conditions. In this report, we investigate a relation of surface energy and LFP using various coating materials such as Octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) and 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-Perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane (FOTS). Also, we analyze how surface roughness affects LFP via surface micro structuring with ICP-RIE fabrication process. The improved understanding can have potential applications such as the control of liquid droplet behavior at elevated temperatures for efficient cooling system.

• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.20-23
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• 2015

In this experiment, a heterogeneous droplet consisted of de-ionized water and olive oil was made through two 31G injection needles. The injection flow rate was $50{\mu}{\ell}/min$ and the droplet size was 2 mm. The droplet was impinged onto a sapphire plate which was heated up to $300^{\circ}C$ by a heater. Two high speed cameras were used for visualization, and the frame rate was 20,000 fps. A 150W metal halite lamp was used for illumination. The dropping height was fixed to 20 mm and the corresponding Weber number was 10.6 based on water. Due to different boiling points of two liquids, partial boiling features of heterogeneous droplet was observed. At the Leidenfrost condition, micro explosion phenomenon has occurred.

• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.18-25
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• 2020

The droplet impact behavior is dominated by some parameters such as surface temperature, We number, surface and fluid property. Especially, Leidenfrost effect which prevents the contact between surface and droplet is very powerful phenomenon for determining droplet impact behavior. Due to this effect, the impact regime is divided into contact boiling regime and film boiling regime whether the droplet contact with the surface. Many studies have found that surface micro-structures which processed by surface processing are effective to overcome the Leidenfrost effect. In this study, droplet impact behaviors were compared using ethanol both on flat and laser-ablated Al surface. On the flat surface, impact regime was mainly divided by surface temperature. And there is key dominant parameter for each regime. On the laser-ablated surface, we could see changed impact regime and different impact behavior such as jetting and ejection of tiny droplets despite of same impact conditions.

• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.21-26
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• 2012

Hydrophobic characteristics of high temperature metal surface were investigated by high-speed visualization of water droplet impact. An aluminum plate was used as the sample plate and the initial diameter of a water droplet was 2 mm. Transient behavior of a single droplet impinging on the surface with and without heating was captured by using a high speed camera running at 4,000 frames per second. The Leidenfrost phenomenon was demonstrated for the case of $300^{\circ}C$ surface temperature, however there was no rebounding of droplet on the cold plate due to hydrophilic nature. The experimental results show that the shape evolution of a droplet impinging on the surface varies with the Weber number, i.e. the ratio of impact inertia to capillary force. The overall water-repellent characteristics of the heated surface was very similar to that of the super hydrophobic surfaces.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제39권7호
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• pp.567-578
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• 2015

Leidenfrost 온도 이상으로 가열된 벽면과 충돌하는 액적의 속도가 열전달 특성에 미치는 영향에 관한 실험 연구를 수행하였다. 동기화된 초고속 가시화 카메라와 적외선 카메라를 이용하여 벽면과 충돌하는 액적의 충돌 특성과 충돌면의 온도 분포를 측정하였다. 획득한 표면온도 분포를 충돌면의 경계 조건으로 이용하여 가열 벽면의 3차원 비정상 열전도 수치해석을 통해 표면 열유속 분포를 얻었다. 수직방향 충돌속도가 증가할수록 최대 액막 직경이 증가하고 가열 벽면과 액막 사이에 존재하는 증기막의 두께가 감소하여 열전달 효율이 증가하였다. 액적은 웨버수가 30보다 작은 경우 되튐현상이 발생하였으며, 큰 경우 작은 액적들로 분쇄되어졌다. 충돌속도에 의한 열전달량의 증가 경향이 되튐영역에서 분쇄영역에서 가면서 약화되었으며, 이는 분쇄현상에 의해 유효 열전달 면적의 확대 효과가 저감되었기 때문으로 해석된다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.508-519
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• 2020

During transients or accidents, the reactor core is uncovered, and droplets entrained above the quench front collides with the uncovered fuel rod surface. Droplet impact cooling can reduce the peak cladding temperature. Besides zirconium-based cladding, versatile accidental tolerant fuel (ATF) claddings, including FeCrAl, have been proposed to increase the accident coping time. In order to investigate the effect of surface properties on droplet impact cooling of cladding surfaces, the droplet impact phenomena are photographed on the FeCrAl and zircaloy-4 (Zr-4) surfaces under different conditions. On the oxidized FeCrAl surface, the Leidenfrost phenomenon is not observed even when the surface temperature is as high as 550 ℃ with We > 30. Comparison of the impact behaviors observed on different materials shows that nucleate and transition boiling is more intensive on surfaces with larger thermal conductivity. The Leidenfrost point temperature (LPT) decreases with the solid thermal effusivity (${\sqrt{k{\rho}C_p}}$). However, the CHF temperature is relatively insensitive to the surface oxidation and Weber number. Droplet spreading diameter is analyzed quantitatively in the film boiling stage. Based on the energy balance a correlation is proposed for droplet maximum spreading factor. A mechanistic model is also developed for the LPT based on homogeneous nucleation theory.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.459-465
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• 2013

열연 판재 제조과정에서는 제품의 강도와 인성을 제어하기 위해 압연 직후 $800^{\circ}C$ 이상의 고온 소재를 수냉각 방식으로 급속 냉각시킨다. 이 과정에는 소재 표면과 냉각수 사이의 비등 열전달 현상과 소재 표면에 쌓이는 체류수의 자유표면 유동, 소재의 고속 주행 등 매우 복잡한 물리현상들을 포함하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이 모든 물리 현상들을 수치적으로 모델링한 해석 모델을 적용하여 기본 열전달 해석을 수행한다. 실제로 소재는 냉각에 의해 내부에서 오스테나이트로부터 페라이트로 상변태가 일어나고 이로 인해 소재의 국부적인 열물성치의 변화가 발생하지만 본 연구에서는 상변태를 직접 푸는 방법 대신 이미 알려진 소재의 온도에 따른 물성변화 곡선을 이용하여 냉각해석을 수행하고 이를 기존의 일정 물성치 조건에서 해석한 결과와 비교하여 소재의 물성변화가 소재 냉각에 미치는 영향과 상변태 해석의 필요성에 대해 검토하였다.