• Title/Summary/Keyword: Lee Sam

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Satellite Tracking of Green Sea Turtles Chelonia mydas in Korean Waters (한국연안의 푸른바다거북(Chelonia mydas) 인공위성표지방류)

  • Moon, Dae-Yeon;An, Yong-Rock;Jung, Min-Min;Kim, Sam-Yeon;Choi, Seok-Kwon;Lee, Hae-Young;Yoo, Jun-Taek;Kim, Moon-Jin
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.44 no.6
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    • pp.709-716
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    • 2011
  • To investigate the distribution and migrations of sea turtles occurring in Korean waters, an adult female green sea turtle Chelonia mydas was tagged with a satellite transmitter and released at Busan in October 2009. The confirmation was made for the first time that the released green sea turtle migrated back to Korea after visiting Jeju Island and Japan for approximately 9 months. The green sea turtle spent the winter in Jeju and Japan because of low water temperatures in the East Sea and South Sea during winter months, which were not suitable for turtle survival. Compared with an immature green sea turtle that was released at Jeju Island, the adult green showed a markedly different migration pattern, suggesting that juvenile and adult greens move differently because of their peculiar life cycle and their stage of maturity, in addition to responses to temperature changes. Additional satellite tracking with increased representation of species, sexes and sizes of turtles, and regions is required to gather information on the distribution and movements of sea turtles in Korean waters.

Genetic Characterization of β-lactamase (VPA0477) in Vibrio parahaemolyticus (장염비브리오가 보유하는 β-lactamase (VPA0477)의 유전학적 특성)

  • Lee, Nam-Hyung;Song, Hyun-Jung;Park, Chang-Soo;Kim, Hee-Dai;Park, Kwon-Sam
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.44 no.6
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    • pp.597-604
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    • 2011
  • Using 108 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from seawater, we investigated ampicillin-resistance profiles and the genetic characterization of ${\beta}$-lactamase (VPA0477). All of the strains studied, except one strain, were resistant to ampicillin. However, the strain that was susceptible to ampicillin had the same ${\beta}$-lactamase gene as the ampicillin-resistant strains. We compared ${\beta}$-lactamase promoter region sequences among five strains, including both ampicillin-resistant and -susceptible strains. In the susceptible strain, a nucleotide at position -19 in the methionine initiation codon for ${\beta}$-lactamase was not present in the ampicillin-resistant strains. The genes in the region containing the gene VPA0477 were present in all of the tested strains, and LA-PCR analysis showed that the distance between VPA0474 and VPA0479 in all of the V. parahaemolyticus samples was precisely 5.7 kb. In V. parahaemolyticus ${\beta}$-lactamase, four important structural features that are conserved in Class A ${\beta}$-lactamases were present in the deduced amino acid sequences. Taken together, our study demonstrates that V. parahaemolyticus ${\beta}$-lactamase is included in the Class A ${\beta}$-lactamase group, and some nucleotides within the promoter region are of particular importance for ${\beta}$-lactamase activity.

Effect of Plant Roots Penetration and Watertightness of Asphalt Sheet according to the Cracks Width of Press Concrete (콘크리트 균열폭에 따른 녹화 식물 뿌리 침입 및 방수층의 수밀성에 미치는 영향)

  • Um, Tae-Ho;Kim, Young-sam;Lee, Jong-suk;Shin, Hong-chul;Kim, Young-geun
    • Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.112-117
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    • 2016
  • For artificial ground greening construction without root-proofing layer, this research reviewed the effect on watertightness of asphalt waterproofing layer by plant roots penetration based on crack width, and crack penetrated roots. Experiment on concrete crack width was performed with three conditions such as 0.15, 0.30, and 0.45 mm, and all three conditions confirmed that all plant roots penetrations were made through crack area in 12 ~ 18 months. In addition, according to evaluation of effects on waterproofing layer by crack penetrated plant roots and in condition of 0.45 mm crack width, it indicated that penetration is made on asphalt waterproofing layer in 12 months due to roots penetration.

FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF STRESS AND TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION AFFECTED BY VARIOUS RESTORATIVE AND BASE MATERIAL (수복재와 이장재에 따른 응력과 온도 분포의 유한 요소 분석)

