• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.341-349
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• 2001

Infinity is one of the important concept in mathematics, science, philosophy etc. In history of mathematics, potential infinity concept conflicts with actual infinity concept. Reason that mathematicians refuse actual infinity concept during long period is because that actual infinity concept causes difficulty in our perceptions. This phenomenon is called epistemological obstacle by Brousseau. Potential infinity concept causes difficulty like history of development of infinity concept in mathematics learning. Even though students team about actual infinity concept, they use potential infinity concept in problem solving process. Therefore, we must make clear epistemological obstacles of infinity concept and must overcome them in learning of infinity concept. For this, it is useful to experience visualization about infinity concept. Also, it is to develop meta-cognition ability that students analyze and control their problem solving process. Conclusively, students must adjust potential infinity concept, and understand actual infinity concept that is defined in formal mathematics system.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.191-204
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• 2015

The reason of the confusion of learners about the logic concepts such as implication, necessary condition and sufficient condition can be analyzed from the point of view of history of logic, discrepancy between ordinary language and formal logic, and reification which occurs in the process of cognition of discursive object and also indicates the necessity of a research. This study analysed the difficulties related to study and implication concept and attempted to the reflection of textbook and curriculum. Not that ordinary language makes the introduction of formal language easier, but that this study discussed the possibilities ordinary language intervenes the learning of formal language. This study additionally intended to understand learning difficulties of concrete subjects, abstract subjects and the gap between primary object and discursive object by understanding the process of sagging, encapsulating and reifying.

• 중국학논총
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• no.70
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• pp.1-18
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• 2021

Writing is an indispensable skill among the four language skills, but in actual teaching, it is also a difficult part to master for students. To improve students' writing ability, it is very important to understand their cognition and attitude towards writing. Because students are the main body of learning, learning and teaching are complementary to each other. Comprehending students' opinions is very significant for improving teaching. For this, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the perception and attitudes of Korean college students towards Chinese writing de ply, and based on the results of the survey, this study also suggested several proposals. As one of the basic researches of writing teaching design, this paper provides a certain reference basis of future instructional curriculum designs.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.41-53
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that affect middle-old aged housewives' participation in lifelong learning as a part of human resource development. Through purposive sampling, the study recruited 163 full-time housewives over age 40 years who live in C City. As a result, first, 87.1 percent of all respondents, or 142, said they were willing to participate in lifelong learning in the future. There was no statistically significant difference in the results of cross-checking by age, educational background and monthly household income variables. Additionally, we used cluster analysis to measure differences in participation intentions according to the perception of human resource development of middle-old aged full-time housewives. The perception variable of lifelong learning is: First, Cognitive degree, second, importance, third, activation awareness. Cluster 1(n=16) was divided into generally low-perception types, such as cognitive degree, importance, and life-long learning activation of the C city, while Cluster 2(n=61) was classified as a type of person who thinks that lifelong learning is important to life and Cluster 3(n=86) was generally classified as a type with a higher lifelong learning perception. and we found that there was no difference in the intention to participate in lifelong learning by all cluster Lastly, we found that participants who valued human resource development scored significantly higher on measures of cognition than those who did not value it. Based on these results, we advocates social change that encourages the cultivation of talent through lifelong learning programs that can positively affect one's unique identity, not just wife and mother, and provide opportunities for self-development.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.339-348
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• 2005

The trend of the computer education is shifting from problem-solving in the real world and using functions for it to behavioristic perspectives which encourage people to acquire the functions simply according to the applying programs of well-known companies. Thus, this research studies the computer instructional model which emphasizes the basic computer education and connections to the real world at the same time. In the constructivistic perspectives, this model emphasizes the learners activities, their using of meta-cognitive strategies to reflect their level of the lesson and collaborative-reflective learning of problem-solving. The research applied in the real computer skill education and according to the result of the research, I could find the experimental group got high level of learning achievement and this benefits to the high level group rather than low and middle group.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.667-672
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine classifying the level and accuracy of the meta-cognitive level of students and dental hygiene, and to understand the impact on the process of problem solving and accordingly, it is intended to provide a basis for learning strategies. Methods : A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 328 dental hygiene students in 3 colleges in Gyeonggi-do and Chungnam. Data were analyzed by the frequency analysis, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe's post-hoc test, Pearson's correlation coefficient using SPSS 12.0. Results : Meta-cognitive level of the subject was on average 4.43 points and problem solving level was lower at 2.82 points. Showed a significant difference in satisfaction with the major motives meta-cognitive level in accordance with the general characteristics of the subjects(p<0.05). Results of this study showed that no statistically significant differences in both the sub-areas of the level of problem solving according to the general characteristics of the subject(p>0.05). There was no correlation between the ability to solve problems and meta-cognitive level of the subjects(p>0.05). Conclusions : The finding of the study showed that meta-perception of dental hygiene students are lower the level of problem-solving that is compared to meta-cognition. It is suggested that development of a variety of learning methods for improving meta-cognitive thinking and problem-solving skills required in dental hygiene school curriculum.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02b
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• pp.497-503
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• 2007

