• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.34-41
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• 2004

The retention rate of riboflavin in two cooked vegetable salads (spinach salad and sesame leaf salad) were examined at every cooking stage, holding temperature and holding time, with various cooking methods, and a better food preparation method developed. The riboflavin contents of the samples were analyzed by HPLC, with fluoresence detection. The changes in the pH and water contents of the samples were measured during the holding stage at various temperatures and times. There were significant differences in the riboflavin contents during the various preparation and cooking processes, such as trimming, washing, boiling and parching etc. The retention rates of the riboflavin with the various holding methods and cooking temperature were also significantly different. The boiling process caused large losses of riboflavin: in the cases of spinach salad and sesame leaf salad these were 78％ and 52％ respectively. The pH and water contents showed faster change during 0-6 hours than during 6-12 hours.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.321-328
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• 1996

The profile and concentration of monoterpene metabolites in the leaf and stem of Artemisia princeps var. orientalis were quantified, and seasonal variation in monoterpenes of Artemisia plant was investigated. Samples were taken from five sites at the campus of Kyungnam University during maturing season. Monoterpenes in leaf and stem were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The major constituents of A. princeps var. orientalis in both the leaf and stem were 21 monoterpenes.$ {\alpha}-pinene,\;{\beta}-pinene,\;{\beta}-myrcene$, dl-limonene, naphthalene and unknown monoterpenes with 5.49 and 16.27 of retenstion time were present in high concentrations of compounds identified on the leaf and stem of A. princeps var. orientalis. The cmounts of total monoterpenes of leaf were from two to five times higher than stem and rapidly decreased with the time, while that of stem was constnat except early spring. Most of the high percentage of monoterpenes in the leaf were those with later retention time. These results indicated that monoterpenes yields are considered to be more variable than monoterpene composition in responding to the time in both the leaf and stem.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.34-39
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• 1996

본 연구는 조리 방법에 따른 시금치, 배추, 양배추의 무기질 손실에 대한 기초 자료를 얻기 위하여 채소를 데치기, 압력조리, 찌기, microwave 가열하여 각 조리방법에 따른 무기질 잔존율, 색도 및 관능적 특성 등의 변화에 대하여 조사하였다. 그 결과 시금치, 배추, 양배추 모두 찌기나 microwave 가열이 무기질 잔존율 면에서나 기호적 특성 면에서 양호하게 나타나, 채소 조리시 데치기 위주의 종래 방법 보다 찌기나 microwave 가열을 활용하는 것이 바람직하다고 사료된다. 또 긴 시간 데치거나 압력 조리의 경우 무기질 손실이 크고, 물러져 기호도가 떨어지므로 엽채류 조리시 이 방법은 적합하지 않은 것으로 사료된다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.397-403
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• 1997

The monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes are analysed in the leaf and stem of Chrysanthemum boreale using gas chromaltography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The total amount of sesquiterpenes are always higher than monoterpenes in both leaf (2.0-3.4 times) and stem (1.6-8.3 times). The mono- and sesquiterpenes yields of the leaf are higher than the stem. There was no significant difference among the leaf developmental stages, while those of stem were varied. Seventeen monoterpenes and 9 sesquiterpenes compound in this plants comprised more than 5% of the mean total monoterpenes and the total sesquiterpenes in each dates. Among leaf monoterpenes, the concentration of (+)-Limonene and unknown compound no. 13 (Retention time, R.T.=17.28) varied significantly during leaf growing season, and the concentrafion of unknown compound no. 7 (R.T.=35.04) and no. 9(R.T.=35.71) varied in the leaf sesquiterpenes. Similarly the results from the leaf, the concentration of five monoterpenes in stem also varied significantly during maturing period, and much varied in seven compounds of stem sesquiterpene. The major sesquiterpenes of leaf and stem were ${\alpha}-Humulene$ and compound no. 2(R.T.=26.19).

