• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.441-450
• /
• 1996

Various contexts are involved in the processes of science learning and instruction. In the perspective that the results of science learning and instruction usually depend on the nature of learning task content and context, content effects or context effects have been researched up to now. But, the discrimination between them was very ambiguous. For the clarity of them, it was supposed that science content would be composed of decontextualized knowledges and contexts, which were respectively dichotomized in common and special ones among disciplines of science. Science learning and instruction was discussed in view of interactions between cognitive, learning task, and social-cultural contexts. Especially, it was emphasized that task contexts, as a bridging role among contexts should be constructed considering cognitive and social cultural contexts.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
• /
• 제16권6호
• /
• pp.45-54
• /
• 2013

계산적 사고는 최근 정보 교과의 교육과정과 컴퓨터 교육학계의 패러다임의 변화를 이끌고 있다. 하지만, 국외의 연구와 비교하여 국내에서는 아직까지 이에 대한 기본 연구가 매우 부족한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 계산적 사고에 대한 정의, 학습 단계, 학습 요소를 국외 연구를 참조하여 전문가 설문을 통해 연구하였다. 또한 연구된 학습요소로 현재 사용되고 있는 중학교 정보 교육과정과 교과서를 계산적 사고관점에서 분석하였다. 연구의 결과로 계산적 사고 학습을 위해 필요한 3단계와 13가지의 학습요소를 추출할 수 있었고, 현재의 정보 교육과정에서 정보 수집을 비롯한 5개의 학습 요소가 제외되어 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 그리고 7종의 인정 정보 교과서는 10개의 학습요소가 포함되어 있음을 확인하였다.

• 영어어문교육
• /
• 제6호
• /
• pp.219-239
• /
• 2000

There has been a growing enthusiasm in Korea for the early education of English as a foreign language (EFL). The present study examined the validity of the Critical Period Hypothesis in terms of the Universal Grammar (UG), in three different types of learning contexts - first language (L1), second language (SL), and foreign language (FL) learning contexts. While previous research findings in L1 and SL learning contexts suggest that UG principles and parameters are accessible to language learners only for the early years of lifetime, this article argues that their results - and even the methods - cannot be applied to EFL settings and that independent studies on the EFL context are, required. It also proposes the recent UG notion of functional categories as the most appropriate subject in the discussion of Korean EFL learners' access to UG. Findings on foreign language contexts, including the author's own, strongly indicate that UG is not sensitive to learners' starting ages in FL settings. If young children in FL contexts cannot develop their interlanguage grammar based on UG, the existing teaching methods for young children should be revised.

• 디자인융복합연구
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.151-167
• /
• 2015

일상생활 속에서 자주 접하는 대상 또는 경험을 학습에 활용하면 학생들로 하여금 공부에 대하여 보다 더 관심을 가지게 하고, 주변 환경 및 실생활과의 연계성을 파악하게 하는데 효과적이다. 하지만 일상생활 속 소재를 이용한 기존의 학습방식은 학생들이 공부에 좀 더 쉽고 편하게 접근할 수 있도록 하는 긍정적인 효과를 가지고 있음에도 불구하고, 학습 설명을 위한 예시나 상황 배경으로만 실생활 소재를 사용한다는 부분에서 한계를 가지고 있다. 학생들은 일상생활 속에서 다양한 상황을 접할 수 있는데, 그 중 학습과 연계할 수 있는 상황 맥락들이 존재한다. 이러한 일상생활 속 상황 맥락에 맞춰 적절한 학습이 이루어지게 되면 학습자는 자신이 마주하고 있는 상황이나 대상을 통해 공부할 수 있어, 보다 높은 몰입감을 경험하고 이해를 높일 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 스마트 디바이스를 이용하여 일상생활 속의 맥락을 활용하는 학습 방안을 모색하였으며, 사례를 통하여 제안함으로써 학습의 효용성을 보이고자 하였다. 이를 위해 문헌을 통하여 일상생활 속 맥락을 기반으로 이루어지는 학습의 교육적 의의와 이에 대한 지원도구로써 스마트 디바이스의 특성을 파악하였다. 그리고 학습 경험에 대한 사용자조사를 통하여 일상생활 속 맥락 기반의 학습서비스를 디자인하기 위한 가이드라인을 도출하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 사례 연구로써 과학 학습을 제공하는 학습 시나리오를 제안하고 구체적인 UI화면을 디자인하였다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제27권6호
• /
• pp.519-528
• /
• 2007

Although science continues to be a key subject in the education of the majority of young people throughout the world, it is becoming increasingly clear that school science is failing to win the hearts and minds of many of today's younger generation. Researchers have begun to look at ways in which the learning that takes place in museums, science centres and other informal settings can add value to science learning in schools. Four case studies are used to illustrate the potential afforded by informal contexts to research aspects of science learning. The case studies involve: the European Union PENCIL (Permanent European Resource Centre for Informal Learning) project (a network of 14 museums and science centres working with schools to enhance learning in maths and science); a large natural history museum in England; the Tate Modernart gallery in London, and the Outdoor Classroom Action Research Project which involved researchers working in school grounds, field centres and farms. The range of research questions that were asked are examined as are the methodological approaches taken and the methods used to collect and analyse data. Lessons learned from the studies about research in the informal contexts are discussed critically.

• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.75-83
• /
• 1997

The purpose of this study was to determine the strategies that middle school students used in solving problems concerning density and solubility. These were compared in the aspects of problem contexts for 42 students of varying logical reasoning ability, spatial ability, and learning approach. A coding scheme used consists of five categories: reading & organization, production, errors, evaluation, and strategy. Students' protocols were analyzed after intercoder agreement had been established to be .95. The results were as follows: 1. Students had more difficulties in reading and organizing the problems in everyday contexts than in scientific contexts. Students at the concrete-operational stage and / or surface approach were more likely to have difficulties in reading and organizing the problems than those at the formal-operational stage and / or deep approach. 2. Students tended to split up the solubility problems into sub-problems and to solve the density problem in everyday contexts in random manner. These were significantly correlated with the test scores concerning logical reasoning ability, spatial ability, and learning approach at the .1 level of significance. 3. Major errors in solving the density problems were to disregard the given information or generated and to use inappropriate information. Many errors in solving the solubility problems were found to be executive errors. The strategy to use the information given appropriately was positively related to students' logical reasoning ability, spatial ability, and learning approach. 4. More evaluation strategies were found in everyday contexts. Their strategies to grasp the meaning of answers and to check the math were significantly related to students' logical reasoning ability. 5. Students used the random trial-and-error strategy more than the systematic strategy and the systematic trial-and-error strategy, especially in everyday contexts. The strategies used by the students were significantly related to students' logical reasoning ability, spatial ability, and learning approach.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.81-94
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study is to substantiate the affecting factors of informal learning outcomes for professions in various dimensions of an individual and organization. In specific, the study analyzed the effects of learning motivation, job characteristics, and a supportive learning environment which have on task-related knowledge acquisition, adapting to organization and understanding contexts, relationship formation, and improving self-development-ability. The participants of the study were 261 professionals working at four major accounting firms in South Korea. Multiple regression models were applied step by step for analysis. In this study, the informal learning of professionals working at four major accounting firms is influenced by various factors of learning motivation, job characteristics, and a supportive learning environment. The detailed analysis results were as follows. Firstly, peer-support showed the most positive effect on task-related knowledge acquisition. Secondly, for adapting to organization and understanding contexts, task autonomy showed the greatest effect. Thirdly, peer-support was found to be the most important factor for relationship formation. Fourthly, for improving self-development ability, learning goal orientation showed to be the most important factor. The various factors facilitated the professional learning by empirical identification. The study presented practical implications for creating an effective informal learning support environment.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제30권6호
• /
• pp.412-418
• /
• 2016

The emergence of systems biology in the 21st century is changing the paradigm of biomedical research. Whereas the reductionist approaches focus on components rather than time or contexts, systems biology focus more on interrelationships, dynamics, and contexts. The key ideas of the systems biology shares much with the philosophy of Korean Medicine(KM) and therefore, the paradigm shift is shedding light on understanding the mechanism of action of KM at system level. In this article, I provide a guide to learning systems biology for KM researchers using online learning resources. Thanks to the recent development of MOOC(massive open online courses) and other online learning platforms, learners can access to plenty of high-quality resources from top-tier universities in the world. I expect this guide help researchers to employ systems biology methods into their KM researches, and will lead to the development of future curricula for training "bi-lingual" experts, KM and computational approaches.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.447-459
• /
• 2020

The Internet of Things(IoT) paradigm is flourishing strenuously for the last two decades. Researchers around the globe have their dreams to transmute every real-world object to the virtual object. Consequently, IoT devices are escalating exponentially. The abrupt evolution of these IoT devices has caused a major challenge i.e. object classification. In order to classify devices comprehensively and accurately, this paper proposes a context-aware based multi-classification model for devices, which classifies the smart devices according to people's contexts. However, the classification features of contextual data of different contexts are difficult to extract. The deep learning algorithm has the capability to solve this problem. This paper proposes a context-aware based multi-classification model of devices, which classifies the smart devices according to people's contexts.

• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제31권7호
• /
• pp.1025-1039
• /
• 2011

Even though many researchers have reported that everyday contexts can arouse students' interests and improve their science learning, the connection between everyday context and physics learning is not yet clearly discussed. In our study, at first, we assumed five guidelines for helping the development of teaching materials for physics learning in everyday context. Based on these guidelines, we developed teaching materials for understanding basic optics and applied these materials to ninth grade students. From the positive responses of students and science teachers about the developed materials, we could confirm that the guidelines were reflected well in the materials. And also, it was found that students and teachers wanted to learn or teach context-based physics in future classroom learning. However, all students do not receive benefits from learning physics in everyday context. By analyzing students' actual learning processes and interviews with them, we found five potential impeding factors which could hinder students' successful learning of physics in everyday context. As a result, we suggested five recommendations for overcoming these impeding factors.