• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.114-119
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• 2001

The effect of Rhinacanthus nasutus leaf extract on the growth of dermatophytes had been investigated. In vitro the extract exhibited high activity against various species of dermatophytes (Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. mentagrophytes, T. mentagrophytes var. interdigitale, T. rubrum, Microsporum canis and M. gypseum). The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the extract revealed that all the dermatophytes tested had MIC values of 13.6 mg/ml. The extract exhibited fungistatic activity at lower concentrations $({\leq}13.6\;mg/ml\;or\;below\;the\;MIC\;value)$ and fungicidal activity at higher concentrations $({\geq}13.6\;mg/ml$\;or\;above\;the\;MIC\;value)$. The results suggested that the extract acted on the cell wall of the dermatophytes which subsequently leading to the formation of cytopathological and membrane structural degeneration and finally leading to cell lysis and death.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.105-114
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• 2022

Tinospora crispa (L.) is a medicinal plant traditionally used to treat various ailments including diabetes. The stem has been widely studied for its antidiabetic properties, however the antidiabetic potential of its leaves has not been explored. This study investigates the antidiabetic properties of methanolic T. crispa stem and leaves extracts on alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The stems and leaves were extracted using Soxhlet extraction with methanol as solvent. Crude extracts were administered at 500 mg/kg body weight (BW) (high dose) and 250 mg/kg BW (low dose) via oral route to alloxan induced diabetic rats. T. crispa stem and leaves extracts was found to significantly reduce blood glucose following a twelve-week treatment period. The highest mean difference in blood glucose level was exhibited by animals in the high dose treated stem and low dose leaf extracts. Both extracts showed approximately 75% percentage recovery from hyperglycaemia. The highest regenerative capacity was observed in animals treated with the low dose leaf extract.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology Conference
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• 2002.04b
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• pp.160-160
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• 2002

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.436-436
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• 2005

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.229-235
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• 2016

Sasa borealis has long been used in folk remedies and traditional Korean medicine for analgesic, sedative and anticarcinogenic purposes. To excavate novel natural compounds for treating obesity, we separated leaf and stem and fractionated. We screened phenolic contents, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties with the fractions. Dichloromethane (DCM) and ethyl acetate (EA) fraction from both leaf and stem exhibited high anti-oxidative properties demonstrated by DPPH, ABTS assay in accordance with their phenolic contents. In addition, DCM and EA fraction from leaf inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production as well as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in Raw 264.7 cell. Finally, DCM and EA fraction from both leaf and stem significantly inhibited 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation and decreased intracellular lipid level. These results suggest that DCM and EA fraction from Sasa borealis may contain therapeutic agent for obesity by attenuating inflammation and oxidative stress.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.86-91
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• 2001

The anticarcinogenic effects of various food components on human cancer cells have received much attention in recent years. The precise effect and mechanisms of anticarcinogens in food materials on cancer cells have rarely been investigated. This study was carried out to determine the effects of Daucus carota L. leaf (DCL) extracts on cytotoxic and chemopreventive effect on human cancer cells. The experiment was conducted to determine cytotoxicity of Daucus carota L. leaf extracts on HepG2, Hela and MCF-7 cells by MTT assay. Among various partition layers of Daucus carota L. leaf, the ethylacetate partition layer (DCLMEA) at 500 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL was shown to be most effective on MCF-7 cell lines. The four partition layers which are DCLM, DCLMH, DCLMB and DCLMH were less effecitve in inducing cytotoxicity than DCLMEA was. We also determined the induction of intracellular quinone reductase (QR) activity by adding DCL extracts on HepG2 cells. Among various partition layers of DCL extracts, DCLMH and DCLM were tested to be most effective with results such as 4.9 and 4.73 with a control value of 1.0.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.649-654
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• 2010