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.562-568
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• 1989

9월 중에 채취한 성숙한 초피 (Zanthoxylum piperitum DC)의 과피와 잎성분의 변성을 고려한 방법인 gas co-distillation으로 추출하고, GC/MS와 함께 workstation BASIC program들을 사용하여 극성이 다른 두 column(FFAP, HP-1)에 대한 authentic standard들의 retention index(RI) 값들을 구하여 HP-1 및 FFAP, RI reference library를 만든 후 초피의 정유성분들의 두 column library 탐색을 병행하여 분석함으로써, 과피에서 myrcene외 14 hydrocarbon들, linalool외 8 alcohol들, citronellal외 3 aldethyde들, carvone외 2 ketone들, methyl salicylate외 7 ester들 그리고 1,8-cineol 외 3 oxide를 확인하였고, 잎에서 limonene외 7 hydrocarbon들, citronellol외 7 alcohol들, cumin aldehyde외 1 aldehyde, carvone, 그리고 estragole외 1 oxide를 확인하였다. 과피에서는 1,8-cineol(25.47%), limonene(11.9%), geranylacetate(9.01%), myrcene(6.15%), geraniol(2.88%), citronellal(2.25%)등이 주성분이었고, 잎에서는 citronellal(23.11%), 1,8-cineol(18.38%), citronellol(6.04%), methyl cinnamate(4.08%)등이 주성분이었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.95-105
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• 1973

IR667 계통(系統)(Suwon 213 및 214)과 장려품종(진흥(振興) 및 팔달(八達))의 수용기(受用器)(Sink) 및 급여기(給與器)(Source)의 크기와 그들간(間) 거리(距離), 동화산물의 형태(形態), 기상인자(氣象因子)와 관련(關聯) 수기(受器)(곡실(穀實))충전(充塡) 속도(速度)를 검토(檢討)하여 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1. IR667 계통(系統)은 장려 품종보다 최고수기충전속도(最高受器充塡速度)가 크고 빨리온다. 충전속도곡선(充塡速度曲線)의 양상(樣相)은 IR667 계(系)는 준봉형(峻峰型)을 장려품종은 구릉형(丘陵型)을 보인다. 2. 기상인자(氣象因子)는 충전곡선(充塡曲線)의 양상(樣相)에 큰 변화(變化)를 주지 못하는 것 같다. 3. 수기일급기간(受器一給器間) 기능거리(機能距離)(실거리(實距離)${\times}$각엽(各葉)의 생산기여율는 상위엽의존형(上位葉依存型)인 IR667 계(系)에서는 상위엽(上位葉)이 짧고 하위엽의존형(下位葉依存型)인 장려품중에서는 하위엽(下位葉)이 짧다. IR667의 상위엽의존성(上位葉依存性)이 유난히 짧은 제(第)1간장(稈長)(상부(上部)로부터)에 기인(基因)하는것 같다. 4. 간(稈)과 엽초의 유리당(遊離糖)/전분비(澱粉比)에 따라 IR667계(系)는 고당형(高糖型)으로 장려품종은 고전분형(高澱粉型)으로 분류(分類)되었으며 전이성(轉移性)(당(糖))과 비전이성(非轉移性) 동화산물(전분(澱粉))의 비(比)가 수기충전속도(受器充塡速度)와 관련되고 고당형(高糖型)이 생산효율이 높을 것으로 예상된다. 5. 군락구조(群落構造)의 각생산계층내의 균등도(均等度)가 클수록 곡실생산의 효율성이 높다는 가설(假說)을 제시(提示)하고 다수성(多收性) 및 안전성(安全性)과 관련(關聯)하여 검토(檢討)하였다. 6. 엽위별(葉位別) 엽신(葉身)의 N.P.K. 잔존률양상(殘存率樣相)이 진흥(振興)에서는 상부잔존형(上部殘存型)으로, IR667은 중앙부(中央部) 잔존형(殘存型)으로 구분(區分)되어 생산구조 보전형식(保存型式)의 원인(原因)으로 해석되었다. 7. 기관별(器管別) N.P.K 농도(濃度)와 함량분포비율(含量分布比率)에 의(依)하여 IR667은 엽초중심형으로 진흥(振興)은 엽신중심형(葉身中心型)으로 분류(分類)되었다. 8. 동일품종내(同一品種丙)에서 N.P간(間) N.P.K 각양분내(各養分內)에서 품종간(品種間) 수(穗)로의 전이율(轉移率)이 큰 경우 엽신잔존율(葉身殘存率)도 크다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.106-113
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• 1997

A field experiment was carried out on a dryland farming area of southern Bali for 92 weeks, to study the growth and fodder yield of 16 provenances of Gliricidia sepium in guardrow system. The experimental design was completely randomized blocks of 16 treatments (Gliricidia sepium provenances) replicated 3 times, with 6 plants per provenance. Six provenances were from Mexico (M), four from Guatemala (G), and one each from Colombia (C), indonesia (I), Nicaragua (N), Panama (P), Costa Rica (R) and Venezuela (V). After 40 weeks establishment the gliricidia were lopped 4 times a year at 150 cm height, at 2 months intervals during the 4 month wet season and 4 month intervals during the 8 month dry season. Stem elongation varied from 21 to 81 cm, leaf retention from 39 to 240%, branch number from 12 to 35, fodder yield from 1,090 to 3,153 g DW/plant. and wood yield from 743 to 2,750 g DW/plant. Pontezuelo provenance of Colombia (C24), Belen provenance of Nicaragua (N14) and Retalhuleu provenance of Guatemala (G14) were ranked first, second and third, respectively, for stem elongation, leaf retention, fodder and wood yields, during the wet and dry seasons.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.553-558
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• 2015

