• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2005

This study applied EK method to remediate contaminated soil by lead (Pb), tried increasing efficiency of remediation using adsorbent (apatite and zeolite) as enhanced EK remediation method to overcome the limit of traditional EK remediation method. Adsorption tests on Pb were practiced to extract EK, making different concentration of contaminated soil, voltage condition, operating time etc., transferring Pb-ion into the position of adsorbent, then tried immobilization. On this results, the efficiency of remediation is different on its test conditions. In addition, the efficiency of remediation was not only improved by adding electrode revεrsal and install position of adsorbent but also satisfied TCLP regulation of EPA in USA through the whole sample range. Finally, absorption and immobilization capacity of apatite and zeolite proved on its excellence and confirmed the possibility of application of apatite and zeolite as enhanced EK remediation method.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.141-147
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• 2001

This study was carried out to find out whether there exists any content variation in 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) among regional and varietal mulberry leaves. HPLC analysis was performed for 22 samples collected from several localities in Korea and Tsushima Islands Japan. The highest content was observed in the Cheongilppong sample collected at Youngchun City, Kyungsangbuk Province (1,882.7 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g DW), whereas lowest content was observed in the Cheongilppong sample collected at Jiniu City, Kyungsangnam Province (395.65 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g DW). In the comparison of regional samples of Kaeryangppong variety, DNJ content was highest in the order of Woniu City (1,460.1) > Boungun (999.85) > Hweongsung-gun (939.12) > Cheongju City (688.78). In case of Cheongilppong, DNJ content was highest in the order of Youngchun City (1.882.8) > Sanchung-gun (1,125.3) > Sunchon City (649.17) > Byunsan-myon (441.54) > Jinju City (395.65). Average content of regional samples was higher in Kaeryangppong (1,021.7 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g DW) than that of Cheongilppong (898.87 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g DW). Average DNJ content of the wild mulberry loaves collected from Cheju Island and Tsushima Island (1,012.9$\mu\textrm{g}$/g DW) was high enough to reach to that of the regional Kaeryangppong samples. In the comparison among varietal samples collected in Suwon, the highest DNJ content was observed in YK209 (768.16 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g DW), amongst overall low DNJ content of the varietal samples. Considering a few pieces of information from our data, DNJ content appears not to be influenced solely by annual temperature of the planted areas.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.180-188
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• 2015

To investigate the tendency of $Li^+$ exchange from polar organic solvents, $Li^+$-ion exchange into zeolite Y (Si/Al = 1.56) was attempted by undried methanol (crystal 1) and formamide (crystal 2) solvent. Two single crystals of Na-Y were treated with 0.1 M LiNO3 in each of the two solvents at 323 K, followed by vacuum dehydration at 723 K. Their structures were determined by single-crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction techniques in the cubic space group $Fd{\bar{3}}m$, at 100(1) K. In both structures, $Li^+$ for $Na^+$ ions filled preferentially sites I' and II. The remaining $Na^+$ ions occupied sites I', II, and III' in both structures, in additional to above sites, and $Na^+$ ions occupied site I in crystal 2. While the 68 % exchange of $Li^+$ for $Na^+$ was achieved from undried methanol, only 40 % exchange was observed from undried formamide, indicating that the undried methanol was more effective than undried formamide as solvent for $Li^+$ exchange under the conditions employed.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.17-20
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• 2011

The average life expectancy has continuously increased with the development of medical industry. As women get older, they experience the deficit of estrogen caused by decreased function of ovarian. Specifically, they suffer from temporary fever because of unstable vasomotion and, in the long term experience, degeneration of urogenital organs, tooth loss, arteriosclerosis, demantia, snores and so on. Because of these symptoms the estrogen medical supply is getting required. Along with this, many studies have conducted to find out substitutional medicals without any side effects. This research was carried out to find out such substitutable materials. For the purpose of study, we examined the change of estrogen using the rats fed with the pupa powder immediately before the eclosion, eclosed adult, the pupa extract immediately before the eclosion, and the silkworm powder prepared at $3^{rd}$ day of $5^{th}$ instar. The result showed no significant chance in weight, feeding and water intake quantity among variables. However, the estrogen hormone secretion effects was very high at 73 pg/ml in the rats fed with the freeze-dried powder of the Yeonnokjam male pupa prepared immediately before the eclosion, compared with the control at 59 pg/ml. The next was Yangwonjam male adult at 71 pg/ml.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.365-370
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• 2008

This study was performed to investigate the influence of extracts from mixed culture with Tricholoma matsutake mycelium and Cordyceps militaris mycelium on hypoglycemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Experimental animals were divided into 7 groups : normal control group(NC), diabetes control group (DC), positive control group(PC), non-fermented OCM(oriental medicine & cereal medium) extracts group (UM), crude polysaccharide of non-fermented OCM extracts group (UME), fermented OCM extracts group (UF), crude polysaccharide of fermented OCM extracts group (UFE). NC, DC groups were orally administered saline, PC group was orally administered acarbose. UM, UME, UF, UFE groups were orally administered each extract once a day for 14days. Blood glucose level was lower in the all administering OCM extract groups (UM, UME, UF, UFE) than in the diabetes group(p<0.05), and specially UF, UFE groups were similar to tendency of PC group. ALT, ALP activity in OCM groups were not significantly lowered than PC group(p<0.05). AST activity was not different with PC group. The results of this study show that extracts from mixed culture with Tricholoma matsutake mycelium and Cordyceps militaris mycelium may have a beneficial effect on the hypoglycemia.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.136-136
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• 1998

