• 제목/요약/키워드: Leader or follower

검색결과 23건 처리시간 0.026초

LOS 알고리듬과 미지 입력 관측기에 기초한 선도-추종 대형 제어 (LOS (Line of Sight) Algorithm and Unknown Input Observer Based Leader-Follower Formation Control)

  • 윤석민;여태경;박성재;홍섭;김상봉
    • 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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    • 제16권3호
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    • pp.207-214
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    • 2010
  • This paper proposes about decentralized control approach based Leader-Follower formation control using LOS (Line of Sight) algorithm and unknown input observer. The position of robots which is a basic information in multi-robot or single robot motion control is determined by localization algorithm fusing UPS (Ultrasonic Position System) and kinematics model. For formation control, a decentralized control approach individually installing a local controller in leader and follower robot is adopted. Leader robot is controlled to track a specified trajectory by LOS algorithm, and the other robots follow the leader by local controller based on tracking platoon level function, self-sensing data and estimated information from unknown input observer. The performance of proposed method is proven through the formation experiment of two vehicle models.

UAV Formation Wight Control Law Utilizing Energy Maneuverability

  • Choi, Jong-Ug;Kim, You-Dan;Moon, Gwan-Young
    • International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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    • 제9권1호
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    • pp.31-41
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    • 2008
  • This paper deals with the energy saving problem of the follower aircraft in the loose leader-follower formation geometry in which the lateral separation between formation members is more than a wingspan of the leader aircraft. This formation geometry offers no drag benefit, but has a strategic advantage. In the case of loose formation flight, the follower aircraft usually consumes more energy than the leader aircraft because the follower aircraft should use more thrust to maintain given formation geometry, especially during the turning phase from the outside of the leader"s flight path or join-up phase. A formation control scheme based on the energy maneuverability is proposed in this paper. To design the proposed control law, the velocity command is designed using feedback linearization for the horizontal formation geometry and then coverts it to the altitude command using the energy equation. Numerical simulation is performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed controller.

Differential Impact of Customer Equity Drivers on Satisfaction: The Case of China's Telecommunications Industry

  • HaeJin Seo;Linlin Fu;Tae Ho Song
    • Asia Marketing Journal
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    • 제24권4호
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    • pp.178-189
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    • 2023
  • As the necessity of customer relationship management (CRM) increases, measuring the performance of CRM have been actively discussed. Customer equity (CE) is regarded as an appropriate indicator for evaluating the outcomes of marketing activities. There are three drivers of CE: brand, value, and relationship equity. This study aims to investigate the impact of three drivers on customer satisfaction. Market competition is an environmental factor that affects the effectiveness of CRM. This study divides target firms into leaders and followers. This study found that the differential impact of CE drivers on customer satisfaction depends on the firm's status (leader or follower). Specifically, the brand equity driver significantly impacts the leader firm. However, the impacts of value and relationship equity drivers are bigger for follower firms. The above results suggest that firms need to build CRM strategies that consider the competitive situation of the market and their position.

입력 제한을 가진 추종 로봇을 고려한 선도 로봇 제어기 (Leader Robot Controller Considering Follower with Input Constraint)

  • 이승주;홍석교
    • 전기학회논문지
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    • 제61권7호
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    • pp.1032-1040
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    • 2012
  • This paper proposes controller of leader robot considering following robot with input constraints based on leader-following approach. In the previous formation control researches, it was assumed that leader and follower is same object. If leader robot drives as maximum speed that the initial position errors still remain even if following robot have same velocity as a leader. In the situation that velocity of following robot is lower than its leader robot, following robot cannot follow leader robot. Furthermore, the following robot will not be able to made formation with leader robot and keep proximity communication or sensing range. Therefore, multiple mobile robot system using leader-following method should be guaranteed range to get information each other. In this paper, Leader robot is driving to goal position using linear controller and following robot is following trajectory to be made from leader robot. We assume that following robot has input constraints to realize different performance between leader robot and following robot. We design controller of leader robot for desired goal position including the errors between formation and following robot. Thus, we propose leader robot controller considering input constraints of following robot. Finally, we were able to confirm the validity of the proposed method based on simulation results.

