• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.133-138
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• 2010

Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is rare disease and a variant of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with prevalence of 1 in 500 in the general population. Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with apical aneurysm and intramural thrombus is extremely rare. We report a case of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy progressing to left ventricular apical aneurysm with intramural thrombus diagnosed by contrast echocardiography.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.438-451
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• 1990

Pneumatic total artificial heart[TAH] has been clinically applied for the purpose of permanent or temporary use followed by cardiac transplantation in the patients with end stage heart diseases. In spite of the good durability of the pneumatic TAH, thrombus formation, bleeding and infection resulted in death. The Tomasu heart, which is a type of pneumatic TAH, was used in this study. This model is a modified Jarvik heart and consists of atrial cuffs, outflow vascular grafts and thin-layer seamless diaphragm type of ventricles. Cardiac outputs of the left artificial heart were measured by Donovan`s mock circulation under variable conditions of driving parameters, and an experimental artificial heart implantation was performed in 4 calves to observe the changes of hemodynamic parameters in early postoperative period and hematologic and bio-chemical changes in a long-term survival case. In the mock circulation test, cardiac output of the heart was increased with the increase of the left atrial pressure and left driving pressure. Maximum cardiac output was obtained at the heart rate of 120 to 130/min and percent systole of 40 to 45Zo under the condition of a constant left driving pressure of 180mmHg and left atrial pressure of 10mmHg. During the first 24 hours of TAH pumping, driving pressure ranged from 178$\pm$5mmHg to 187$\pm$8mmHg for the left heart and from 58$\pm$6mmHg to 78$\pm$28mmHg for the right heart. The Mean arterial pressure significantly increased between 2 and 8 hours after the start of pumping. The survival time ranged from 27 hours to 46 days. The causes of death were respiratory failure in 2 cases, mechanical valve failure in one, and left ventricular outflow obstruction due to thrombus in a 46-day survival case. This study demonstrated that Tomasu artificial heart operated effectively during the first 24 hours of artificial heart pumping, but thrombus formation around the valve holding area was the main problem in long-term survival case.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.66-68
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• 1998

27세 남자 환자가 오토바이 사고로 인한 급성전벽 심근경색증으로 내원하였다. 흉부에 손상의 흔적은 없었으며 심초음파검사상 전벽의 이상운동증과 미미한 심낭삼출액이 보였다. 관상동맥조영술상 좌전하행지 근위부에 박리가 있었고, 좌심실조영술상 심첨부에 좌심실류 및 혈전이 관찰되어 관상동맥우회술을 시행하였다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.236-244
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• 1990

To improve the prognosis of mitral valve replacement surgery, analysis and evaluation of pre and intra operative risk factors will be very much valuable. Author studied 205 cases of mitral valve replacement from Feb 1982 to June 1989 for the risk factors of hospital death. 90 patients were male and 115 were female, and age was from 16 to 59 years, Mitral stenosis dominant lesions were 91 cases and regurgitation 114. Suspected risk factors were NYHA functional class, cardiothoracic ratio, implanted valve type and size, operation time, age and sex, thrombus in left atrium, atrial fibrillation, aortic cross clamping time, left ventricular end diastolic and systolic dimension, nephropathy, hepatopathy and respiratory insufficiency. Statistic analysis was performed by X2 test between survivors and death group. Statistical significances as pre and intraoperative risk factors of hospital death after mitral valve replacement were confirmed in those presence of AF on the EKG, NYHA functional class[>IV], cardiothoracic ratio[>70%], and implanted valve size[>33mm]

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제25권12호
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• pp.1404-1415
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• 1992

