• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.1608-1613
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sling exercise on muscle activity and balance on football players with chronic ankle instability. Eight subjects performed Biodex and sling exercises for four weeks and compared the muscle activity and balance ability of the uninjured and injured feet. Stable and unstable foot % MVIC did not change significantly after treatment in all muscles. The total balance ability was not significantly different between the two groups, however, increased only in the unstable side. The anterior/posterior balance ability also represented no significant difference between the groups and was significantly improved only in the unstable side. The medial/lateral balance ability was not significantly different between the groups and was significantly improved only in the unstable side. This study suggests that sling exercise contributes to improving % MVIC, total balance ability, anterior/posterior balance ability, and medial/lateral balance ability of the unstable side.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.423-426
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• 2022

Reconstruction of the upper lateral lip subunit is challenging, and use of several classical local flaps have been previously reported. However, these methods have drawbacks such as visible scarring, anatomic distortion, and functional disability. To obtain satisfactory results, preservation of perioral function is important. We report a case of functional upper lip reconstruction after tumor resection using a reverse facial-submental artery island flap with a reinnervated anterior belly of the digastric muscle (ABDM) without sacrificing the perioral structure. A 73-year-old man presented with basal cell carcinoma on the left upper lip which was widely excised, including the orbicularis oris muscle. The remaining 4 cm × 3.5 cm defect was reconstructed using a reverse facial-submental artery island flap with ipsilateral ABDM. The motor nerve of the ABDM was sutured with the stump of the buccal branch of the ipsilateral facial nerve. The postoperative course was uneventful, and good functional and esthetic recovery were observed at 12-month follow-up. This procedure may be an alternative option for reconstruction of lateral upper lip defects.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2002

This study was carried to identify the component of Large Intestine Meridian Muscle in human, dividing into outer, middle, and inner part. Brachium and antebrachium were opened widely to demonstrate muscles, nerve, blood vessels and the others, displaying the inner structure of Large Intestine Meridian Muscle. We obtained the results as follows; 1. Meridian Muscle is composed of the muscle, nerve and blood vessels. 2. In human anatomy, it is present the difference between a term of nerve or blood vessels which control the muscle of Meridian Muscle and those which pass near by Meridian Muscle. 3. The inner composition of meridian muscle in human arm is as follows. 1) Muscle; extensor digitorum tendon(LI-1), lumbrical tendon(LI-2), 1st dosal interosseous muscle(LI-3), 1st dosal interosseous muscle and adductor pollicis muscle(LI-4), extensor pollicis longus tendon and extensor pollicis brevis tendon(LI-5), adductor pollicis longus muscle and extensor carpi radialis brevis tendon(LI-6), extensor digitorum muscle and extensor carpi radialis brevis mucsle and abductor pollicis longus muscle(LI-7), extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle and pronator teres muscle(LI-8), extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle and supinator muscle(LI-9), extensor carpi radialis longus muscle and extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle and supinator muscle(LI-10), brachioradialis muscle(LI-11), triceps brachii muscle and brachioradialis muscle(LI-12), brachioradialis muscle and brachialis muscle(LI-13), deltoid muscle(LI-14, LI-15), trapezius muscle and supraspinous muscle(LI-16), platysma muscle and sternocleidomastoid muscle and scalenous muscle(LI-17, LI-18), orbicularis oris superior muscle(LI-19, LI-20) 2) Nerve; superficial branch of radial nerve and branch of median nerve(LI-1, LI-2, LI-3), superficial branch of radial nerve and branch of median nerve and branch of ulna nerve(LI-4), superficial branch of radial nerve(LI-5), branch of radial nerve(LI-6), posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve and branch of radial nerve(LI-7), posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve(LI-8), posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve and radial nerve(LI-9, LI-12), lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve and deep branch of radial nerve(LI-10), radial nerve(LI-11), lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve and branch of radial nerve(LI-13), superior lateral cutaneous nerve and axillary nerve(LI-14), 1st thoracic nerve and suprascapular nerve and axillary nerve(LI-15), dosal rami of C4 and 1st thoracic nerve and suprascapular nerve(LI-16), transverse cervical nerve and supraclavicular nerve and phrenic nerve(LI-17), transverse cervical nerve and 2nd, 3rd cervical nerve and accessory nerve(LI-18), infraorbital nerve(LI-19), facial nerve and infraorbital nerve(LI-20). 3) Blood vessels; proper palmar digital artery(LI-1, LI-2), dorsal metacarpal artery and common palmar digital artery(LI-3), dorsal metacarpal artery and common palmar digital artery and branch of deep palmar aterial arch(LI-4), radial artery(LI-5), branch of posterior interosseous artery(LI-6, LI-7), radial recurrent artery(LI-11), cephalic vein and radial collateral artery(LI-13), cephalic vein and posterior circumflex humeral artery(LI-14), thoracoacromial artery and suprascapular artery and posterior circumflex humeral artery and anterior circumflex humeral artery(LI-15), transverse cervical artery and suprascapular artery(LI-16), transverse cervical artery(LI-17), SCM branch of external carotid artery(LI-18), facial artery(LI-19, LI-20)

