• 환경영향평가
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.299-308
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• 2006

To utilize a closed municipal solid waste landfill site in environmentally secure conditions, it is necessary to verify the stabilization level of landfill leachate. To assess leachate stabilization of an open-dumping municipal solid waste landfill site (Salmi Landfill) which is located at the vicinity of Chungju Reservoir which flows into Paldang Reservoir utilized as Seoul Metropolitan water supplies, the landfill history and surrounding characteristics of the landfill site were surveyed. In this investigation, waste, leachate, groundwater and surfacewater samples from this landfill were physically and chemically analyzed, and the analysis results were evaluated by 'The Criteria of Landfill Waste Stabilization (CLWS)', 'Discharge Criteria of Landfill Leachate', 'The Criteria of Domestic Use in Groundwater Quality', and 'The Criteria of Domestic Use in Surfacewater Quality' that promulgated by Korean Ministry of Environment. From the analysis results on the Salmi open-dumping landfill, C/N ratio was 18.9 and $BOD/COD_{Cr}$ ratios in leachate were higher than 1/10. Based on the CLWS, this results seemed to imply that the process of leachate stabilization at this landfill was still proceeding.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.115-124
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• 2004

To utilize a closed municipal solid waste landfill site in environmentally secure conditions, it is necessary to verify the stabilization level of landfill leachate. To assess leachate stabilization of an open-dumping municipal solid waste landfill (Noeun Landfill) which is located at the upper drainage basin of Namhan River which flows into Lake Paldang utilized for Seoul Metropolitan water supplies, the surrounding characteristics of the landfill site was surveyed. After then, leachate, groundwater and soil samples from this landfill were chemically analyzed, and the analysis results were evaluated by "The Criteria of Landfill Waste Stabilization(CLWS)", "Discharge Criteria of Landfill Leachate", "The Criteria of Domestic Use in Groundwater Quality", and "Soil Contamination Criteria" promulgated by Korean Ministry of Environment. The closed open-dumping landfill was equipped with the final soil cover, 3 groundwater monitoring wells and poor landfill gas extraction devices for the post-closure management of the landfill. BOD/CODcr ratios in leachate were less than or slightly higher than 1/10. This results seemed to imply that the leachate stabilization level of this landfill based on the CLWS was almost completed. Qualities of groundwater sampled from monitoring wells located at outside of landfill were adequate for "The Criteria of Domestic Use in Groundwater Quality". Finally, concentrations of soil contaminants that were likely to be influenced by this landfill site were adequate to "Soil Contamination Criteria".

• 환경위생공학
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.9-18
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• 1998

An experimental research was conducted to establish primary data for the stabilization assessment of industrial wastes landfill with analysis of waste components and investigation of leachate and gas generation, using three sets of lysimeter as experimental apparatus. Comparing results of lysimeter from data of landfill, it is suggested that lysimeter of this study can be used to accomplish the stabilization assessment of the real landfill site. Moisture content was lower as landfill period was older and combustible component was the highest in lysimeter C. The C/N ratio of waste was 7.4~14.4 and, with the elemental analysis, the theoretical gas generation rate based on the modified Buswell equation was 0.47~0.49 $m^3/kg-dry$ waste in lysimeter C. Considering the C/N ratio of leachate, it is concluded that the addition of carbon source is needed to biodegrade leachate hereafter. Gas generation rate($m^3/kg-dry$ waste) from lysimeter A, B and C was 0.0009, 0.014 and 0.0067, respectively, and different from each other according to the landfill period of wastes. The results in this study show that the biodegradation of microorganism for stabilization of landfill was inhibited and more activated in acidogenic step than in methanogenic of anaerobic degradation.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.221-232
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• 1993

본 연구는 도시폐기물을 매립지에서 발생하는 침출오수를 실험실에서 유기질 도시폐기물을 충진한 모형매립반응조를 이용하여 각기 다른 체류시간에 따른 침출오수 순환방식과 비순환방식으로 운영했을 때의 안정화에 소요되는 기간을 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과 pH 조정(중성)에 의한 침출오수 재순환은 매립지내의 혐기성균을 급속하게 증대시켜 유기물의 생물학적 분해를 가속화시키고 안정화기간을 단축시켰다. 침출오수의 BOD와 COD의 경우 초기에는 COD=BOD 였으나, 매립기간이 경과함에 따라 COD>BOD, $COD{\gg}BOD$ 의 추세를 보였다. 가스발생량은 침출오수 비순환반응조보다 재순환반응조에서 더욱 많이 발생하였고 체류시간이 짧을수록 가스발생량이 증가하였다.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2000