In order to develop new functional yogurts using mulberries and mulberry leaves, which were cultivated in Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam Province, Korea, the nutritional compositions, fermentation conditions, sensory properties, and storage stabilities of the yogurts were analyzed. The mulberry powder yogurt contained 87.96% moisture, 3.21% carbohydrate, 4.52% protein, 3.63% lipid, and 0.68% ash, and the mulberry leaf yogurt contained 86.36% moisture, 4.13% carbohydrate, 4.87% protein, 3.79% lipid, and 0.85% ash. A yogurt base was fermented for 13 h with 0.01% ABT-5 starter inoculum at $40^{\circ}C$. To prepare the mulberry jam and mulberry leaf yogurts, a variety of mulberry jam and mulberry leaf samples were added to the yogurt base. The sensory evaluation results of the yogurts containing the mulberry jam and mulberry leaves indicated that a product made with 15% mulberry jam was more strongly preferred than other samples. When the mulberry jam and mulberry leaf yogurts were stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 15 d, there were no significant changes in pH, titratable acidity, or viable cell numbers of lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacterium bifidum.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.274-279
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• 2016

Aphanisticus congener is a newly recorded buprestid (Coleoptera) insect pest of turfgrass in Korea. This buprestid pest was initially found from turfgrass conservation site in a greenhouse in Jinju, Gyeongnam province, Korea in July, 2014. The Aphanisticus in the family Buprestidae is a leaf miner. A. congener is the close species of A. aeneus which was firstly reported as sugarcane leaf sucker in India. A. congener was active from early July to late August in the greenhouse. Damage by the insect led to drying out and browning of turfgrass leaf because larva fed on cell sap of leaves and adult fed on leaf surface. A. congener damaged Zoysia japonica, Z. sinica, Conodon dactylon, and Poa pratensis when adults were artificially released into potted turfgrasses in the laboratory. In green house, A. congener damaged Z. japonica, Z. macrostachya, Z. matrella, Z. sinica, Conodon dactylon, and hybrid zoysiagrass. However, no damage symptoms were observed from the same turfgrass accessions in the nearby field of the greenhouse. Thus, the new coleopteran pest may be a warm-adapted pest for turfgrass, damaging turfgrass leaf only in warmer conditions.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.188-195
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• 2001

The anatomical characteristics of rhizome, lateral root, stem, leaf, petiole, ovary and leaf epidermis about Atractylodes japonica Koidz. ex Kitam. and A. macrocephala Koidz. were investigated to estimate these taxonomic values. The cross sections of stem and ovary were very similar to two species, therefore these characters were not useful for delimitation of two species, but the size and distribution numbers per 100${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$$^2$of oil cavites in rhizome, the shape of leaf and petiole in cross section, the size of leaf epidermal cell and distribution numbers per 100 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$$^2$of stomata were differ from two species, therefore these were thought to be useful characters for delimitation of two species.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2005

The leaf extracts of Araucaria bidwillii Hook. (Araucariaceae) were evaluated for their cytotoxic effect in various human cancer cell lines. Preliminary investigation by brine shrimp lethality assay indicated that $LC_{50}$ value of various successive extracts were found to be less than $1000\;{\mu}g/ml$, where the ethyl acetate extract showed maximum activity of less than $100\;{\mu}g/ml$. Further cytotoxic evaluation of various leaf extracts of Araucaria bidwilli Hook was carried out in four different human cancer cell lines-acute myeloblastic leukemia (HL-60), chronic myelogenic leukemia (K-562), breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) and cervical epithelial carcinoma (HeLa). Cytotoxicity was assessed by trypan blue dye exclusion method and 3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazole-2yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay. From the present investigation it was found that the ethyl acetate and methanol extract of Araucaria bidwilli Hook was found to be more effective in leukemic cell lines and was less effective in MCF-7 and HeLa. The $IC_{50}$ value of the ethyl acetate extract in leukemic cell lines was found to be $28.18\;and\;34.64\;{\mu}g/ml$ and methanol extract was found to be $33.11\;&\;39.81\;{\mu}g/ml$. It can be concluded that various extract from the leaves of Araucaria bidwillii Hook. posses cytotoxic activity tested in brine shrimps and various human carcinoma cell lines.