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.189-200
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• 1989

The purpose of this study was to investigate the muscle activity of the group function occlusion and the changed canine guided occlusion using EM2. In this study, 13 subjects with group function occlusion and without temporomandibular disorders were selected, each subject was changed to the canine guided occlusion by forming the lingual ramps in the upper canines with light curing composite resin. The muscle activities of the anterior temporal and masseter muscle were recorded in the group function occlusion and immediately, one week, and two weeks after changing to the canine guided occlusion under the condition of maximum voluntary clenching in centric occlusion, lateral excursion, and during gum chewing. The results were as follows: 1. In case of maximum voluntary clenching in centric occlusion, the muscle activities of the anterior temporal and masseter muscle of working and balancing side didn't show any difference immediately after changing to the canine guided occlusion, one week after changing to the canine guided occlusion, one week after changing to it the muscle activities of the anterior temporal masseter muscle of working and balancing side were increased significantly, and two weeks after changing to it the muscle activities of the masseter muscle were increased significantly in comparison with the group function occlusion. 2. In case of maximum voluntary clenching in lateral excursion, the muscle activities of the anterior temporal and masseter muscle of working and balancing side were reduced significantly immediately after changing to the canine guided occlusion, one week after changing to it the muscle activities of the anterior temporal muscle of balancing side and of the anterior temporal and masseter muscle of working side were reduced significantly, and 2 weeks after changing to it the muscle activities of the anterior temporal and masseter muscle of working side were reduced significantly in comparison with the .group function occlusion. 3. During gum chewing, the muscle activities of the anterior temporal and masseter muscle of working and balancing side didn't show any difference immediately after changing to the canine guided occlusion, one week after changing to it the muscle activities of the masseter muscle of working and balancing side were increased significantly, and two weeks after changing to it only the muscle activities of masseter muscle of working side were increased significantly.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2012

Background: This study was performed to identify what effect plyometric exercise with application of kinesio taping gives on muscle activity and power of lower limb. Methods: In order to conduct research, total 14 male students at G university located Gwangyang city were randomly assigned; 7 for experimental group (with kinesio taping application) and 7 for control groups(without kinesio taping application) were conducted with box drill, one of the plyometric exercise 5 times a week for 4 weeks. Muscle activities were measured by using electrodiagnosis equipment on quadriceps and gastrocnemius. Collected data was analyzed by using Windows SPSS version 19.0. Results: Muscle activities show statistically significant differences (p<.05) both before and after exercise in experimental and control groups in terms of vastus medialis, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis and lateral gastrocnemius. However, only medial gastrocnemius shows statistically significant differences in experimental group compared before and after exercise. Sargent jump for measuring power shows that only experimental group presents statistically significant differences (p<.05). Two groups show that vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, lateral gastrocnemius and medial gastrocnemius only in muscle activities show statistically significant differences (p<.05) after exercise. Conclusion: The result of this survey indicates that plyometric exercise is effective to improve muscle activity and power of lower limb, especially, the group who exercises with application of kinesio tape is more effective than the other group with no tape application. Therefore, it is considered that plyometric exercise with tape is more effective to improve power and muscle strength.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.319-324
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was to investigate the effect of dorsal neck muscle fatigue on the cervical range of motion (CROM) and proprioception in adults with the forward head posture (FHP). Methods: Thirty pain-free subjects were enrolled in this study. All subjects were measured the forward head angle by taking the capture of the sagittal plane of their upper body to determine the FHP. Subjects were distributed into two groups: the FHP group (n=14) and Control group (n=16). All subjects were measured the CROM and the Head repositioning accuracy (HRA) for joint proprioception before and after inducing muscle fatigue of the dorsal neck. The CROM and HRA were measured in neck flexion, extension, right-left lateral flexion, and right-left rotation. Sorenson's test was used to induce muscle fatigue of the dorsal neck. Results: Total CROMs were significantly decreased after dorsal neck muscle fatigue in both groups (p<0.05). Total HRAs were significantly increased after dorsal neck muscle fatigue in the FHP group (p<0.05), but there were no significant differences in the control group (p>0.05). Total CROM changes were not significant differences between groups (p>0.05), but total HRA changes were significant differences between groups (p<0.05) except for right and left lateral flexion (p>0.05). Conclusion: Immediate CROM and proprioception reduction after the dorsal neck muscle fatigue were observed in adults with the FHP. Therefore, FHP can significantly affect the CROM and positioning consistency of cervical proprioception.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.57-61
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• 2017

