• 제목/요약/키워드: Laurenson method

검색결과 2건 처리시간 0.009초

GIS를 이용한 등시간도 작성의 평가 (Evaluation for Constructing Isochrones using a GIS)

  • 조효섭;김계호;정관수;김재한
    • 한국수자원학회논문집
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    • 제36권6호
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    • pp.925-936
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    • 2003
  • 본 연구는 Clark의 도달시간-집수면적도륵 이용한 유역추적법에 적용되는 등시간도 작성에 있어 GIS기법을 적용하기 위해 포형자료의 공간 모형화를 수행한 것이다. 기존의 수 작업으로 수행했던 하천종단법 및 Clark-kict법, Laurenson법, SCS법 등의 작업을 일관성 및 재현성을 높일 수 있고, GIS기법이 적용 가능하도록 다음과 같이 공간 모형화를 수행하였다. 하천종단법 및 Clark-kict법은 벡터형태의 실제 하천망도 만을 이용하여 실제 하천망도의 흐름방향과 하천망도기 꼭지점을 점사상 커버리지로 변환하고, 이를 주워진 임의의 두 점 사이의 거리를 흐름방향으로 추적하여 거리를 측정할 수 있는 ARC/INFO의 Route_System을 이용하여 작성할 수 있는 방법을 제시하였다. Laurenson법은 벡터형태의 실제 하천망을 정방형격자의 고도행렬로 표현되는 DEM자료에 위치시켜 실제 하천망을 DEM자료에 정의한 Bum DEM(Equivalent DEM)로부터 유역의 흐름방향과 원본 DEM자료의 경사를 래스터(Raster)기반으로 모형화하였다. S.C.S방법은 토지이용조건과 유속을 경사의 함수로 표시한 공식을 적용할 수 있도록 래스터기반으로 모형화하여 적용하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 공간 모형화 방법별로 등시간도를 작성하고, HEC-1모형을 이용한 모의 유출수문곡선과 실측 수문곡선를 비교하여 그 적합성을 평가하였다. 평가결과 유역의 토지이용조건과 경사를 고려한 SCS방법이 타 방법에 비하여 비교적 합당함을 보여주웠다.

유역 특성과 유출추적에 의한 단위도 해석에 관한 고찰 (A Study on the Interpretalion of the Synthetic Unit Hydrograph According to the Characteristics of catchment Area and Runoff Routing)

  • 서승덕
    • 한국농공학회지
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    • 제8권1호
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    • pp.1088-1096
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    • 1966
  • The following is a method of synthetic unitgraph derivation based on the routing of a time area diagram through channel storage, studied by Clark-Jonstone and Laurenson. Unithy drograph (or unitgraph) is the hydrograph that would result from unit rainfall\ulcorner excess occuring uniformly with respect to both time and area over a catchment in unit time. By thus standarzing rainfall characteristics and ignoring loss, the unitgraph represents only the effects of catchment characteristics on the time distribution of runoff from a catchment The situation abten arises where it is desirable to derive a unitgraph for the design of dams, large bridge, and flood mitigation works such as levees, floodways and other flood control structures, and are also used in flood forecasting, and the necessary hydrologie records are not available. In such cases, if time and funds permit, it may be desirable to install the necessary raingauges, pruviometers, and stream gaging stations, and collect the necessary data over a period of years. On the otherhand, this procedure may be found either uneconomic or impossible on the grounds of time required, and it then becomes necessary to synthesise a unitgraph from a knowledge of the physical charcteristics of the catchment. In the preparing the approach to the solution of the problem we must select a number of catchment characteristic(shape, stream pattern, surface slope, and stream slope, etc.), a number of parameters that will define the magnitude and shape of the unit graph (e.g. peak discharge, time to peak, and base length, etc.), evaluate the catch-ment characteristics and unitgraph parameters selected, for a number of catchments having adequate rainfall and stream data and obtain Correlations between the two classes of data, and assume the relationships derived in just above question apply to other, ungaged, Catchments in the same region and, knowing the physical characteritics of these catchments, substitute for them in the relation\ulcorner ships to determine the corresponding unitgraph parameters. This method described in this note, based on the routing of a time area diagram through channel storage, appears to provide a logical line of research and they allow a readier correlation of unitgraph parameters with catchment characteristics. The main disadvantage of this method appears to be the error in routing all elements of rainfall excess through the same amount of storage. evertheless, it should be noted that the synthetic unitgraph method is more accurate than the rational method since it takes account of the shape and tophography of the catchment, channel storage, and temporal variation of rainfall excess, all of which are neglected in rational method.

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