• World Technopolis Review
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.148-158
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• 2017

Sejong City, which has been chosen as a new administrative capital of South Korea, has completed the first phase of its development plan with the construction of the facilities needed to accommodate central administrative organizations and the required accompanying population. Now, it is undergoing the second phase of development with a focus on strengthening the region's innovation capacity to catalyze endogenous development. The strategy for phase II is to establish a regional innovation system including building necessary infrastructure and attracting innovation agents such as universities, businesses, and research institutes. The first step for this is developing a research complex, tentatively named Tech Valley, that includes universities, research institutes, and businesses, and building infrastructure comprising a science complex, a knowledge industry center, and support facilities. Phase II of the city's development initiative includes the establishment of a joint university campus, which is to serve as a center to promote cooperation among industry actors, universities, and research institutes. The concept of a joint campus has been drawn from a need to enhance capacity for innovation and specialization in the region's industries and to maximize synergy among participating universities through the sharing of research equipment, facilities, and programs. The joint campus is expected to play a key role in creating an innovation system in the region by enhancing research capacity for strategic industries, cultivating highly skilled human resources, and leading industry-academia-research cooperation. In order to ensure the sustainable development of the new city, there is a growing need to have a main player in place that could lead the region's economic development. The joint campus will propel industrial specialization and serve as a catalyst to attract competent universities to the region. This paper will examine the concept, major functions, and the establishment and operation of the joint campus.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.96-106
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• 1984

Changes in weed floras and development of plant resistance to herbicides seemed to be closely related with increased and repeated use of herbicides. Herbicide use increased from 5% of the total consumption of pesticide in 1950 to 45% in 1976 in world basis. About 200 herbicides have been introduced to agriculture so as to control about 206 weed species which have been recorded important to human beings. In Korea, there was about 351 times in increased use of herbicides from 1966 to 1982. Interspecific selection by herbicide is mainly responsible for changes in weed floras and resulted in varying tolerance or susceptibility to herbicides, together with the changes of agricultural practices. The present trend toward continuous cereal cultivation throughout world will lead to type of changes in weed floras favorable to therophyte which can survive under unfavorable conditions as seeds rather than the types of geophyte which can survive unfavorable seasons as buds placed below soil surface. However, geophyte such as Sagitaria pygmaea, and Scirpus jurtcoides, and Cyperus rotundus and Cynodon dactylon in temperate warm climate become severe paddy weeds, presumably because of the removal of annual weeds by herbicides. Since differential tolerance to 2,4-D was firstly reported in Agrostis stolofera, about 30 species of weeds in 18 genera are presently known to have developed resistance to triazine herbicides. Resistance of weed biotypes to triazine herbicide is not mainly due to limited absorption and translocation or to the difference in metabolism, but is the result of biochemical changes at the site of metabolic activity, such as a loss of herbicide affinity for triazine binding site in the photosystem II complex of the chloroplast membrane. Genetical study showed that plastid resistance to triazine was wholly inherited through cytoplasmic DNA in the case of Brassica campestris. Plant tissue culture method can be utilized as an alternate mean of herbicide screening and development of resistance variants to herbicides as suggested by Chaleff and Parsons. In this purpose, one should be certain that the primary target process is operational in cell culture. Further, there are a variety of obstacles in doing this type of research, particularly development of resistance source and it's regeneration because cultured cells and whole plants represent different developmental state.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.67-80
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• 2014

Objectives: This study is aimed to analyze the influential factors on the fear that college students and elderly people feel during the dental treatment and provide basic data needed to develop a plan which can lead them to have a positive perspective on dentistry. Methods: A questionnaire was distributed to 241 outpatients (39 college students, 202 elderly people) visiting dental clinic of 'K' University Hospital in Seoul from January to April, 2013. It was filled in a self-administered manner and collected right away. Results: factor analysis, three factors were configured when the factors with 1.0 or higher of eigenvalue were extracted using 19 questions through which dental fear and anxiety were measured against college students and elderly people. The questionnaires were classified into three categories: Factor I (stimulus response), Factor II (avoidance of the treatment) and Factor III (physiological response which occurs when a patient feels fear). As a result, it was confirmed that the questionnaire tool is highly feasible. In college students, the responses they felt during the dental treatment in the said three factors were as follows: 52.00% in Factor II, 14.14% in Factor II and 6.99% in Factor III (73.129% in total). In elderly people, on the contrary, they were 52.41% in Factor I, 10.57% in Factor II and 7.98% in Factor III (70.958% in total), lower than the college student group. Conclusions: This study is significant in that it confirmed complex relations between dental fear and related variables against college students and elderly people.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.99-99
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• 2001