  • Lee, Jae-young;Oh, Tae-Suk;Lim, Sung-Sam
    • Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.321-337
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    • 2000
  • Dental caries, one of the most frequent dental disease, become larger because it can be thought as a simple disease. Further more, it can progress to unexpected root canal therapy with fabrication of crown that needs reduction of tooth structure. Base is required in a large caries and ZOE, ZPC, glass ionomer are used frequently as base material. They, with restorative material, can affect the longevity of the restoration. In this study, we assume that the mandibular 1st molar has deep class I cavity. So, installing the 3 base material, 3 kinds of fillings were restored over the base as follows; 1) amalgam only, 2) amalgam with ZPC, 3) amalgam with ZOE, 4) amalgam with GI cement, 5) gold inlay with ZPC, 6) gold inlay with GI cement, 7) composite resin only, 8) composite resin with GI cement. After develop the 3-dimensional model for finite element analysis, we observe the distribution of stress and temperature with force of 500N to apical direction at 3 point on occlusal surface and temperature of 55 degree, 15 degree on entire surface. The analyzed results were as follow : 1. Principal stress produced at the interface of base, dentin, cavity wall was smallest in case of using GI cement as base material under the amalgam. 2. Principal stress produced at the interface of base, dentin, cavity wall was smaller in case of using GI cement as a base material than ZPC under gold inlay. 3. Composite resin-filled tooth showed stress distributed over entire tooth structure. In other words, there was little concentration of stress. 4. ZOE was the most effective base material against hot stimuli under the amalgam and GI cement was the next. In case of gold inlay, GI cement was more effective than ZPC. 5. Composite resin has the small coefficient of thermal conductivity. So, composite resin filling is the most effective insulating material.

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AN ACOUSTIC ANALYSIS OF ABNORMAL PRONUNCIATION IN CHILDREN WITH ANTERIOR CROSSBITE (전치부 반대교합아동의 발음장애에 관한 음향학적 연구)

  • Park, Jeong-Sam;Jang, Ki-Jaeg;Lee, Sang-Hoon;Kim, Chong-Chul;Shon, Dong-Su;Kim, Jin-Tae;Hahn, Se-Hyun
    • Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.375-388
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    • 1996
  • It has widely known for speech problem in patients with malocclusion, but there have been insufficient studies on degrees of severity. Patients with openbite and Cl III malocclusion usually have speech problem. It has widely known that fricative /s/is pronunciated most abnormally in Cl III malocclusion than any other consonant. Therefore 20 children with anterior crossbite were selected for study groups and 40 children with normal anterior occlusion were selected for control group. 7 sounds such as / 사(sa), 서($s{\delta}$), 소(so), 수(su), 스($s{\omega}$), 시(si), 세(se) / were recorded, and the formants and formants ratios were measured by using Sensimetric Speech Station, which is speech analyzing program in IBM PC. The results were as follows : 1. In anterior crossbite group, F1 of all 7 sounds were significantly higher than normal anterior relationship group(p<0.05). 2. There were no significant difference in F2 between two groups except / 소(so), 수(su)/(p>0.05). 3. In anterior crossbite group, F2/F1 ratio of all 7 sounds were significantly smaller than normal anterior relationship group(p<0.05). 4. There were no significant difference in accordance with tongue position(p>0.05).

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Studies on the Substitution of Raw Material for Soy Sauce -Part III. Use of Corn and Barley- (간장양조용 원료대체에 관한 연구 -III. 옥수수와 겉보리의 이용-)

  • Lee, Jai-Moon;Kim, Yu-Sam;Hong, Yun-Myung;Yu, Ju-Hyun
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.4 no.3
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    • pp.182-186
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    • 1972
  • The possibility of substituting corn or barley for the wheat, one of the raw materials for soy sauce, was studied by measuring the amylase and proteolytic activities of koji. Also optimum conditions of koji making were determined. It was found that substitution of up to 60% of wheat content (of the total bean and wheat content) with corn, yielded good quality of soy sauce. It is also found that barley can substitute 70% of wheat content (35% of the total content).

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Freshness Prolongation of Crisphead Lettuce by Vacuum Cooling and Cold-Chain System (진공예냉과 저온유통에 의한 양상추의 선도 연장)

  • Kim, Byeong-Sam;Kim, Dong-Chul;Lee, Se-Eun;Nahm, Gung-Bae;Jeong, Jin-Woong
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.546-554
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    • 1995
  • Vacuum cooling of crisphead lettuce by pilot-scale vacuum cooling apparatus, transportation under the conventional and cold-chain systems and distribution were carried out for its freshness prolongation and application of cold-chain system for fresh fruits and vegetables. Changes in temperatures of crisphead lettuce were also measured during transportation. $Q_{10}$ value for respiration rate of crisphead lettuce was $1.7{\sim}2.4$ and its initial freezing point was $-0.2^{\circ}C$. Cooling the vegetable to $0^{\circ}C$ was possible in less than 30 minutes by vacuum cooling. The shelf-life was extended by more than 90% by the combination of vacuum cooling and low temperature distribution.