To understand the factors influencing Atrial fibrillation and embolism in mitral valve surgery and prevent their risk, we have reviewed our 324 patients who underwent mitral valve surgery from Fev. 1982 to May 1992. Age, disease duration, lesion type, left ventricular function and left atrial dimension were chosen as preoperative factors influencing the incidence of atrial fibrillation and embolism and their postoperative course, The number and type of replaced valve, site of atriotmy, LA obliteration, ACT and use of Defibrillator were chaser. as operative factors influencing postoperative rhythm change and postop emb-olization. The results of analyses were as follows 1. The incidence of preoperative atrial fibrillation, systemic embolism and LA throbmus was 63. 6%, 10.56% and 19.8% relatively. 2. The preoperative factors of atrial fibrillation onset was old age, prolonged symptom duration, stenotic lesion, lager LAD and lower ejection fraction. In the preoperative systemic embolism preoperative factors were old age, female, stenotic lesion. The left atrial thrombus found more commonly in patients with atrial fibrillation, old age, prolonged symptom duration, stenotic lesion and low ejection fraction. 3. The preoperative atrial fibriation persisted postoperatively in 165[50.9%] and converted to normal sinus rhythm in 50[15.4%]. The preoperative normal sinus rhythm per-eisted in 100[31%] and atrial fibrillation was occured postoperatively in 9[2.7%]. The prolonged symptom duration was the preoperative factor of persist atrial fibrillation. 4. Among 95 long term follow-up patients, atiral fibrillation was continued in 59[60%]. Conversion to normal sinus rhythm was more common significantly in left atriotomy and bileaflet valve replacement. 5. There were 12 patients who had postoperative embolism. Female, persist atrial fibrillation, no LA olbiteration and tilting disc monocusp valve were considered as possible factors influencing postoperative embolism but was impossible to analyse their statistical significance due to small sample size. So we have concluded that the patients with above risk factors need anticoagulant and early surgical intervention. Left atriotomy with minimal atrial injury, left auricular obliteration and bileaflet valve replacement may be needed to reduce postoperative atrial fibrillation persist and embolism.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.298-302
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• 2014

8년령의 중성화된 잡종 수컷 고양이 (증례 1)와 3년령의 중성화된 샴 수컷 고양이 (증례 2)가 뒷다리 마비, 지속적인 개구호흡, 그리고 객혈 등을 주증으로 내원하였다. 심잡음 (증례 1)과 분마성심음 (증례 2)이 좌측 심저부에서 청진되었으며, 방사선 검사상 증례 1의 경우 폐포패턴을 동반한 심한 공기연하증이, 증례 2에서는 확연한 심비대가 확인되었다. 심초음파 검사에서 두 마리 고양이 모두에서 좌심실과 심실중격의 구심성 비대와 좌심방의 확장이 확인되었다. 심장 초음파를 포함한 검사를 바탕으로 본 환축은 고양이 심근비대증으로 진단되었으며, 신체검사와 복부 초음파 검사를 통하여 병발한 안장색전증을 확인하였다. 일반적인 치료를 통한 환축의 예후가 불량한 점을 감안하여, 직접적인 혈관내 혈전용해술이 시도되었다. 혈관조영술을 통하여 혈전의 위치와 크기를 확인 할 수 있었으나, 광범위한 색전증으로 인하여 중재적 시술을 이용한 혈전용해는 성공적이지 못했다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.225-234
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• 1992

In order to use a low cost polymer valve in our total artificial heart and ventricular assist device, we have developed a slit-type bileaflet polymer valve[BPV 1. The aim of this study is to determine the hydrodynamic effectiveness of the newly-designed BPV and its feasibility for temporary use in the blood pumps. For hydrodynamic comparison, we investigated in-vitro the pressure drop across the valve, the leakage volume, the flow rate and the flow pattern of the BPV, two mechanical valves and a trileaflet polymer valve. We employed the ventriculo-pulmonary bypassing method for in-vivo tests of the BPV's together vilh our electrohydraulic left venIn ricular assist device in mongrel dogs. The BPV showed adquate gydrodynamic performances and in the preliminary animal bests, there was no xvi dence of thrombus formation on the valve leaflets and around the struts. Detailed results obtained from the animal tests will be separately reported. This report involves the design criteria, fabrication and hydrodynamic charateristics of she BPV, and the basic merits and demerits of the valve are dis- cussed from the hydrodynamic point of view.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.359-369
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• 2019