The acid-labile subunit (ALS) associates with insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I or -II and IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) to form a 150-kD complex in the circulation. This complex is thought to regulate the serum IGFs by restricting them in the vascular system and promotes their endocrine actions. Little is known about how ALS binds to IGFBP3, which connects the IGFs to ALS. Xenopus oocyte was utilized to study the function of ALS in assembling IGFs into the ternary complexes. Xenopus oocyte was shown to correctly translate in vitro transcribed mRNAs of ALS and IGFBP3. IGFBP3 and ALS mRNAs were injected in mixture and their products were immunoprecipitated by antisera against ALS and IGFBP3. Contrary to the traditional reports that ALS interacts only with IGF-bound IGFBP3, this study shows that ALS is capable of forming a binary complex with IGFBP3 in the absence of IGF. When cross-linked by disuccinimidyl substrate, band representing ALS-IGFBP3 complex was evident on the PAGE. IGFBP3 movement was monitored according to the distribution between the hemispheres. Following a localized translation in the vegetal hemisphere, IGFBP3 was shown to remain in the vegetal half in the presence of ALS. Different from wild type IGFBP3, however, mutant IGFBP3 freely diffused into the animal half despite the presence of ALS. Taken together, this study suggests that ALS may play an important role in sequestering IGFBP3 polypeptides via the intermolecular aggregation. Studies using this heterologous model will lead to a better understanding of the IGFBP3 and ALS assembling into the ternary structure and circulating IGF system.

• BMB Reports
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.186-193
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• 2002

The acid-bible subunit (ALS) associates with the insulinlike growth factor (IGF)-I or II, and the IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) in order to form a 150-kD complex in the circulation. This complex may regulate the serum IGFs by restricting them in the vascular system and promoting their endocrine actions. Little is known about how ALS binds to IGFBP3, which connects the IGFs to ALS. Xenopus oocyte was utilized to study the function of ALS in assembling IGFs into the ternary complexes. Xenopus oocyte was shown to correctly translate in vitro transcribed mRNAs of ALS and IGFBP3. IGFBP3 and ALS mRNAs were injected in a mixture, and their products were immunoprecipitated by antisera against ALS and IGFBP3. Contrary to traditional reports that ALS interacts only with IGF-bound IGFBP3, this study shows that ALS is capable of forming a binary complex with IGFBP3 in the absence of IGF When cross-linked by disuccinimidyl suberate, the band that represents the ALS-IGFBP3 complex was evident on the PAGE. IGFBP3 movement was monitored according to the distribution between the hemispheres. Following a localized translation in the vegetal hemisphere, IGFBP3 remained in the vegetal half in the presence of ALS. However, the mutant IGFBP3 freely diffused into the animal half, despite the presence of ALS, which is different from the wild type IGFBP3. This study, therefore, suggests that ALS may play an important role in sequestering IGFBP3 polypeptides via the intermolecular aggregation. Studies using this heterologous model will lead to a better understanding of the IGFBP3 and ALS that assemble into the ternary structure and circulate the IGF system.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.338-348
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• 1997

The electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters on unipolar precordial chest leads in the normal Korean native goat of 343 heads as to CV$_{6}$LU, CV$_{6}$LL CV$_{6}$RU, CV$_{6}$RL and V10 have been measured with a 3-channel Elertrocardiograph and computed, analysed. All wave types as positive, negatives biphasic and flatting in the P and T waves appeared in all leads but any special wave type was not shown more than 60%. Average amplitudes with the highest frequent rate in P wave were 81.4$\pm$32.0 $\mu $V (52.3%), 59.6$\pm $ 27.5 $\mu $V (50.5 %) of Positive type in leads CV$_{6}$LU and CV$_{6}$LL, and -5fl.5$\pm $22.6 $\mu $V (44.0%) of negative type in leads VIO, and 51.3% and 44% of flatting type in leads CV$_{6}$RU and CV$_{6}$RL, but flatting type of clinic form appeared frequent rate between 53% and 77% in all leads. In T wave, average amplitudes with the highest frequent rate were 265.0$\pm $97.1 $\mu $V (54.0%) and 212.2$\pm $90.7 $\mu $V (57.0%) of positive type in leads CV$_{6}$LL and CV$_{6}$RL, and -252.8$\pm $90.7 $\mu $V (56.6%) of negative in lead V10, but amplitudes of T waves that positive and negative type appeared similarity frequent ra蛇 ware 208.7$\pm $99.7 $\mu $V (42.1%), -159.0$\pm $81.6 (43.8%) in lead CV$_{6}$LU and 153.2$\pm $139.0 $\mu $V (47.3%), -130.0$\pm $81.4 (43.2%) in lead CV$_{6}$RU, Amplitudes of QRS complex wave forms showed the highest frequent rate were 218.2$\pm $96.4 $\mu $V (47.8%), 308.3$\pm $135.2 $\mu $V (46.8 %), 232.8$\pm $126.5 $\mu $V (58.5%) and 225.3$\pm $89.6 $\mu $V (54.9%) of R type in the leeds CV$_{6}$LU, CV$_{6}$LL, CV$_{6}$RU and CV$_{6}$RL, and were -92.5$\pm $79.1 $\mu $V,479.0 $\pm $116.6 $\mu $V (33.2%) and 212.1 $\pm $86.7 $\mu $V (32.8%) of QR and 05 type in the lead V10. These results in the V10, CV$_{6}$RU, CV$_{6}$RL, CV$_{6}$LU, CV$_{6}$LL. may be not starve to purpose of unipolar precordial chest leads.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제38권12호
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• pp.1054-1063
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• 2015