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Protein Methylase II from Chicken Pancreas: Purification and Properties (닭 췌장 Protein Methylase II의 분리정제 및 성질)

  • Yoo, Tae-Moo;Namkoong, Suck-Min;Hong, Sung-Youl;Lee, Hyang-Woo
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
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    • v.35 no.6
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    • pp.473-482
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    • 1991
  • Protein methylase II (S-adenosyl-L-methionine:protein carboxyl-O-methyltransferase; EC 2.1.1.24., PM II) was purified from chicken pancreas by subcellular fractionation, DEAE-cellulose chromatography, QAE-Sephadex A-50 chromatography, Sephadex G-75 chromatography, and Sephadex G-75 rechromatography. The purified PM II gave a single band upon polyarcrylamide gel electrophoresis both in the presence of SDS and in Tris glycine buffer without SDS. The pI value of purified PM II was identified as 5.7 on isoelectric focusing gel. Properties and activities of PM II were studied and the following results were obtained. 1) PM II from chicken pancreas was purified approximately 221-fold with a yield of 1.3%. 2) The purified PM II appear constituted of a single polypeptide chain of a molecular weight 46,800 daltons. 3) Hemoglobin exhibited the highest of methyl-accepting activity among the substrates tested. 4) The purified PM II has a $K_m$ of $4.67{\times}10^{-6}M$ and a $V_{max}$ of 37.5 pmoles of $methyl-^{14}C/min./mg$ enzyme for $SAM^{-14}CH_3$ as methyl donor in the presence of histone type II-As. 5) It is found that S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine is a competitive inhibitor for PM II with $K_i$ value of $3.23{\times}10^{-5}M$.

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Expression Profiling of Lipopolysaccharide Target Genes in RAW264.7 Cells by Oligonucleotide Microarray Analyses

  • Huang, Hao;Park, Cheol-Kyu;Ryu, Ji-Yoon;Chang, Eun-Ju;Lee, Young-Kyun;Kang, Sam-Sik;Kim, Hong-Hee
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.29 no.10
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    • pp.890-897
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    • 2006
  • In inflammatory responses, induction of cytokines and other immune regulator genes in macrophages by pathogen-associated signal such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plays a crucial role. In this study, the gene expression profile changes by LPS treatment in the macrophage/monocyte lineage cell line RAW264.7 was investigated. A 60-mer oligonucleotide microarray of which probes target 32381 mouse genes was used. A reverse transcription-in vitro translation labeling protocol and a chemileuminescence detection system were employed. The mRNA expression levels in RAW264.7 cells treated for 6 h with LPS and the control vehicle were compared. 747 genes were up-regulated and 523 genes were down-regulated by more than 2 folds. 320 genes showing more than 4-fold change by LPS treatment were further classified for the biological process, molecular function, and signaling pathway. The biological process categories that showed high number of increased genes include the immunity and defense, the nucleic acid metabolism, the protein metabolism and modification, and the signal transduction process. The chemokine-cytokine signaling, interleukin signaling, Toll receptor signaling, and apoptosis signaling pathways involved high number of genes differentially expressed in response to LPS. These expression profile data provide more comprehensive information on LPS-target genes in RAW264.7 cells, which will be useful in comparing gene expression changes induced by extracts and compounds from anti-inflammatory medicinal herbs.

호스피스 완화의료 교육이 가정 호스피스에 미치는 영향

  • Mun, Do-Ho;Choe, Hwa-Suk;Park, Jun-Hui;Lee, O-Suk;Kim, Yeong-Sil
    • Korean Journal of Hospice Care
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2004
  • Purpose: This research aims to assess the effect of group education of hospice and palliative care program on recognition of home hospice care for terminal cancer patients and their family members. Methods: The terminal cancer patients or their family members who have visited Sam Anyang Hospital from January to September in 2004 participated in group education of hospice and palliative care program on one time a week. Of those, 32 patients or family members who were called education group has participated in group education more than 4 times and responded to a questionnaire. Sixty three patients or family members who were called non-education group have never participated in group education of hospice and palliative care program during the same period. Data were collected and done comparative analysis about both group. Results: A knowledge difference on definition of hospice and palliative care come out 29 people(91%) in education group and 26 people(41%) in non-education group. The recognition of home hospice care in education group(32 people, 100%) was significantly higher than non-education group(15 people,24%). A intention to home hospice care in education group(23 people, 72%) was significantly higher than non-education group(10 people,16%) and practically number of home hospice care was 15 people(50%) in education group and 8(13%) in non-education group. The recognition about cancer of patients was not significant differences in both group. People that the response to the question about 'Did you let your patient know to be the terminal cancer patient?' is 'yes' was 12 people(38%) in education group and 13(21%) in non-education group. Patients in education group had insight about terminal cancer significantly higher than non-education group. Conclusion: If we educated effective hospice and palliative care program in terminal cancer patients or their family members, we think the recognition of cancer and hospice and palliative care improve, and the home hospice care be activated more and more.

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