관상동맥 스텐트 혈전증 치료에 있어서 혈소판 당단백 IIb/IIIa 수용체 차단제와 카테터를 이용한 혈전 흡입술을 동시에 시행한 경우의 효과에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 2008년 07월부터 2017년 07월까지의 일대학교병원 심혈관센터에서 경피적 관상동맥 스텐트 삽입술 후 관상동맥 조영술에서 스텐트 혈전증이 발생한 환자 267명($64.6{\pm}12.1$년, 187남자) 그룹 I(혈전용해술과 혈전흡입술 동시 시행한 경우, n=32명), 그룹 II(혈전용해술이나 혈전흡입술 한 가지만 시행한 경우 혹은 둘 다 시행하지 않은 경우, n=235명)로 분류하여 주요심장사건, 사망 발생률, 표적병변 재개통술 그리고 스텐트 혈전 등을 1 년동안 추적 관찰하였다. 두 군간에 임상 특성에서 연령(그룹I: $60.8{\pm}12.9$ vs. 그룹II: $65.1{\pm}11.9$, p=0.603), 남성(그룹I: 75.0% vs. 그룹II: 69.4%, p=0.681), 좌심실구혈율(그룹I: $58.1{\pm}9.0$ vs. 그룹II: $59.5{\pm}11.9$, p=0.127)등 양군 간에 차이는 없었다. 주요 심장사건은 두 군간에 차이를 보이지 않았으나(그룹I: 12.5% vs. 그룹II: 23.8%, p=0.180), 세부적으로 살펴보면 사망발생률(그룹I: 0% vs. 그룹II: 13.2%, p=0.034), 표적병변 재개통술(그룹I: 9.4% vs. 그룹II: 6.4%, p=0.461) 그리고 스텐트 혈전증(그룹I: 3.1% vs. 그룹II: 4.7%, p=1000)으로, 사망발생률은 혈소판 당단백 IIb/IIIa 수용체 차단제와 혈전흡입술을 동시에 시행한 군에서 유의하게 낮았다. 결론적으로, 관상동맥 스텐트 혈전증 치료에 있어 혈전용해술과 혈전흡입술을 동시 시행하는 경우에 비교군보다 사망 발생율을 감소시켰다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.422-434
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• 1980

Since 1968 up to the end of October 1980, 448 valves were replaced in 354 patients in Seoul National University Hospital. There were 238 mitral, 38 aortic, 7 tricuspid, 45 aortic with mitral, 23 tricuspid with mitral, and 3 triple valve replacement aortic mitral and tricuspid cases. Annual increase of mitral valve replacement cases and decrease of operative maortality were remarkable. Recently operative mortality of mitral valve replacement is about 5%. Sex ratio of mitral valve replacement is almost equal and there were 12 cases of pediatric patients (5%) among 238 cases, and patients under the age of 20 years were 34 (14.3%). Mitral valve replacement was done for 199 single mitral, 38 double valve and one triple valve lesions. Among 238 mitral valve replacement paients left atrial thrombus in 23(9.7%), atrial fibrillation in 132 (55.5%), and reoperation after blind mitral commissurotomy in 12(5%) cases were noted. In recent cases bioprosthetic valves, mainly lonescu-shiley valve were utilized to overcome the difficulties of postoperative late complications in anticoagnuation, especially for the rural patients and pediatric cases, in addition to the hemodynamic advantages of lonesocu valve. Among 354 patients 16 cases were congenital heart anomaly related, 5 ventricular septal defect related aortic and 4 Ebstein related tribuspid valve replacement cases. There were 2 congenital anomaly related mitral valve replacements, one for congenital mitral insufficiency of 7 years old boy and one for corrected transposition of the great vessels associated with mitral insufficiency. Among total 354 valve replacements 49 operative deaths (13.3%) were noted and in 238 mitral valve replacement 24 operative deaths occurred (10.1%). In 39 patients among 354 total valve replacements late complications were found. In 238 mitral valve replacement cases late complications were noted in 26 patients, among whom 16 cases expired. Main late complications were thrombe-embolism, subacute becteerial endocarditis, arrythmia cerebral hemorrhage due to unsatisfactory anticoagulation, and congestive heart failure in the incipient period of valve replacement were also noted. In mitral valve replacement cases long-term survival rate was 83.2% who showed marked clinical improvement. Ther were no evidences of calcification during the 2 years follow-up period for the lonescu-valve replacement cases among 19 pediatric patients. In conclusion 238 cases of mitral valve replacement were done with 24 operative deaths and 26 late complication cases among whom 16 expired. The long term survival was 83.2% of the cases. In pediatric cases in place of coumadin anticoagulation Persantin **** 75 and aspirin were administered after valve replacement. In adult cases who have difficulaties with coumadin anticoagulation and for those even with bioprosthetic heart valve replacement who needs long-term or permanent anticoagulation persantin 75 and aspirin combination regimen were administered with antisfactory results.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.287-292
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• 1997

