• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.63-67
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• 2009

To increase utilities as functional materials, 173 strains of silkworm genetic resources in the form of silkworm powder were evaluated for antioxidative capacity, with minilum L-100 device and ARAW-KIT (anti-radical ability of water soluble substance). Silkworm powder was prepared with freezing method from silkworms at 5th instar 3rd day larvae. All strains of silkworm powder were prepared with 80% methanol extraction. The data of pupation rate, longevity of silkmoth with origin and voltinism were used for data base of silkworm genetic resources. The weight of a silkworm larva with freezing method at 5th instar 3rd day was measured. The average of antioxidative capacity of 173 silkworm strains was 429.68 nmol. The analysis of correlation among variables was significant, showing negative correlation of the antioxidative capacity with longevity of silk moth and weight of 5th instar silkworm larva. The strains from the tropic, Europe and some other origins were comparatively high. In conclusion, short longevity and low weight of 5th instar silkworm larvae showed comparatively effective antioxidative capacity.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.15-19
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• 2013

Antheraea pernyi silkworm is one of typical wild silkworms, which spins a tawny color cocoon. The cocoon has been used as a resource for textile material due to strong chemical stability and good mechanical properties. In this study, to increase the solubility efficiency of A. pernyi silk fibroin, the composition of dissolution solvent were examined. Calcium chloride tertiary system, normally used for dissolution of Bombyx mori silk fibroin, does not act on A. pernyi silk fibroin. Calcium nitrate system dissolves A. pernyi silk fibroin, and calcium nitrate ethanol system do more easily than calcium nitrate system. Amino acid composition of A. pernyi silk fibroin obtained after dissolution is mainly composed of alanine, glycine, and serine. A. pernyi silk fibroin would be used for non-textile applications near future.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.55-62
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• 1994

The mend for fabric products has been increased remarkably with increasing population, housings, mutistory buildings,...and etc. during the last two decades. However, since fabrics are highly combustible and can produce toxic gases during the combution, fabric products can result in serious human injury as well as financial damage. Acknowledged by this, a new phosphorus based flame retardant suitable for PET fabric has been synthesized by making use of the reaction of diphenyl chloro phosphate and hexamethylenediamine. Since the starting meterials are relatively cheap and the yield of this reaction is high (more than 90%), this reaction seems to be very effective as wall as very economic. By analyzing various spectrophotometric analysis data such as NMR, FT-IR, and Mass, this new flame retardant is identified to be N,N’-Bis(diphenyl chlorophosphoro)diamino hexane. In the mean time, DSC measurement has shown that the melting point and the boiling point of this material are around 115$^{\circ}C$ and around 40$0^{\circ}C$, respectively. The flame retardancy test done on the PET fabric processed by this flame retardant have shown excellent in times of flame contact, times of flame contact for washable. The most economical finishing condition estimated 10% in concentration of BDPDH, Moreover, it has been also found that the drape stiffness of the PET fiber processed by the flame retartant is changed very litter compared to the unprocessed original PET fabrics. Judging from this, the potential of this new phosphrdus based compond as a flame retardant for PET fabric seems to be high.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.272-275
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• 2000

Winter green manure crops including legume increase grain yield of subsequent crop and substitute N fertilizer requirement with organic-No Hairy vetch grows vigorously and can provide N-rich green manure for corn with its soil incorporation after wintering. But, grain yield of corn as succeeding crop would be reduced if its planting time is delayed until late spring. This experiment was carried out to find the proper incorporation time of hairy vetch green manure and planting time of subsequent corn in cropping system with winter hairy vetch(green manure)-summer corn. Hairy vetch was incorporated into soil at a ten-day interval between April 10 and May 10 and corn was planted at 5 days after each hairy vetch incorporation. Soil nitrate concentration on April 10 and 20 in hairy vetch plot was slightly lower than that at winter fallow. Above-ground dry matter and organic-N of hairy vetch increased linearly with delayed hairy vetch incorporation time from April 10 to May 10. Average dry matter and organic-N produced by hairy vetch were 5.7 ton/ha and 248 kgN/ha, respectively. Corn growth and yield decreased as delayed corn planting time after May in spite of increasing dry matter and N-yield of hairy vetch. Nitrogen concentration of corn grain, stalk and whole plant at harvest were the highest in May 5 planting, but total N-uptake of May 5 planting were not different from that of April 25 planting because of lower grain yield. It was concluded that the proper incorporation time of hairy vetch and corn planting time were April 20 and April 25, respectively, because grain yield was the highest and corn could use hairy vetch-N effectively to produce dry matter.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.345-351
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• 2011