The objective of this study is to find solid waste decomposition in landfill without leachate discharge. This study was observed variation of landfill gas production rate and leachate for stabilization assessment, and using four sets of lysimeter as experimental apparatus. Soild waste decomposition was accelerated in without leachate discharge system by sufficient moisture for methane bacteria. And gas production rate was between 54.2ℓ/kg VS∼335.9ℓ/kg VS in each lysimeter. Generation time of methane gas was showed different in each lysimeter, but it was much faster than literature research. The time of stabilization phase were began as follows : L-1 400 day, L-2 350 day, L-3 170 day and L-4 70 day respectively. Decreasing times of BOD/COD ratio and C/N ratio were necessary more than literature research because organic matter was not discharge such as wash out.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.417-425
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• 1994

Leachate from municipal landfill site is known to be hard to treat because it commonly contains various toxic material and heavy metals. In addition, portions of biodegradable organic substances in leachate are decreasing in the course of wastes stabilization, which is one of the critical reason for inefficient biological treatment at the end stage of landfill site operation. So this study was conducted to examine the feasibility of municipal lanuill leachate pretreatment using electrolysis. The optimum electrode combination was made. The optimum electrode combination was found to be lead and graphite.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2002

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.1035-1043
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• 2007

본 연구는 침출수 재순환 공법과 산소요구량과 탄소요구량의 절감이 가능한 단축질소제거공법(shortcut biological nitrogen removal: SBNR)을 병합하여 침출수중의 암모니아와 유기물을 효과적으로 제거하는 방안에 대해 부피 약 200 $m^3$의 pilot 규모 매립지를 만들어 연구하였다. 매립지에서 발생한 침출수는 연속회분식반응기(sequencing batch reactor: SBR)형태의 on-site reactor에서 암모니아성 질소를 아질산으로 부분질산화 시킨 후 매립지로 재유입 시켜 지중탈질(in-situ denitrification)을 유도하였다. 침출수는 매립면적에 따른 년평균 강우량을 기준으로 약 221 L/cycle을 주당 3회 재순환 하였다. 그 결과 반응시간은 약 6시간으로 운전하였을 때 $NO_2^{-}-N/NO_x-N$의 비는 약 0.8에 이르러 효과적인 아질산 축적을 이룰 수 있었으며 온도저하로 인해 질산화의 저해가 일어나기 이전의 질산화 효율은 약 80%에 달하여 단축질소제거공정을 위한 아질산 축적이 가능함을 보여주었다. 이와 같이 SBR을 통해 질산화하여 재순환한 침출수의 $NO_x$-N는 모형 매립지 내에서 모두 제거할 수 있었으며, 침출수에 비교적 높은 농도의 황산염이 존재하여 황산염환원 및 황을 이용한 독립영양탈질반응이 매우 중요한 반응기전이 되는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 침출수 재순환 공법과 단축질소제거공법을 병합한 조기안정화 기술은 매립지의 조기안정화와 침출수의 질소제거에 효과적인 공법으로 사용할 수 있을 것이라 사료된다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2011

This study examined evaluation on stabilization of major and trace elements in tailings by various surface water-preventing materials. Six columns were filled with tailings of the Sinlim mine, then covered with tailings only, compacted soils, clay, soil-bentonite mixture, pozzolan and bentonite mat. After injection of artificial rain water, the leachate was sampled with times (3, 6, 9 and 12 pore volume) and analysed for major (Ca, Na, Mg, K) and trace elements (As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn) by ICP-AES. With exception to pozzolan type, the pH values of leachate from the other types became stabilized from 5.5 to 7.5, and EC (electric conductivity) of leachate from them decreased with times. For the pozzolan type, however, the pH and EC of leachate increased with time due to its alkalinity producing system. Concentrations of most major and trace elements in leachate decreased and stabilized with time. Consequently, soil-bentonite mixed cover shows the best ability of water-preventing and reducing mobility of elements in tailings site.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2001년도 The 6th International Symposium of East Asian Resources Recycling Technology
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• pp.448-452
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• 2001

An Experimental study was carried out to develop a simple method of processing copper waste sludge which is produced by PBC manufacturing. The procedure is based on leaching of wet sludge in 2N H$_2$SO$_4$, and the solid / liquid ratio is controlled approximately at 1/10. The recovery of copper is 85.4%, and pH of the leachate is 3.20. Adding ammonia solution into leachate forms ammine, and hydroxide compounds derived from other impurities in leachate at pH 10. The hydroxide compound can be treated by ferrite process, and the product is a stable oxide compound. Then the ammine solution is heated to evaporate ammonia, and the copper hydroxide is formed. Heating at 8$0^{\circ}C$by aeration, copper hydroxide is transformed into copper oxide with a purity of 98.4%. This process can recover most copper from sludge and the residue can be stabilized by the formation of a stable oxide compound which is not hazardous to environment.