Cooperating Control of Multiple Nonholonomic Mobile Robots Carrying a Ladder with Obstacles

  • Yang, Dong-Hoon;Choi, Yong-Chul;Hong, Suk-Kyo
    • 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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    • pp.818-829
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    • 2003
  • A cooperating control algorithm for two nonholonomic mobile robots is proposed. The task is composed of collision avoidance against obstacles and carrying a ladder. The front robot and the rear robot are called the leader and the follower, respectively. Each robot has a nonholonomic constraint so it cannot move in perpendicular directions. The environment is initially supposed to be unknown except target position. The torque that drives leader is determined by distance between the leader and the target position or the distance between it and the obstacles. The torque by target is attractive and the torque by obstacles is repulsive. The two mobile robots are supposed to be connected by link that can be expanded and contracted. The follower computes its torque using position and orientation information from the leader by communication. Simulation results show that the robots can drive to target position without colliding into the obstacles and maintain the distance in the allowable range.

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Reference State Tracking in Distributed Leader-Following Wireless Sensor Networks with Limited Errors

  • Mou, Jinping;Wang, Jie
    • Journal of Communications and Networks
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    • 제17권6호
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    • pp.602-608
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    • 2015
  • In this paper, the limited error tracking problem is investigated for distributed leader-following wireless sensor networks (LFWSNs), where all sensors share data by the local communications, follower sensors are influenced by leader sensors directly or indirectly, but not vice versa, all sensor nodes track a reference state that is determined by the states of all leader sensors, and tracking errors are limited. In a LFWSN, the communicating graph is mainly expressed by some complete subgraphs; if we fix subgraphs that are composed of all leaders while all nodes in complete subgraphs of followers run on the sleeping-awaking method, then the fixed leaders and varying followers topology is obtained, and the switching topology is expressed by a Markov chain. It is supposed that the measurements of all sensors are corrupted by additive noises. Accordingly, the limited error tracking protocol is proposed. Based on the theory of asymptotic boundedness in mean square, it is shown that LFWSN keeps the limited error tracking under the designed protocol.

편대 유도 법칙 및 초소형 비행체의 자동 편대 비행 구현 (Leader - Follower based Formation Guidance Law and Autonomous Formation Flight Test of Multiple MAVs)

  • 유동일;심현철
    • 한국항공우주학회지
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    • 제39권2호
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    • pp.121-127
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    • 2011
  • 본 논문에서는 초소형 비행체의 자동 편대 비행을 위한 유도 법칙과 비행 시험 결과를 기술하였다. 초소형 비행체는 탑재 중량과 비행시간 등의 제한으로 인해 짧은 시간 안에 복수의 비행체가 임무를 분담하거나 협력하여 동시에 수행하는 것이 효율적이며 편대 비행은 이러한 임무 하중을 효과적으로 감소시킬 수 있다. 제안된 편대 유도 법칙은 Leader-Follower 편대 비행의 기하학적 관계 기반으로 비선형 모델 역변환 기법을 이용하여 설계하였다. 편대 유도 법칙에 필요한 비행체의 상태 정보는 비행체 간 고속의 데이터 통신 시스템을 구성하고 지상국을 통해 송수신하도록 하였다. 본 연구에서 제안된 비행체간 통신 기반의 편대 유도 기법은 센서의 측정 잡음에 대한 강건한 성능을 확인하기 위해 실제 비행 데이터 기반 시뮬레이션을 수행하였고 다수의 초소형 비행체를 이용한 편대 비행 시험을 통해 유도 법칙의 타당성을 검증하고 확인하였다.

Control system design for vessel towing system by activating rudders of the towed vessel

  • Lee, Dong-Hun;Chakir, Soumayya;Kim, Young-Bok;Tran, Duc-Quan
    • International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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    • 제12권1호
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    • pp.943-956
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    • 2020
  • In this study, the motion control problem of the vessel towed by a towing ship (tugboat) is considered. The non-powered towed ship is dragged by the towing ship. Even though the towed ship is equipped with propulsion systems, they cannot be used at low or constant speeds due to safety issues. In narrow canals, rivers, and busy harbor areas especially, where extreme tension is required during towing operation, the course stability of the towed vessel depends on the towing ship. Therefore, the authors propose a new control strategy in which the rudder system of the towed vessel is activated to provide its maneuverability. Based on the leader-follower system configuration, a nonlinear mathematical model is derived and a back-stepping control is designed. By simulation and experiment results with a comparison study, the usefulness and effectiveness of the proposed strategy are validated.

