• 영어어문교육
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.135-148
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• 2005

This paper investigated the effect of audio and visual cues on Korean and Japanese EFL learners' perception of the lateral/retroflex contrast in English. In a perception experiment, the two English consonants /l/ and /r/ were embedded in initial and medial position in nonsense words in the context of the vowels /i, a, u/. Singletons and clusters were included in the speech material. Audio and video recordings were made using a total of 108 items. The items were presented to Korean and Japanese learners of English in three conditions: audio-alone (A), visual-alone (V) and audio-visual presentation (AV). The results showed that there was no evidence of AV benefit for the perception of the /l/-/r/ contrast for either Korean or Japanese learners of English. Korean listeners showed much better identification rates of the /l/-/r/ contrast than Japanese listeners when presented in audio or audio-visual conditions.

• 음성과학
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.51-67
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• 2006

This study examined the acoustic properties of initial stops in Korean, produced by Korean native speakers and English Korean learners. The productions of Korean native speakers were compared with those of beginners and advanced learners of Korean. Fundamental frequency(F0) and Voice Onset Time(VOT) were measured in condition of one or two syllable words, containing word-initial lenis, fortis, and aspirated stops. English Korean Learners showed that they produced stops with relatively shorter VOT and lower F0, compared with those of Korean native speakers. In case of the manner of articulation, English Korean learners have production difficulties in order of lenis stops, aspirated stops, and fortis stops. In regard to the place of articulation, English Korean learners showed production troubles in order of labial stops, velar stops, and alveolar stops. In the experiment of perception, it is hard for English Korean learners to distinguish stops of lenis and aspirated. Therefore, the results of production experiment were almost consistent with those of the perception experiment. Finally, according to both groups of proficiency, the results demonstrated that the advanced learners produce or perceive Korean stops easier than the beginners.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.79-87
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• 2016

The purpose of this study aimed to examine the perceptual pattern of the Korean coda consonants by Chinese learners of Korean. Given that Mandarin allows only two nasals (/n, ŋ/) in the coda position, it was predicted that Chinese learners of Korean had difficulty in discriminating Korean coda consonants. In the experiment, the subjects were 21 beginner-level Chinese learners of Korean. They participated in the discrimination task four times a year in which they were asked to choose the right Korean coda consonants after listening the word from Korean native speakers. The results demonstrated that 1) Chinese learners of Korean improved their perception of the Korean coda consonants. 2) But Chinese learners of Korean performed differently according to the type of Korean coda consonants. Korean consonants /n, p, k, m/ showed significant differences, but /l, ŋ, t/ did not.

• 음성과학
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.91-112
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• 1998

This paper aimed at examining the influence of L1 (native language) phonology when speakers of L1 perceive L2 (foreign language) sounds. Korean and Japanese learners of English took a perception test of Australian English words 'work', 'walk' and 'wok'. Based on Korean and Japanese phonology, it was predicted that Korean subjects would face more difficulties than Japanese subjects. The results of the experiment substantiated the influence of L1 phonology in L2 learners' L2 sound perception.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제60호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2006

This paper investigated AV benefit of Korean and Japanese EFL learners' perception of the liquid contrast in English. In a perception experiment, the two English consonants /l/ and /r/ were embedded in initial and medial position in nonsense words in the context of the vowels /i, a, u/. Singletons and clusters were included in the speech material. Audio and video recordings were made using a total of 108 items. The items were presented to Korean and Japanese learners of English in three conditions: audio-alone (A), visual-alone (V) and audio-visual presentation (AV). The results showed that there was no evidence of AV benefit for the perception of the /l/-/r/ contrast for either Korean or Japanese learners of English. The results suggest that increasing auditory proficiency in identifying a non-native contrast is linked with an increasing proficiency in using visual cues to the contrast.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.237-264
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• 2009

The present study explores patterns of teachers' corrective feedback and learners' uptake in Korean EFL undergraduate classroom setting. It also examines consistencies and discrepancies in the perception of corrective feedback by teachers and learners. Teachers' and learners' preferences and perception of corrective feedback are further analyzed to determine whether or not those differ from actual practices in English language learning classrooms. The results of the study are as follows. First of all, teachers' corrective feedback type varied according to the learners' error type and English proficiency level. There was a lack of consistency between the teachers' feedback practices and the learners' error types. Second, for the phonological errors, learners' data witnessed the most frequent uptake on recast. For the other error types, however, the learners' uptake rates were high for the explicit corrective feedback. Third, the teachers' explicit knowledge of corrective feedback was rather low and the preferences differed from teacher to teacher. The teachers' feedback perception and preferences did not consistently reflect their actual practices. Finally, patterns of the learners' expectations of corrective feedback varied according to learners' proficiency level. Teachers' and learners' expectations of corrective feedback were also compared and some mismatches were detected.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.260-265
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• 2018