심방세동은 가장 흔한 부정맥 질환으로서,특히 승모판막 질환이 있는 경우에는 60%에 이르는높은 빈도의 유병율을 보이는데,심방세동 환자의 약 113에서 혈전 색전증을 일으키고,혈전 색전증이 생긴 환자의 약 60%에서는 사망에 이르거나 심각한 합병증이 초래되므로 심장질환에 대한 수술시,동반 심 방세동에 대한 적극적 인 치료가 고려되어야 한다. 서울대학교병원 흉부외과학교실에서는 1994년 4월부터 1995년 6월까지 심방세동을 동반한 심장질환 을 가진 20명의 환자에서 Maze 술식을 포함한 개심술을 시행하였다 대상환자들의 남녀 성비는 남 '녀 : 6 : 14 이 었으며, 평균연령은 48$\pm$11세 (31 ~66세) 였다. 1년이상 지 속된 만성 심방세동이 14례(70%)였고, 1년미만인 경우가 6례(30%)였으며,심방세동의 과거력은 평균 36$\pm$42개월(1~132개월)이었다. 수술전 혈전전색증의 과거력이 있었던 경우가 7례(35%), 좌심방내에 혈전이 있었던 경우가 9례(45%)였다. 동반 심장질환으로는 판막질환이 19례,심실중격결손증이 1례였 으며, Maze술식과 더불어 승모판막 및 대동맥판막 치환술이 5례, 승모판막 치환술을 시행한 경우가 4 fl, 승모판막 치환술 및 삼첨판\ulcorner 성형술 4례, 승모판막 성형술 3례, 승모판막 성형술 및 삼첨판막 성형 술이 1례, 승모판막 치환술 및 관상동맥 우회술이 1례, 대동맥판막 치환술 1례, 심실중격결손봉합술이 1례 였다. 대동맥차단시간은 평균 175 :41분(116~270분)이었다. 수술과 관련된 사망은 없었으며, 수술 후 심방세동의 재발이 16명(80%)에서 있었으나, 수술후 평균 41일째 규칙적인 심박동 소견을 보였다. 수술후 합병증으로서는 저심박출증을 보였던 경우가 3례 (15%), 술전 존재하였던 반신불수의 악화가 1 례, 그리고 급성 신부전이 1례씩 관찰되었다. 20명의 외래추적 관찰기간은 평균 16.5개월(10.5~24개월) 이었는데, 외래 추적기간 중 모든 환자에서 규칙적인 심박동의 소견을 보였으며, 정상 동방결절리듬을 보인 경우 17례 (85%)중에서 항부정맥제의 투여가 필요 없는 경우가 13례 (76%)이고 나머지 4례에서는 항부정맥제를 투여중이며, 접합부 율동을 보이는 3례 (15%) 중 2례에서는 항부정맥제를 투.i중이고, 1 례는 접합부 서맥으로 인공심박동기 (DDD-R type : AAI mode)의 삽입이 필요했다. 추적기간 중에 심에 코검사는 19명에서 시행하였는데, 우심방 수축력이 보이는 경우가 1 례 (95%) 이었고, 좌심방 수축력은 12례 (63%)에서 명백히 관찰되 었다. 심장질환에 대한 개심술시 Maze술식을 동반시행할 경우심장허혈시간이 길어지는 단점이 있으나, 최근의 발달된 심근보호법의 적용으로 수술에 따른 위험을 최소화할 수 있으므로 심방세동의 적극적 인 치료를 고려하여야 할 것으로 사료된다.