학습의 깊이의 단계를 Bloom은 지식, 이해, 적용, 분석, 종합, 평가라는 6가지의 단계로 나누면서 피상적인 학습과 감이 있는 학습으로 구분하였다. 최근 학습은 면대면 학습에서 뿐 아니라, 웹기반의 학습에서도 피상적인 학습 위주로 이루어진다는 비판을 받고 있고, 웹기반 학습에서는 자기조절 흑은 자기규제의 문제가 가장 큰 문제로 지적 받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이를 해결하기 위한 방안으로서 감이 있는 학습을 촉진하고, 자기 조절을 촉진하는 메타인지를 웹기반학습에의 인터페이스 디자인에 적용하는 문제를 살펴보았다. 이를 알아보기 위해 메타인지 전략의 가장 핵심 요소인 '자기 점검'의 요소 중 학습 내용들 간의 위계 관계를 보여주는 지도 (MAP) 와 계획세우기를 도와주는 요소 (PLAN)를 기존 연구를 토대로 웹기반의 학습의 인터페이스로 구현하고, 이러한 요소들이 학습, 특히 Bloom이 말한 김이 있는 학습을 촉진하는지를 실험을 통해 살펴보았다. 메타인지를 활용한 웹기반 학습의 효과는 배운 내용의 사후 테스트 점수로 측정되었다. 일반적으로 웹상에서 이루어지는 학습의 일반적인 형태인 학습 중에 확인문제를 푸는 조건 (OX조건)과 확인문제와 학습 내용들 간의 위계 관계를 보여주는 지도를 제시하는 조건 (MAP조건), 이에 덧붙여 사전 계획세우기까지 모두 하는 조건 (PLAN조건)으로 나누어 실험이 진행되었다. 그 결과 첫째, 집단 간 참가자들의 전체적인 학습 점수는 MAP조건이 가장 낮고, OX조건이 중간, PLAN조건이 가장 높은 모습을 보였다. 그러나 이 차이가 통계적으로 유의미하지는 않았다. 또한 모든 조건의 집단에서 행해졌던 학습 중간의 OX점수는 집단별 점수의 차이가 통계적으로 유의미하지는 않았으나, 평균의 차이를 보여주었다. 둘째, 조건별 참가자의 학습 효과는 피상적인 학습수준(암기)에서는 통계적으로 집단 간 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 그러나 감이 있는 수준의 학습(문제해결)에서는 집단 간에 통계적으로 유의미한 학습의 차이를 보이지 않았다. 따라서 깊이있는 학습을 촉진하는 웹기반 학습의 인터페이스 디자인에 대해서는 추후 연구가 필요하다.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.21-31
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• 2020

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a cognitive-exercise program using step on the cognitive function, gait, and depression of elderly with mild cognitive impairment. Methods : The subjects comprised 30 elderly people with mild cognitive impairment who used elderly welfare centers in the provinces A, B, and C between March 21 and June 7, 2019. They were divided into an experimental group (n=15) and a control group (n=15) before undergoing an experiment based on a pretest-posttest control group design. The lowenstein occupational therapy cognitive assessment-geriatric population was used to assess the subjects' cognitive function, while the 4-stage balance test, 30-second chair-stand test, timed up & go test, and functional reach test were employed to evaluate their gait. In addition, the beck depression inventory was used to measure their levels of depression. Results : The cognitive-exercise program using step enhanced the subjects' cognitive function and gait and reduced their levels of depression. Furthermore, statistically significant differences were found between the experimental group and the control group. Conclusion : The cognitive-exercise program using step promoted the process of sensorimotor and cognition through the learning process of various steps taking left and right steps and cognitive activities. It improves gait by activating the coordination of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems of the body and positively affecting posture control, balance, flexibility, and lower extremity muscles. It also relieved depression by performing successful step learning and cognitive activities with forward-looking (doing) that leads to pleasure and achievement. The present study confirmed the value of a cognitive-exercise program using step to treat multiple domains of functional decline in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment. This is therefore proposed as an intervention program for this patient group.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.455-475
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate characteristics of pre-service teachers' cognition about learning through the use of technology by employing a teacher education program in the use of technology-friendly flipped classroom. For this purpose, 45 pre-service teachers participated in the study and they completed both pre- and post-surveys including questions about Technology Adopter Category Index(TACI) and Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge(TPACK). They were also asked to write self-reflections on mathematics softwares(Geometer's Sketch Pad(GSP), Geogebra, Cabri 3D). Results show that the teacher education program in the use of technology-friendly flipped classroom affected pre-service teachers' cognitions of TACI and TPACK, and they perceived that technology integration helped students' mathematics learning process. Findings from this study indicate that ideas about how to develop a technology-friendly teacher education program are more specified..

• Korean Journal of Schizophrenia Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.74-80
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• 2018

Objectives : This study investigated whether long-acting injectable (LAI) paliperidone is different from its oral form in terms of the effect on cognitive function in schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders. Methods : We reviewed the medical records of patients in Seoul National University Bundang Hospital who were diagnosed as having schizophrenia and/or other psychotic disorders based on DSM-5 from 2016 to 2017. Seven patients were treated with oral paliperidone and 11 were treated with paliperidone palmitate. All patients underwent clinical and neuropsychological assessment, including the Korean version of the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) at their first visit or within one month of their initial treatment. MCCB was repeated within three to 12 months after the initial assessment. Results : There was no significant difference between the two groups in most cognitive domains including speed of processing, attention and vigilance, working memory, verbal learning, visual learning and reasoning and problem solving domain. However, patients treated with paliperidone palmitate showed better improvement in social cognition domain than those taking oral paliperidone. The standardized values of social cognition domain scores had significantly improved over time in patients under paliperidone palmitate, demonstrating a significant time-by-group interaction. Conclusion : Our results show that long-acting injectable paliperidone could be helpful in some aspects of improving cognitive function in schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders. Further studies with other antipsychotics are necessary to generalize the results.