Undergraduate students struggle to comprehend embryology because of its dynamic nature. Studies have recommended using a combination of teaching methods to match the student's learning style. But there has been no study to describe the effect of such teaching strategy over the different types of learners. In the present study, an attempt has been made to teach embryology using the combination of analogies and simple 2D animations made with Microsoft powerpoint software. The objective of the study is to estimate the difference in academic improvement and perception scale between the different types of learners after introducing analogies and 2D animation in a lecture environment. Based on Visual, Aural, Read/Write, and Kinesthetic (VARK) scoring system the learners were grouped into unimodal and multimodal learners. There was significant improvement in post-test score among the unimodal (P<0.001) and multimodal learners (P<0.001). When the post-test score was compared between the two groups, the multimodal learners performed better the unimodal learners (P=0.018). But there was no difference in the perception of animations and analogies and long-term assessment between the groups. The multimodal learners performed better than unimodal learners in short term recollection, but in long term retention of knowledge the varied learning style didn't influence its outcome.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.91-108
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• 2007

This study investigates learners' perception on their engagement in rating activities in the EFL essay-writing context. The current study aims to address the answers to the following research questions: 1) What attitude do students show about their participation in the rating tasks? and 2) which of three aspects (e.g. the degree of rating experience, the exposure to English composition instruction and learning, and proficiency level) significantly influences learners' rating activities? 104 EFL learners participated in the rater training session. After participants finished rater training session, they rated three sample essays and peer essays using the given scoring guide. Based on the analysis of survey responses that students made, students showed positive attitude toward their engagement in rating tasks. For research question 2, only L2 writing proficiency seriously affected students' perception on the rating tasks. Advanced level of subjects did not feel stressed by a grade of peers as low level of subjects did. They were also critical about the benefits of self- and peer-assessment, suggesting that a peer's feedback on their own essay was not so useful and that a self-rating does not fully help learners identify their writing proficiency.

• 직업교육연구
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.203-220
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• 2011

이 연구는 초등학교 6학년생 443명을 대상으로 지각된 부모의 교육적 관여, 학업적 자기효능감과 학교생활적응 및 진로성숙도들 간의 관련성에 대해 살펴보고, 구조방정식 모형분석을 통해 지각된 부모의 교육적 관여가 진로성숙에 미치는 영향에 있어 학업적 자기효능감과 학교생활적응 변인의 매개효과가 있는지에 관해 알아보았다. 그 결과 첫째, 지각된 부모의 교육적 관여의 하위변인들 중 학습지도와 자녀교육지원이 진로성숙도의 하위변인들과 비교적 높은 정적 상관을 나타냈다. 또한 학업적 자기효능감은 진로성숙도의 하위변인들 중 자기이해와 미래직업태도와 상대적으로 높은 정적인 상관을 보였다. 둘째, 연구모형 적합도 검증결과 지각된 부모의 교육적 관여가 학업적 자기효능감과 학교생활 적응을 완전히 매개하여 간접적으로 진로성숙도에 영향을 주는 모형이 적합하였다. 셋째, 초등학생들의 진로성숙도에 영향을 미치는 직 간접적인 효과 분석결과 총 효과는 학업적 자기효능감과 지각된 부모의 교육적 관여가 상대적으로 높았고, 직접적인 효과는 학교생활적응이 가장 높았으며, 간접적인 효과는 지각된 부모의 교육적 관여가 높았다. 이상의 결과들을 토대로 실제 학교현장에서 초등학생들에게 맞는 진로교육프로그램 개발 및 운영에 관한 시사점을 논의하였다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2019

This study investigated individual variability of L2 learners' categorical judgments of L2 stops by exploring English learners' perceptual processing of two acoustic cues (voice onset time [VOT] and f0) and working memory capacity as sources of variation. As prior research has reported that English speakers' greater use of the redundant cue f0 was responsible for gradient processing of native stops, we examined whether the same processing characteristics would be observed in L2 learners' perception of Korean stops (/t/-/t^h/). 22 English learners of L2 Korean with a range of L2 proficiency participated in a visual analogue scaling task and demonstrated variable manners of judging the L2 Korean stops: Some were more gradient than others in performing the task. Correlation analysis revealed that L2 learners' categorical responses were modestly related to individuals' utilizations of a primary cue for the stop contrast (VOT for L1 English stops and f0 for L2 Korean stops), and were also related to better working memory capacity. Together, the current experimental evidence demonstrates adult L2 learners' top-down processing of stop consonants where linguistic and cognitive resources are devoted to a process of determining abstract phonemic identity.