Purpose : The purpose of study was to find out the environmental risk factor that can be easily occurred imbalance muscle activities according to direction for using the ramp during one legged standing. Method : The subjects were 20 normal adults with a mean age of $23.15{\pm}2.14years$ and a Body Mmass Index (BMI) of $22.74{\pm}1.07$. Participants were measured muscle activities on vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, tibialis anterior, peroneus longus during one legged stance at four conditions ramp (down ramp, up ramp, medial ramp, lateral ramp). The statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS(Ver. 23) and p-value less than .05 were considered statistically significant for all cases. Result : In this study, the activity of the lower extremity muscle and the ratio of the vastus medial and lateral muscles according to the direction of use of the ramp were investigated. The changes in the muscle activity of the lower limbs along the direction of the ramp were significantly different between the vastus medial muscle and the peroneus longus muscle. Conclusion : For a short time on a ramp or a pedestrian crossing, a clerk in a ramp can move or stand by placing the lower limbs in various directions, but if performed in consideration of the individual's disease characteristics or unstable foot position, It is thought that there will be an effect to prevent on the ankle and knee unstability.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.19-30
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of foot orthotics on the overall comfort and muscle activity during running. The subjects were 10 members from the joggers' club which consisted of 2 women and 8 men. These individuals ran on the treadmill by 4.0m/s speed with and without the custom foot orthotics. The data concerning the overall comfort was collected by a questionairre that examined the overall comfort, heel cushioning, forefoot cushioning, medio-lateral control, arch height, heel cup fit, shoe heel width, forefoot width, and shoe length The MegaWin ver. 2.1(Mega Electronics lid, Ma. Finland) was used to gain electromyography signals of the muscle activity; Tibialis anterior, medial gastronemius, lateral gastronemius, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, biceps femoris, and rectus femoris were measured. The results of the study were as follows. 1. During running the overall comfort was higher for the foot arthotic condition than the nonorthotic condition. Among the inquiries the overall comfort showed the biggest difference comparing the two conditions. and the shoe heel width showed the highest score for contort. 2 The muscle activity of the biceps femoris, and vastus lateralis in the stance period decreased. due to the foot orthotics. The muscle activity of the vastus medialis in the swing period also decreased and the muscle activity tibialis anterior in the stance and swing stance decreased as well During running, orthotics showed positive result in foot comfort. The foot comfort related to decreased stress, muscle activity, and foot arch strain. Overall comfort and the adequate decrease of muscle activity were associated with injury prevention and the best method to prevent injury semms to be the maintenance of foot comfort.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.217-227
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• 2013

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze 'response time', 'peak response time' and 'overshoot value' for each muscle by applying the EMG signal to the vehicle response in ISO 7401 and to quantify the response of the driver according to vehicle characteristics by comparing vehicle characteristics and muscle responses of the driver. Background: The Open-loop test defined in international standards ISO 7401 is the only method for evaluating the performance of the vehicle. However, this test was focused only on mechanical responses, not driver's ones. Method: One skilled male driver(22 yrs. experience) was participated in this experiment to measure muscle activities of the driver in transient state. Then the seven muscle signals were applied to calculate 'response time', 'peak response time', and 'overshoot value'. Results: In the analyses of the EMG data, the effects of vehicle type and muscle were statistically significant on the 'response time' and 'peak response time'. Also, the effects of vehicle type, muscle, and lateral acceleration level were statistically significant on the 'overshoot value' in this study. According to the analyses of the vehicle motion data, vehicle motion variable(LatAcc, Roll, YawVel) was statistically significant on the 'response time' and vehicle type, vehicle motion variable, and lateral acceleration level were statistically significant on the 'peak response time', respectively. Conclusion: In the analyses of the 'response time' and 'overshoot value', the data of muscle activities(EMGs) was better index that could evaluate the vehicle characteristic and performance than the data of vehicle motion. In case of peak response time, both EMG and vehicle motion data were good index. Application: The EMGs data from a driver might be applicable as index for evaluation of various vehicle performances based on this study.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.17-25
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• 2021

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate basic data about the effects of muscle energy technique on the shoulder complex range of motion and posture alignment in the round shoulder posture. Methods: The subjects included 15 women that gave consent to participate in the study voluntarily. They performed the muscle energy technique for 30 minutes twice. The round shoulder posture was measured with a straight edge ruler. The shoulder complex range of motion was measured with the apley scratch test. The forward head posture was measured with ImageJ. The pectoralis minor muscle length was measured with a tape measure. Results: There were statistically significant differences in the round shoulder posture both right and left (p<.05). The experiment group showed statistically significant differences in the pectoralis minor muscle length (p<.05). There were significant differences in the shoulder complex range of motion including flexion, left lateral flexion, right lateral flexion, left side bending, and right side bending (p<.05), but no significant differences were found in extension (p>.05). The forward head posture showed significant differences in CVA changes (p<.05) and no significant differences in CRA changes (p>.05). Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that the muscle energy technique relaxed muscles around the shoulders and increased the shoulder complex range of motion. The technique is also expected to prevent pain in the neck and shoulders and lower injury risk. In conclusion, the muscle energy technique can be applied as an effective intervention for round shoulder posture.