돌산갓에서의 glucosinolates인 sinigrin의 분석법을 확립하기 위해 다양한 용매를 이용하여 추출 후 정성 정량하였다. 돌산갓을 뿌리, 줄기, 잎으로 구분하여 50% $CH_3CN$, 10% $NH_4Cl$, 60% $CH_2OH$, 70% $CH_3OH$ 을 이용해 추출시 50% $CH_3CN$이 가장 sinigrin 함량이 높게 나타났으며 나머지 용매들은 큰 차이가 없었다. 또한 갓 부위별에서 sinigrin함량은 큰 차이가 없었으며 줄기 부위의 50% $CH_3CN$추출물의 sinigrin함량이 728 ppm으로 다소 높게 나타났다. Sinigrin은 농도별로 standard curve를 작성하여 HPLC에 의한 돌산갓 부위별 sinigrin 함량을 정량화 하였고 HPLC로 분석시 UV detector 감도는 242 nm보다 228 nm에서 높게 나타났으며 228 nm에서는 줄기, 뿌리, 잎 순서로 sinigrin함량이 나타났다. 50% $CH_3CN$로 추출한 돌산갓의 chromatogram은 표준물질인 sinigrin의 retention time과 일치하였으며, 잎에서 나타난 peak는 glucosinolates인 glucoraphanin으로 확인되었다. 본 연구의 결과로부터 돌산갓에 함유된 sinigrin 분석을 위한 추출용매는 50% $CH_3CN$, UV detector 파장은 228 nm가 가장 적합하다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한, sinigrin의 추출 및 분석이 체계화됨으로써 돌산갓을 이용한 다양한 식품의 저장기간에 따른 sinigrin 함량변화 및 생리기능에 관한 연구에 활용 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.515-522
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• 1995

The field experiment was carried out to study the growth and fodder yield of the Gliricidia sepium provenances in fence system in dryland farming area in Bali, Indonesia for 24 months. The design of the experiment was a completely randomized block arrangement, consisted of 16 treatments (Gliricidia sepium provenances) and 12 blocks with 10 plants per provenance. Of the 16 gliricidia provenances, six were from Mexico (M), four were from Guatemala (G), and one each was from Colombia (C), Indonesia (I), Nicaragna (N), Panama (P), Costa Rica (R) and Venezuela (V). After 40 weeks establishment the gliricidia were lopped regularly 4 times a year, twice during the four month wet season and twice during the eight month dry season at 150 cm height. There were variations (p < 0.05) in stem elongation from 10 to 121 cm, leaf retained from 48 to 105%, leaf shedding from 53 to 86%, branch number from 4 to 7, fodder yield from 281 to 648 g DW/plant, and wood yield from 53 to 179 g DW/plant; and such variations were affected by the seasons. Retalhuleu provenance of Guatemala (G14), Belen provenance of Nicaragua (N14) and Bukit Bali provenance of Indonesia (I) were ranked first, second and third, respectively, measured in terms of stem elongation, leaf retention, fodder and wood yields during the wet and dry seasons.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2006

This study was carried out to investigate the changes of essential oils in flue-cured leaf tobacco during aging for 21 months. The threshed leaf tobacco(BlO) produced in 2002 crop year was aged for 21 months in the warehouse of Oc-Cheon Leaf Tobacco Processing Factory. The leaf tobacco were sampled at three month intervals for analysis of volatile compounds. Volatile compounds were identified by GC/MS and comparison of gas chromatographic retention time with those of the authentic standard. The total of 75 compounds from the steam volatile concentrate of the flue-cured leaf tobacco were identified; they were 15 hydrocarbons, 12 alcohols, 3 aldehydes, 18 ketones, 7 esters, 10 acids, 3 phenols, 4 furans, 2 pyrrols and 1 pyridine. The major components of essential oil were neophytadiene, solanone, megastigmatrienone and phytol. After a aging period of 21 months, most of volatile compounds showed a gradual increasing tendency.