Mitochondria play a crucial role in eukaryotic cells; the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) generates adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which serves as an energy source for numerous critical cellular activities. However, the ETC also generates deleterious reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a natural byproduct of oxidative phosphorylation. ROS are considered the major cause of aging because they damage proteins, lipids, and DNA by oxidation. We analyzed the chronological life span, growth phenotype, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and intracellular ATP and mitochondrial superoxide levels of 33 single ETC component-deleted strains during the chronological aging process. Among the ETC mutant strains, 14 ($sdh1{\Delta}$, $sdh2{\Delta}$, $sdh4{\Delta}$, $cor1{\Delta}$, $cyt1{\Delta}$, $qcr7{\Delta}$, $qcr8{\Delta}$, $rip1{\Delta}$, $cox6{\Delta}$, $cox7{\Delta}$, $cox9{\Delta}$, $atp4{\Delta}$, $atp7{\Delta}$, and $atp17{\Delta}$) showed a significantly shorter life span. The deleted genes encode important elements of the ETC components succinate dehydrogenase (complex II) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV), and some of the deletions lead to structural instability of the membrane-$F_1F_0$-ATP synthase due to mutations in the stator stalk (complex V). These short-lived strains generated higher superoxide levels and produced lower ATP levels without alteration of MMP. In summary, ETC mutations decreased the life span of yeast due to impaired mitochondrial efficiency.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제40권12호
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• pp.724-732
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• 1996

물시료중 흔적량 비스무트, 카드뮴, 납, 코발트를 Cu(II)-pyrrolidinedithiocabamate 착물로 공침부선시켜 분리 정량하는 방법에 관하여 연구하였다. 부선조건인 시료용액의 pH, 공침제로 이용되는 구리의 양, 착화제인 APDC의 양, 저어주는 시간, 계면활성제 등을 조사하여 최적화시켰다. 흔적량 분석원소가 포함된 시료용액 1.0 L에 공침제 이온인 1, 000.mu.g/mL Cu(II) 표준용액을 3mL가하고, 자석젓개로 저으면서 질산 용액으로 pH2.5로 조절하였다. 2.0% ammonium pyrroildinedithiocarbamate(APDC) 용액을 첨가하여 Cu(II)-PDC 착물을 침전시켜 분석원소를 공침시켰다. 여기에 계면활성제인 0.2% sodium laurl sulfate 용액을 가하고, 다공성 유리판을 통해 질소를 불어서 침전을 띄웠다. 표면에 뜬 침전을 포집한 다음, 걸러서 진한 질산으로 녹여 탈염수로 25.0mL가 되게 하였고, 흑연로 원자흡수 분광광도법으로 농축된 분석원소를 정량하였다. 본 방법을 네가지 물시료에 적용하여 흔적량 원소를 동시에 농축 정량하였고, 일정량의 분석원소를 동일 시료에 첨가하여 정량한 회수율 90-120%로서 여기서 제시한 분석법이 흔적량 분석에서 정량적임을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제76권3호
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• pp.275-294
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• 1987

In the United States, forest administration is a constantly changing complex of policies, programs, and management regulations. Forest administration is the product of a brief but tumultuous history during which much of the forests which once covered half the land were coutover for farms, industry, and cities. In the last 15 years, forest administration has been increasingly dominated by concerns for maintaining an ecological balance. Current forest administration is deeply rooted in the American traditions of decentralized federalism and free enterprise, yet combines state socialism and private capitalism. The major elements of U.S. forest administration consist of : 1) programs and policies on taxation, professional education and research, and "cooperative forestry", 2) state controls on forest practices for privately owned lands, and of federal policies and regulations for the management of federal lands. The federal Forest Service has played a lead role in developing and implementing national forest policies and programs. Since the end of World War II, the national forests managed by the Forest Service for multiple use have provided and ever growing fraction of domestic timber needs. In the coming decades, cultural and social trends may force a change in management policy on federal land, reducing the importance of timber harvesting in relation to amenity values.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.65-98
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• 2022

The nuclear legacy that remains in the United Kingdom (UK) is complex and diverse. Consisting of legacy ponds and silos, redundant reprocessing plants, research facilities, and non-standard or one-off reactor designs, the clean-up of this legacy is under the stewardship of the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA). Through a mix of prompt and delayed decommissioning strategies, the NDA has made great strides in dealing with the UK's nuclear legacy. Fuel debris and sludge removal from the legacy ponds and silos situated at Sellafield, as part of a prompt decommissioning strategy for the site, has enabled intolerable risks to be brought under control. Reactor defueling and waste retrievals across the Magnox fleet is enabling their transition to a period of care and maintenance; accelerated through the adopted 'Lead and Learn' approach. Bespoke decommissioning methods implemented by the NDA have also enabled the relevant site licence companies to tackle non-standard reactor designs and one-off wastes. Such approaches have potential to influence and shape nuclear decommissioning decision making activities globally, including in Korea.