L-asparaginyl and L- aspartyl residues in proteins are subject to spontaneous degradation reactions generating isomerized and racemized aspartyl derivatives. Proteins containing L-isoaspartyl and D-aspartyl residues usually have altered structures and diminished biological activities. These residues can be recognized and be repaired to normal L-aspartyl residues by protein L-isoaspartyl methyltransferase(PIMT), which is present at high levels in testis. Although testicular PIMT have been shown to be involved in either sperm motility or sperm maturation, it may play an important role in the repair of damaged sperm proteins during the prolonged period of epididymal transport and storage. In the present study, as a initial step toward elucidating the function of protein carboxylmethylation in testis, we purified PIMT from porcine testicular cytosol as a momeric 27,000 Da species by ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-sephacel chromatography, SAH-liganded affinity chromatography, and gel filtration chromatography. The optimum pH for the reaction was 6.0. $K_{m}$ values of the enzyme for the S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM), synthetic oligopeptide(VYP-L-isoD-HA) and histone type II-As were 1.0 ${\mu}$M, 33.2 ${\mu}$M and 276 ${\mu}$M respectively. Consequently, properties of the porcine testicular PIMT is similar to that of other mammalian PIMTs.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.57-61
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• 2012

The matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family is involved in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix during normal physiological processes such as embryonic development, reproduction, and tissue remodeling, as well as in disease processes such as pathological aging, arthritis, and metastasis. Oxidative conditions generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) (e.g., hydrogen peroxide [$H_2O_2$]) in cells, which subsequently induce the synthesis of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1). MMP-1, an interstitial collagenase, in turn stimulates an aging phenomenon. In this study, baicalein (5,6,7-trihydroxyfl avone) was investigated for its in vitro activity against $H_2O_2$-induced damage using a human skin keratinocyte model. Baicalein pretreatment signifi cantly inhibited $H_2O_2$-induced up-regulation of MMP-1 mRNA, MMP-1 protein expression and MMP-1 activity in cultured HaCaT keratinocytes. In addition, baicalein decreased the transcriptional activity of activator protein-1 (AP-1) and the expression of c-Fos and c-Jun, both components of the heterodimeric AP-1 transcription factor. Furthermore, baicalein reduced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK), which are upstream of the AP-1 transcription factor. The results of this study suggest that baicalein is involved in the inhibition of oxidative stress-induced expression of MMP-1 via inactivation of the ERK/JNK/AP-1 signaling pathway.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.253-258
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• 2005

A 3-year-old male lion at Gwangju Uchi Zoo presented for acute onset of haemorrhagic diarrhea and died. The lion showed reddening of the anus as the cause of haemorrhagic enteritis. Necropsy revealed a severe haemorrhagic colitis. Grossly, lesions included icterus, excess pericardial fluid. dark kidneys, and an enlarged, friable liver. The intestines were flaccid, thin-walled, dilated, and 9as-filled. The spleen was enlarged and pulpy because of congestion. Most of organs were rapidly postmortem autolysis. Histopathologically, the intestines were edema and transient leukocyte infiltration of the lamina propria, followed by necrosis. Especially of the intestinal submucosa was edematous, haemorrhagic, or filled with leukocytes. The crypts remained intact or dilated. C perfringens was isolated from a lion at bloody feces, and identified C perfringens type A, confirming the presence of C perfringens $\alpha-toxin$ by PCR. These results were suggested that the case were diagnosed as enterotoxicosis in the lion. More studies are needed on lion enterotoxemia. especially of its etiopathogenesis, in order to develop more efficient prevention for this disease.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.259-265
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• 2005

The melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) encoded by the coat color extension gene (E) plays a key role in the signaling pathway of melanin synthesis. The primers for the amplification of bovine MC1R gene were designed based on a bovine MC1R gene sequence (GenBank accession no. Y19103). A size of 483bp (482bp for Hanwoo) was amplified by PCR, digested with Hpa II restriction enzyme and electrophoresed in $1.5\%$ agarose gel. When the amplified DNA product (483 bp) was digested with Hpa II restriction enzyme, Hanwoo meat showed a single band of 482bp, whereas two fragments of 325bp and 158bp were detected in Holstein, Angus and meat of Hanwoo / Holstein cross cow having back coat color phenotype, respectively. The results of this experiment Indicate that new designed primers of bovine MCIR gene may be useful for identification of Hanwoo meat from Holstein, Black Angus and Hanwoo / Holstein cross cow meat.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.135-139
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• 1994

In the year 1992/93 leucocytozoonosis could be first diagnbosed in 87 chickens of 4 chicken farms in Honam districts. The diagnosis was confirmed by detection of the blood merozoites or gametocytes and histological finding of the schizonts from various organs with some clinical signs. Cases of leucocytozoonosis only occurred from the end of June to the middle of September. Artificial infection could be observed by means of inoculation of infected blood merozoites. The schizonts were found in the liver and cardiac muscle of the different chickens recovered from the natural infection, respectively, in September and next February. Thus the relapse or long-term infection in cold seasons might be possible. The unique gametocyte antigen polypeptide was 50.1 kD.