『주역』 속에 나타난 최고 통치권자와 부하 직원의 상호 작용 관계 연구 (A Study for the Relationship between the Sovereign and the Follower in Juyeok)

  • 이대희
    • 동양고전연구
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    • 제32호
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    • pp.363-390
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    • 2008
  • 이 논문에서는 "주역"의 기본 요소인 음양, 소성 팔괘, 대성 64괘를 토대로 최고 통치권자와 하위 직원 사이의 관계 유형을 살펴보았다. "주역"에서 최고통치권자인 5효는 (1) 기본적으로 양(陽)이냐 음(陰)이냐에 따라 기본적 특성에 차이를 보이고(대분류), (2) 자신이 몸담고 있는 소성괘의 특성에 기반한 특징을 보이며(중분류), (3) 대성괘(大成卦)의 상황에 따라 다른 특성을 보인다(세(細)분류). 양효인 5효는 '양의 성질'을 가진 남성형 최고 통치권자로 여겨지고, 음효인 5효는 '음의 성질'을 가진 여성형 최고 통치권자로 볼 수 있다. 건괘는 가장 건장한 지도자로서 의젓함과 판단력이 뛰어난 '건장한 지도자형'이고, 태괘는 건장함 속에 자애롭고 차분한 '은택의 지도자형'이다. 리괘는 화려하고 열정적인 '열정의 지도자형'이고, 진괘는 음이 지배적인 분위기 속에서 용기 있게 시작의 상승 작용을 하는 '개척의 지도자형'이다. 손괘는 사양하고 양보하는 미덕을 지닌 '겸양의 지도자형'이며, 감괘는 항시 아래하면서 냉정한 사리분별력을 가진 '지혜의 지도자형'이다. 간괘는 땅의 위로 우뚝 솟구친 '의지의 지도자형'이며, 곤괘는 곧고 반듯하며 모든 것을 받아들이는 '포용의 지도자형'이다. 소성괘가 중첩되어 이루어진 대성괘(64괘)는 소성 8괘의 속성이 아래(내괘), 위(외괘)로 현현(顯顯)된다. 그러면서 동시에 대성괘 전체의 특성이 나타나게 된다. 최고 통치 지도자도 이런 '대성괘가 가지고 있는 속성'을 바탕으로 지도력을 발휘해야만 한다. 이 '대성괘가 가지고 있는 속성'은 상황적 리더십의 '상황'으로서, 다른 말로 하면 지도자가 인정하고 들어가야만 하는 전제 조건이기도 한다.

기술선도국과의 상대적 생산성 수준과 한국 제조업 생산성간의 관계 (The Relative Productivity to the Technology Frontier and Korea's Productivity Growth)

  • 최용석
    • 국제지역연구
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    • 제12권2호
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    • pp.99-123
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    • 2008
  • 본 논문은 기술추종국(technology follower)으로서의 한국 제조업의 상황을 명시적으로 감안하기 위하여 기술선도국(technology frontier)과의 상대적 생산성 수준을 국제적으로 비교 가능한 방식으로 추정하고, 이러한 상대적 기술격차가 한국 제조업의 산업별 총요소생산성 증가율을 설명함에 있어 어떠한 역할을 하였는가를 분석한다. 1988~2003년 기간 중 한국의 10개 제조업을 대상으로 수행된 실증분석의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째 기존의 연구들에서 발견되는 바와 같이 연구개발 집약도, 무역지수, 인적자본지수 등은 총요소생산성 증가에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째 기술선도국과의 기술격차가 클수록 그리고 기술선도국의 총요소생산성 증가율이 빠를수록 한국의 해당산업 총요소생산성 증가율이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째 기술선도국과의 기술격차가 클 경우에는 기술선진국들과의 무역을 통한 기술이전이 연구개발 활동이나 인적자본의 축적 등의 경로보다 해당산업의 총요소생산성을 증가시키는 데 보다 효율적인 것으로 나타났다.