Two feeding trials were conducted to investigate the optimum feeding rates in juvenile olive founder Paralichthys olivaceus fed practical expanded pellet(EP) containing 58.1% crude protein, 10.7% crude lipid, and 10.8% ash at low and high water temperatures. In the first experiment, triplicate groups of 15 fish with average weight of 7.7 g were fed at one of seven feeding rates(0, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.25, or 2.5% of body weight/day or to satiation) for 4 weeks at low water temperature. In the second experiment, quadruplicate groups of 20 fish with average weight of 5.5 g were fed at one of eight feeding rates(0, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.25, 4.5, or 4.75% of body weight/day or to satiation) for 4 weeks at high water temperature. Based on growth performance, we estimated that the optimum feeding rates for juvenile olive flounder were 1.97-2.51% and 4.82-6.36% of body weight/day at low and high water temperatures, respectively.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.21 no.2 s.75
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• pp.12-21
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• 2007

As the economy grows and the population increases, we need to develop our coastal area and make use of it for various purposes. Specifically, investigation of the wave interactions on and around the vertical cylinders is very important in the design of the offshore or coastal structures. The nonlinear potential analysis developed so far, although very useful, has been found to be limited in application, as strong nonlinear waves generated by the interference between multilayered cylinders and wave impact forces by breaking waves can hardly be estimated. In this study, using a 3-Dimensional volume tracking method VOF(Volume of Fluid), based on Namer-Stokes equations, was developed to simulate highly nonlinear effects, such as breaking waves at the interface or complicated interference waves among structures. A numerical method for nonlinear interaction wave and vertical cylinders is newly proposed. The wave forces and wave transformations computed by the newly proposed numerical simulation method were compared to the other researcher's experimental results, and the results agree well. Based on the validation of this study, this numerical method is applied to the two vertical cylinders to discuss their nonlinear wave forces and wave transformations, according to the variations of separate distance of vertical cylinders.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.38 no.2 s.149
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• pp.139-147
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• 2007

The aim of this study was to investigate the protective activity of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin, isolated from Curcuma longa Linne, on hepatocyte injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl$_4$,10 mM), t-butyl hydroperoxide (TBH, 0.5 mM) and D-galactosamine (GaIN,30 mM). Primary cultures of rat hepatocyte (18 h culture) were treated with CCl$_4$, TBH or GaIN and various concentrations (0.1, 1, 10 and 100 ${\mu}$M) of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin CCl$_4$ significantly increased the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The increases in LDH, ALT and AST levels were inhibited by curcumin. Demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin decreased the levels of AST. Curcumin inhibited the increases in ALT and AST levels induced by TBH. The increased levels of LDH, ALT and AST induced by TBH were inhibited by bisdemethoxycurcumin. GaIN markedly increased the levels of LDH, ALT and AST. These increases were significantly inhibited by bisdemethoxycurcumin. The increase in AST level was inhibited by curcumin. These results suggest that curcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin have potent hepatoprotective activities.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.695-702
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine effects of socio-demographic, health, and internet addiction factors on smoking behavior among the Korean youth. The 2009 Korean Youth Health Risk Behavior On-line Survey data was used for this purpose. Frequency analysis and chi-square test were employed for this study. Gender, living with parents, economic status, school level, academic record, subjective health status, subjective well-being, level of stress, level of depression and internet addiction were significantly associated with their smoking behavior. Findings may be used for developing promising strategies to cope with smoking behavior of adolescents in Korea.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 2015

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of probiotics as manure additives on pathogen, mineral, carbon dioxide and methane emissions in pig slurry as a function of time and provide information about the importance of pig slurry management to pig producers. An experiment was a completely randomized design and four treatments: CON: no treatment (5 kg pig slurry), T1: 5 kg pig slurry + 0.2% bacillus subtilis, T2: 5 kg pig slurry + 0.2% yeast, T3: 5 kg pig slurry + 0.2% actinomycetales. All treatments were replicated three times. The results information that is analyzed includes the following: First, in spite of the lack of statistically significant differences, pH values and carbon dioxide were lowered (P < 0.05) in all probiotic treatments compared with the controls as a function of time. Second, all probiotic treatments had no effect on Salmonella enterica, mineral, and methane emission. The results of this study indicated that addition of 0.2% probiotic to pig slurry resulted in lower pH and carbon dioxide emissions, and carbon dioxide and methane emitted from pig slurry is not listed as noxious gases.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.1285-1295
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• 2011

In this study, occurrence status of nonpoint pollutants and characteristics of discharge by each nonpoint pollutants were examined through monitoring on nonpoint pollutants caused when raining in vineyard belonging to the agricultural area of various land use patterns. Also, the first flush analysis limited to studies on the existing non-percolation area was applied to percolation area to ascertain availability and criteria of study. Various water quality and sluice of nonpoint pollutants were analyzed, based on which discharge of nonpoint pollutants in agricultural area was ascertained to be influenced greatly by artificial factors such as period, cultivation, management, etc. Meanwhile, the first flush phenomenon at agricultural area was ascertained to occur, and the first flush was quantified through calculation of the first flush ratio. If MFF30 is based, discharge load by each nonpoint pollutants caused when raining was investigated to include 40.8% on the basis of total discharge. In case of SS in pollutants showed the highest first flush phenomenon of 64.8%. Through such a result, calculation possibility of the initial rain criteria was ascertained, and it was determined that reliability-assured criteria were calculated through further monitoring.